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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lay people
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people who were not in the church (no monks or priests) but who attened the Church
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Parishioners
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community members
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What was the Mass?
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- common name for the sacrament of the Eucharist in the RC Church
- entire Church service in general - was said by a priest in Latin - re-enactment of Christ's sacrifice |
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Transubstantiation
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- transformation of the elements of the bread and the into the body and blood of Christ
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Purgatory
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- a place of punishment (fire) where people with unforgiven sins must go until they are given the permission to enter heaven
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Penance
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- to reinforce forgiveness for sin through prayer, confession, fasting, good works,...
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Cult of Saints
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- saints were seen as powerful intercessors between God and Man
- to protect against misfortune, death and destruction - specific Saints with specific powers - pilgrimages to holy shrines |
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Priests
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- important in the Church
- significant for the Mass and traditional services |
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Latin
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- language of the Bible / Church and so of the Mass
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Sacraments
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- the people followed spiritually seven sacraments in order to find Salvation (admission to heaven):
Baptism, Confirmation, Marriage, Ordination (Beichte), Penance, Extreme unction (letzte ölung), Eucharist |
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Confraternities
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- lay associations formed to pray for the souls of the dead
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Anticlericalism
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- criticism of the clergy and their behaviour
- e.g. Simony (buying and selling offices); Pluralism and Absenteeism (collected taxes from offices which they never visited -> no support for people); Corruption; Secularisation; sexual abuse of women... |
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Antipapalism
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- believed that the Pope shouldn't be the head of the Church with full powers over it
- Pope is seen as the Bishop of Rome, but shouldn't be head over other states as well |
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Erastianism
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- believed the King should be head of the Church
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Heresy
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- criticism of the Church's doctrines and teaching
- questioning the Transubstantiation - Bible should be available to everyone being the word of God |
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What was Wolsey criticised for?
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- his wealth (created jealousy and resentment)
- Pluralism and Absenteeism (didn't even visit all of his dioceses, but collected taxes) - Simony - Nepotism (donated clerical posts to family members) - illegitimate son even with celibacy |
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Why did Wolsey fail to become Pope in 1520s?
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- England's relationship with Papacy was more apparent than real... England's FP independent
- he didn't actively seek to be a candidate and the initial proposal came from Charles V (he was let down) - he insulted the Pope and supporters by not answering urgent communication |
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Ecclesiastical
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- relating to the Christian Church or its clergy
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What was economic criticism into the RC Church?
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- the Church owned too much money and land
- it taxed the Poor too heavily - clergy didn't have to pay governmental taxes |
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What was theological criticism into the RC Church?
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- sale of indulgences
- purgatory (no command of God to do so) |
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Latin Vulgate
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- Latin version of the Bible
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