History - The 1905 Revolution

Front 1

Long term causes for the 1905 Revolution?

Back 1

Russia's Economic problems which included: Bad living and working conditions for the peasants made worse by the government investing in industrialisation.
Heavy taxes on things like grain and everyday items whilst the workers wages were still low.
After industry grew rapidly there was an industrial slump in 1902 and thousands of workers lost their jobs.
Bad harvests meant that peasants were starving.
Government dealt with strikes and demonstrations with troops and violence.

Front 2

Short term cause for the 1905 Revolution?

Back 2

The Russo-Japanese war: The Tsar had intended for the war to help bring Russia back together as he thought it would be an easy victory.
Instead the war made conditions worse than before, prices rose and there was a shortage of foods and goods, factories closed causing unemployment.
The war also went badly and the Russians were defeated which was humiliating and made people believe the Tsar and his government were incompetent.

Front 3

What was the trigger for the 1905 revolution?

Back 3

Blood Sunday - On January 1905 a crowd of 200,000 protesters held a peaceful protest at the Winter Palace to give a petition to the Tsar.
They were met by soldiers who opened fire on the peaceful protesters causing the people to lose respect for the Tsar.

Front 4

Why was the state in serious danger during the revolution?

Back 4

The Tsar's uncle was assassinated in Moscow, the sailors on the battleship Potemkin mutinied, Revolutionaries including Lenin and Trotsky returned from exile to join the revolution.
In the countryside peasants murdered their landlords and took over their lands.

Front 5

How was the Tsar able to avert the 1905 revolution?

Back 5

The Tsar published the 'October Manifesto' which offered the people a Duma (elected parliament) the right toe free speech and the right to form political parties.
The leading revolutionaries were abroad meaning that the revolution had no clear leadership.
He brough in a Prime Minister Stolypin who hanged revolutionaries.
The Tsar made peace with Japan and brought his troops back to Russia to crush the revolt.

Front 6

Who were the Dumas?

Back 6

The Duma was a parliament elected by the people. The Tsar dismissed the first two Dumas because they were critical of him and demanded more power for themselves and the ordinary people.
Stolypin tried to ensure the success of the third Duma by changing the voting system so that it favoured the gentry and urban rich even more, and so was less critical of the Tsar and lasted longer.

Front 7

What were Stolypin's Reforms?

Back 7

Stolypin used a 'carrot and stick' approach to try transform the situation of the peasantry.
The 'carrot' allowed peasants to buy more land and the 'stick' was exiling or hanging strikers, protesters and revolutionaries in the countryside.
Stolypin's plans failed because Russia was so far behind the other modern industrial powers and any profits were going to pay back banks in France which had loaned money to pay for Russia's Industrial growth.
Stolypin was assassinated in 1911. awkward.

Front 8

What was 'The Lena Goldfields' ?

Back 8

The Lena Goldfields was a strike in 1912 in the Lena Goldfields in Siberia about degrading working conditions and low wages. The protesters were met with troops and was similar to Bloody Sunday.

Front 9

Who was Rasputin?

Back 9

---Other than looking like Dyson---
Gregory Yefimovich (known as Rasputin) was a great concern to many supporters of the Tsar. He was very close to the Tsarina who believed that he had cured her son's haemophilia.
Rasputin was giving the Tsar advice on how to rule Russia which the people didn't like because they were suspicious of him as he was said to be a sex maniac and a heavy drinker.