History Test Ch 16 Expanding West

Front 1

californios

Back 1

spanish colonists living in CA

Front 2

tejanos

Back 2

spanish settlers

Front 3

James Long

Back 3

person who persuaded a group of US citizens from Natchez, mississippi, to settle illegally in Spanish Mexico and build a fort on Galveston Bay

Front 4

empresarios

Back 4

agents contracted by Mexico to bring settlers to Texas in exchange for a large amount of land

Front 5

Stephen F. Austin

Back 5

person who selected a colony site on the lower Colorado River and bought 300 families known as the Old Three Hundred to Texas. took charge of Moses Austin's expedition. tried to keep peace between Mexican government and AMericans arriving in TX. thrown in jail by self-gov. in TX. released after 1 1/2 years and said war the only remedy

Front 6

People brought to Texas by southern settlers to work the land, often growing cotton.

Back 6

African Americans

Front 7

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Back 7

person who suspended the Mexican Consititution of 1824 after he became the new Mexican leader. won battles at the Alamo and Goliad but lost at San Jacinto. ordered James Fannin and almost 400 soldiers to be charged with treason and was executed. thrown out of power by his own people.

Front 8

Gonzales

Back 8

town in which first battle of Texas Revolution took place

Front 9

San Antonio

Back 9

town in which a group of Texans led by William Travis and Jim Bowie defended the Alamo against Santa Anna and his troops

Front 10

Goliad

Back 10

town in which a battle between Mexican forces and Texas troops resulted in the surrender and execution of COmmander James Fannin and almost 400 of his soldiers by Santa Anna

Front 11

San Jacinto

Back 11

scene of the battle in which Santa Anna's army was destroyed by Texas troops and Santa Anna was captured

Front 12

What was another name for the El Camino Real?

Back 12

The Royal Road

Front 13

How long was the Oregon Trail?

Back 13

over 2000 miles long

Front 14

How many missions were in California?

Back 14

21 missions

Front 15

What were the purpose of the missions?

Back 15

To house slaves and Mexicans

Front 16

What does GTT mean?

Back 16

Gone To Texas

Front 17

Where did the first battle of Texas Revolution take place?

Back 17

Gonzales

Front 18

The independent nation of Texas was called

Back 18

the Republic of Texas

Front 19

The capital of the newly independent nation of Texas was

Back 19

Houston

Front 20

The independent nation of Texas encouraged immigration from the United States and Urope by offering

Back 20

land grants to settlers

Front 21

Texas changed their capital to _________. Why?

Back 21

Austin; to keep up with the rapidly expanding settlement

Front 22

In 1840, Texas passed a law forcing _________________ to leave Texas.

Back 22

free African Americans

Front 23

The largest group of European immigrants to Texas came from various regions of what is now ___________.

Back 23

Germany

Front 24

ALthough Texas was rich in resources, it had little ______.

Back 24

cash

Front 25

The Texas congress organized the ________ to guard the frontier agaisnt Mexican and Indian attacks in the late 1830s.

Back 25

Texas Rangers

Front 26

An attack on Santa Fe, New Mexico, by Texans prompted Mexican leader Santa Anna to send an army into Texas to recapture _________.

Back 26

Santa Antonio

Front 27

Pres. Sam Houston

Back 27

tried to make peace with Indians and ended the fighting with Santa Anna by signing a peace-treaty. commander in chief of Texas army. made a stand at San Jacinto.

Front 28

Pres. Lamar

Back 28

made Indian policy harsher and demanded that Indians leave or face military actions. Started fight with Mexico.

Front 29

Sutter's Fort

Back 29

located near Sacramento River. it became a popular destination for US immigrants. however mexican gov't was displeased with John Sutter

Front 30

Santa Fe Trail

Back 30

it ran from Independence, Missiouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Front 31

California Trail

Back 31

the southern branch. some settlers took this trail to avoid the Oregon Trail. it was the road to CA.

Front 32

Alamo

Back 32

was an old Franciscan mission. Santa Anna was outraged with all the defeats and marched rapidly toward San Antonio. William Travis ignored orders to retreat and waited for reinforcements. Santa Anna arrived with 3000 soldiers while Travis only had 189 troops. Santa Anna surrounded the Alamo for 13 days.

Front 33

Battle of Goliad

Back 33

Mexican forces attacked the Texas troops at the town of Goliad. Texas was severely out-numbered so commander James Fannin surrendered. by Santa Anna's orders, Fannin and 400 soldiers were charged with treason and was executed

Front 34

Battle of San Jacinto

Back 34

when Texans attacked, most of the Mexicans were resting. This defeat crushed Santa Anna's army and was forced to organize a peace treaty and was captured. when released, he was forced out of power with his people. Mexicans did not accept that Texas had become a free and independent country.

Front 35

What was the oldest province in New Spain?

Back 35

New Mexico

Front 36

Why weren't missions successful in TX?

Back 36

isolation and Indian resistance and frequent attacks by Indian inhabitants

Front 37

Agustin de Iturbide

Back 37

led a revolutionary army in 1821 and defeated the Spanish. The group declared Mexico an independent country. made himself emperor of Mexico but lacked political support. After two and 1/2 years of power, the army forced Iturbide to step down from office.

Front 38

The current states the Mexican republic included were the current US states of

Back 38

Arizona, CA, New Mexico, Nevada, TX, Utah as well some parts of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.

Front 39

What happened to missions in CA?

Back 39

Were successful in the 1800s but Mexican government decided that the mission system was too powerful and ended the mission system and gave mission lands to Californios.

Front 40

Moses Austin

Back 40

was a US citizen and became one of the first empresarios. however, he died before he could bring any American settlers to TX but his son Stephen F. Austin took charge of his expedition.

Front 41

What was the problem if TX was annexed?

Back 41

The balance between free states and slave states would be off.

Front 42

What was the difference reguarding the Indians in TX from Houston to Mrabeau Lamar?

Back 42

Sam Houston tried to make peace with Indians and ended the fighting with Santa Anna by signing a peace treaty. Mirabeau Lamar made Indian Policies harsher and demanded that Indians leave or face military actions. He started fight with Mexico.

Front 43

Mountain men

Back 43

frontier hunters and merchants

Front 44

rendezvous

Back 44

a yearly event where mountain men met to trade and socialize

Front 45

Challenges on the Oregon Trail

Back 45

food shortages, rough weather, natural barriers, and wagon trouble

Front 46

Donner Party

Back 46

perhaps the most tragic example of a group of western travelers with bad luck and poor judgement. began journy west in spring of 1846.

Front 47

the Whitmans

Back 47

played an important role in the settlement of Oregon Country. Narcissa Whitman and a fellow missionary's wife were the first 2 white women known to have crossed North America. estab. a mission called Waiiltpu and had limited success converting the local Cayuse Indians.