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4 Cards in this Set
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life under communist rule - changes for women
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- easy to get divorce - 2 months paid maternity leave - 1920 abortion legal - 1919 Ussr highest marriage rate mid 1920s highest divorce rate 25x more than Britain - by 1927 2/3 marriages divorce - employment - worsened - during WW1 working women 2x - after civil war 5 million discharged from military service - women forced unskilled labour - women worked 8hrs outside and 5hrs domestic |
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life under communist rule - changes for women |
- politics - 1919 women's department of Sovnarkom called Zhenotdel - stresses equality for women in politics - leader Alexander Kollantai 1st women to be in an European government - by 1917 women forced 10% of party membership - 1928 12% party congress - 1918 only 5% of voting delegates women, over next 6 years numbers fell |
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communist rule - education
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- 1919 communist party said education 'an instrument for communist transformation of society' - each child 9yrs free - curriculum changed to learn history of revolution and communism - teachers authority went down, no hw and discipline - NEP financial pressure meant universal schooling abolished - 1923 number of schools and pupils were half of 2 yrs prior as they left school - 2 youth organisations - pioneers- children under 15 like boy scouts camping trips activities etc. - konsomol- 15 to early 20s used seriously for taking propaganda to towns and villages konsomal membership prep for communist party |
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communist rule - religion
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- Bolsheviks atheists - Lenin - 'electricity will take the place of God' - vast majority of Russia religious so Lenin allowed freedom of worship/belief but aimed to take down power and wealth of church - January 1918 'decree on separation of church and state' church couldn't own property banned religious education - set up in 1921 'unity of militant godless' braches across country debates God doesn't exist, newspapers say priests fat parasites feeding of peasants - direct action - Lenin used 1921-22 famine to demand church valuables by local soviets - strong resistance by unarmed civilians vs soldiers with machine guns - more than 5000 executed in ant church campaign |
