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56 Cards in this Set
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Associated with number theorem that states if 2^m+1 is prime, them m=2^n. Ex: The nth number of this type equals 2^2^n+1. He thought (incorrectly) that all numbers of this form were prime.
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Fermat; it's called the Fermat Numbers Theorem
Ex: F_6=2^2^6+1=2^64+1=641*6700417 |
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Assoc. with theorem: Let n be odd, n≥3. Then a regular n-sided polygon can be inscribed in a unit circle (with a straight edge and compass) iff n is a product of 1 or more distinct ________ primes. (His name goes in the blank.)
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Fermat
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Called for a new branch of math that was arithmatic instead of geometric
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Fermat
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Born a frail infant in 1642; his father died when his mother was 3 months pregnant. She remarried and her new husband didn't want to raise ______; he was raised by his grandparents.
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Newton
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Succeeded Isaac Barrow as holder of the Lucasian chair at Oxford
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Newton
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Shy and wary of conflict, he didn't put things in writing
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Newton
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Came up with F=ma
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Newton
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Developed calculus with derivatives and limits
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Newton
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Used dots in derivative notation; for example, dx/dt was written as an x with a dot over it
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Newton
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Was a member of the Royal Society in London
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Newton
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Objected to the Catholic leaders at Oxford
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Newton
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Ended up being warden of the Royal Mint
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Newton
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His calculus called derivatives "fluxions"
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Newton
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Was unable to get a medical license, but practiced medicine anyway
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Cardano
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Lived 1501-1576
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Cardano
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Convinced Tartaglia (aka Niccoso of Fontana) to share his formula for finding the roots of cubic equations
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Cardano
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Was a gentleman soldier before getting into philosophy
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Descartes
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Tutored Queen Christina of Sweden
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Descartes
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Considered the founder of number theory
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Fermat
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Imprisoned for heresy for publishing the horoscope of Christ
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Cardano
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Son was executed for wife-poisoning
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Cardano
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Mainly gambled in his youth
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Cardano
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Teaching posts often interrupted by scandal; eventually he was forbidden to lecture publicly or to write or publish books
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Cardano
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Became an astrologer to the papal court in Rome
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Cardano
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According to various accounts, he predicted he would die on a certain day and so felt obliged to commit suicide to authenticate the prediction
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Cardano
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Published the solution to the cubic in Ars Magna
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Cardano
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Wrote Practica Arithmeticae, a book on numerical calculation
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Cardano
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Wrote the Book on Games of Chance, which broke ground for probability theory 50 years before Fermat and Pascal
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Cardano
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Was the first to take notice of negative roots
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Cardano
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Was the first to recognize that a cubic might have 3 roots
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Cardano
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Made the realization of the existence of complex/imaginary numbers
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Cardano
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Introduced in Ars Magna the trick of changing a cubic equation to one in which the second-degree term was absent
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Cardano
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Arrived at the general solution of the reduced cubic
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Cardano
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Wed algebra and geometry to produce analytic geometry (2 ppl)
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Fermat and Descartes
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Was a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer
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Galileo
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Name is assoc withthe birth of modern science
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Galileo
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Assoc with the Copernican revolution
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Galileo
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Assoc with the dethronement of Aristotle as the supreme authority in the schools
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Galileo
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Assoc with the struggle against external restrictions on scientific inquiry
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Galileo
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Father of analytic geometry
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Descartes
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Left France for Holland around the time Galileo was sentenced to house arrest
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Descartes
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Tutored Queen Christina of Sweden
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Descartes
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Used a theory of vortices to describe planetary motion
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Descartes
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Amateur mathematician; had a law degree, was a government official, judge
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Fermat
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Never gave away his solutions
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Fermat
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Never wrote anything official; all we have is his correspondence
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Fermat
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Born in Toulouse, France
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Fermat
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Found the tangent line to a polynomial curve
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Fermat
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Developed theory of probability with Pascal
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Fermat
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Issued a challenge problem in 1657 to England, Holland, Germany, France
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Fermat
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Challenge problem concerned ...
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Pell's Equation
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Solved challenge problem
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Wallis
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Wallis didn't like him
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Fermat
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Father of number theory
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Fermat
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Had a Little Theorem
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Fermat
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Used Method of Descent for proving the nonexistence of solutions to Diophantine equations (ex: x^4+y^4=z^2)
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Fermat
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