History Of Jazz Test 1

Front 1

12 bar blues form

Back 1

Musical form with a. Harmonic scheme of I, IV, and V chords

Front 2

32 bar AABA form

Back 2

Musical form with 8 bar repeated section, 8 bar contrasting part, and first 8 again

Front 3

Beat

Back 3

Pulse implied by the music

Front 4

Break

Back 4

Short rhythmic melodic solo played by an instrument between ensemble passages

Front 5

Bridge

Back 5

B section in AABA form

Front 6

Chord changes

Back 6

Aka chord progression

Sequence of chords for a tune

Used often for jazz improv

Front 7

Chording

Back 7

Harmonic accompaniment

Chord played on every beat

Front 8

Chorus

Back 8

One time through the form of a tune

Front 9

Comping

Back 9

Harmonic accompaniment

Evolved from chording

Chording played sporadically

Front 10

Creole

Back 10

Person descended from French, Sppanish, or portuguese settlers of the southern US, especially Louisiana

portuguese settlers of the southern US, especially Louisiana

settlers of the southern US, especially Louisiana

Front 11

Creole of color

Back 11

Person mixed with black and European ancestry

Ex. jelly roll Morton

Front 12

Double time

Back 12

Feeling of music going twice as far as the tempo

Chord progression is actually normal

Front 13

Drumset

Back 13

Snare drum

Small Tom Tom

Large (floor) Tom Tom

Bass drum

Ride cymbal

Crash cymbal

Hi-hat

Front 14

Head

Back 14

Musical Melody or theme

At beginning or end of jazz performance

Front 15

Meter

Back 15

How beats are grouped

Front 16

Paraphrase

Back 16

Decorate and rework a melody

Front 17

Quote

Back 17

Playing a part of a well known time within one's solo

Front 18

Rag

Back 18

Syncopate

Front 19

Release

Back 19

Same as bridge

Front 20

Rhythm

Back 20

The result of various durations of sounds and silences

Front 21

Rhythm section

Back 21

Some combo of

Piano

Bass

Drum

Guitar

Provides support for the soloist

Front 22

Rhythmization

Back 22

Playing melodic instruments in highly percussive ways

Front 23

Scale

Back 23

Ascending out descending prescribed pattern of notes

Front 24

Scat singing

Back 24

Jazz improvisation using the human voice as an instrument with nonsense syllables

Front 25

Stride piano

Back 25

Early piano style

Left hand plays bass notes (1,3)

And chords (2,4)

Front 26

Syncopation

Back 26

Anticipation of the beat, often accented

This is a function of rhythm

Front 27

Tempo

Back 27

Relative speed at which beats occur

Front 28

Trading fours

Back 28

Alternating solos between instruments for four bars each

Front 29

Waking bass

Back 29

Each beat recieves a separate tone, moving sequence of quarter notes

Front 30

The first jazz recording?

Back 30

Dixie Jazz Band One-Step

Chicago

The Original Dixieland Jazz Band

Led by Nick LaRocca

Front 31

Musics that are forerunners of jazz?

Back 31

.

Front 32

European devices of jazz

Back 32

*Instruments

Improv

Syncopation

Harmony

Role of percussion

Repetition of patterns

Front 33

African devices of jazz

Back 33

*Rhythmization

*Roughening, Buzzes, ringing

*Blue notes

Improv

Syncopation

Harmony

Role of percussion

Repetition of brief patterns

Polyrhythms

Decorated tones

Front 34

Louis Armstrong

Back 34

Biggest name

First to demonstrate solo improv rather than Dixieland style

Johnny Dodds and Kid Ory player with him

Front 35

Johnny Dodds

Back 35

Clarinet

Front 36

Lil Hardin (Armstrong)

Back 36

Pianist

Married Louis Armstrong

Front 37

Earl "Fatha" Hines

Back 37

Pianist

Replaced lil Armstrong

Combined styles in his solo

Known for cornet like it trumpet like figures

Front 38

James P Johnson

Back 38

First East coast pianist

Played stride piano style

Front 39

Scott Joplin

Back 39

King of ragtime

Preeminent composer of piano rags

Front 40

Jelly Roll Morton

Back 40

Composer, pianist, bandleader, arranger

First great jazz composer

Creole from New Orleans

Led the red hot peppers

Stride, break, and stoptime

Front 41

Joe King Oliver

Back 41

Created King Oliver Creole Jazz Band

Front 42

Kid Ory

Back 42

Trumbonist

Front 43

East coast piano tradition

Back 43

James P Johnson

Fats Waller

count basie

All played stride piano style

Front 44

Bessie Smith

Back 44

Most popular female blues singer of 20s and 30s

Made many recordings, often with Louis and James P Johnson

Front 45

Dixieland

Back 45

New Orleans jazz

Made by Creoles

Improv (group)

Front 46

Paraphrase

Back 46

Decorate and rework a Melody or parts of a melody

Front 47

Rag

Back 47

Syncopate

Front 48

Riff

Back 48

A short repeated phrase, often used to back up composed or improvised musical material

Front 49

Soli

Back 49

In a big band,a solo played by a section

Front 50

Tutti

Back 50

In a big band, the whole band plays together

Front 51

Duke Ellington

Back 51

Composer, pianist, band director, arranger

Jazz standards-longer forms

Jazz and classical suites

Sacred concerts

"Beyond category"

Front 52

Billy Strayhorn

Back 52

Jazz composer,

Partnered with Duke

His songs could go on the radio

Front 53

Johnny Hodges

Back 53

Alto sax

Played with Duke

Beautiful sounds, wide vibrato, sliding from note to note

Front 54

Cootie Williams

Back 54

Trumpet

In Ellington's band

Front 55

Jimmy blanton

Back 55

Bass in Ellington's band

Front 56

Count basie

Back 56

1935 took over bennt moten Kansas City orchestra

First recordings in 1937

Kansas City style constant riffing

Chording to comping

Front 57

Lester young (prez)

Back 57

Tenor sax

In count basie band

Influencing sound of cool jazz or west coast jazz

Pork pie hat

Coined the term cool and bread

Goodbye pork pie hat written by Charles Mingus after Lester's death

Front 58

Mary Lou williams

Back 58

Pianist, composer, arranger

Joined Duke band at 15

Could play any style as a pianist

Front 59

Billie holiday

Back 59

Jazz singer from Baltimore

Great relationship with Lester young

Improvisation of the melody lines

Front 60

Bebop

Back 60

Jazz of the 40s

Small group

Fast tempo

More complex melodies, rhythms, and harmonic

Substitute chords

Ride cymbal has time

Hip

Front 61

Bebop luminaries

Back 61

Front 62

Charlie parker

Back 62

Alto sax

Most important person of Bebop

Often played double time

Composed intricate melodies, over fast chord changes

Front 63

Dizzy gillespie

Back 63

First and most important Bebop trumpeter

Joined Charlie in 45

Bent trumpet

A night in Tunisia= first Latin jazz