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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Keystone |
a central stone at the summit of an arch, locking the whole together. |
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Voussoir |
a wedge-shaped or tapered stone used to construct an arch. |
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Barrel Vault |
a vault forming a half cylinder. |
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Groin Vault |
produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults. |
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Concrete |
Made from aggregates, water, and cement |
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Pozzolana |
a type of volcanic ash used for mortar or for cement that sets under water. |
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Arcuated |
shaped like a bow; curved. |
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Aqueduct |
an artificial channel for conveying water, typically in the form of a bridge supported by tall columns across a valley. |
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Arcade |
a covered passageway with arches along one or both sides. |
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Proscenium |
the part of a theater stage in front of the curtain. |
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Dome |
a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base. |
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Oculus |
denotes a circular opening in the centre of a dome or in a wall. |
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Coffer |
a recessed panel in a ceiling. |
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Tuscan order |
Solid column (not fluted). Simplified on base, capital, and entablature |
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Roman Concrete |
Lime, Sand, Water, and Pozzolana |
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Castrum |
a Roman encampment |
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Pilaster |
a rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall. |
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Bath |
An area where people congregate to be clean |
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Palestra |
a wrestling school or gymnasium |
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Frigidarium |
large cold pool of Roman baths |
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Apodyterium |
the apartment at the entrance of the baths, or in the palestra, where one stripped; a dressing room. |
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Composite Order |
a mixed order, combining the volutes of the Ionic order capital with the acanthus leaves of the Corinthian order. |
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Forum |
the marketplace or public place of an ancient Roman city forming the center of judicial and public business |
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Spolia |
the re-use of earlier building material or decorative sculpture on new monuments |
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Nave |
the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation |
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Insula |
apartment building that housed most of the urban citizen population of ancient Rome |
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Tablinum |
a room generally situated on one side of the atrium and opposite to the entrance |
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Vestibule |
an antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door of a building. |
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Broken pediment |
a pediment, as over a doorway or window, havingits raking cornice interrupted at the crown orapex. |
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Hypocaust |
a hollow space under the floor of an ancient Roman building, into which hot air was sent for heating a room or bath. |
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Tepidarium |
the warm (tepidus) bathroom of the Roman baths heated by a hypocaust or underfloor heating system |
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Caldarium |
a room with a hot plunge bath, used in a Roman bath complex |
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Exedra |
a room, portico, or arcade with a bench or seats where people may converse, |
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Triumphal Arch |
a monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road. |
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Basilica |
a large oblong hall or building with double colonnades and a semicircular apse, used in ancient Rome as a court of law or for public assemblies. |
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Domus |
type of house occupied by the upper classes and some wealthy freedmen during the Republican and Imperial eras. |
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Atrium |
an open-roofed entrance hall or central court in an ancient Roman house. |
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Roman Emperors |
Trajan: 98-117 Hadrian: 117-138 Marcus Aurelius: 161-180 Caracalla: 211-217 Diocletian: 284-305 Maxentius: 306-312 Constantine: 307-337 |
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Buddhism |
a religion of eastern and central Asia growing out of the teaching of Gautama Buddha that suffering is inherent in life and that one can be liberated from it by mental and moral self-purification. |
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Hinduism |
the dominant religion of India that emphasizes dharma with its resulting ritual and social observances and often mystical contemplation and ascetic practices |
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Khmer |
a member of a people of Cambodia, noted for acivilization that flourished from about 800 ad toabout 1370, remarkable for its architecture |
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Stupa |
a dome-shaped structure erected as a Buddhist shrine. |
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Torana |
a gateway having two or three lintels between twoposts. |
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Balustrade |
a railing supported by balusters, especially an ornamental parapet on a balcony, bridge, or terrace. |
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Pradakshina |
circumambulation of sacred places |
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Chaitya |
a Buddhist shrine or prayer hall with a stupa at one end. |
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Ambulatory |
a place for walking, especially an aisle around the apse or a cloister in a church or monastery. |
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Vihari |
Sanskrit term for Buddhist monastery (residence for monks |
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Sikhara |
Mountain peak--> rising tower in Hindu temple |
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Vastuvidya |
dont know |
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Mandala |
a geometric figure representing the universe in Hindu and Buddhist symbolism. |
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Plinth |
a heavy base supporting a statue or vase. |
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Gopuram |
a monumental tower, usually ornate, at the entrance of any temple, especially in Southern India. |
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Quincunx |
an arrangement of five objects with four at the corners of a square or rectangle and the fifth at its center, used for the five on dice or playing cards, and in planting trees. |
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Crenellated |
provide (a wall of a building) with battlements. |
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Battlement |
Gaps within a crenellated wall (to put weapons in) |
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Spandrel |
the space between the shoulders of adjoining arches and the ceiling or molding above. |
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Pagoda |
tiered tower |
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Bay |
The space between columns |
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Hipped Roof |
a roof with all the ends inclined, as well as the sides. |
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Dougong (tou-kung) Bracket System |
stacking of cantilevered brackets on top of one another |
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Ang |
pointed inclined shape |
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Gong |
bow-shaped brackets |
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Dou |
large wooden block |
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Shinto |
form of animism |
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Torii |
the gateway of a Shinto shrine |
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Honden |
Most sacred building in Shinto shrines |
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Picturesque massing and composition |
19th century word= irregular masses that balance each other yet interest the eyes. |
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Tatami |
help for seating people when drinking tea |
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Titulus |
an inscription on a building/side of a door |
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Catacomb |
an underground cemetery |
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Atrium |
an open-roofed entrance hall or central court in an ancient Roman house. |
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Choir |
area of a church or cathedral that provides seating for the clergy and choir |
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Transept |
the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave. |
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Aisle |
a lower part parallel to and at the side of a nave, choir, or transept, from which it is divided by pillars. |
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Campanile |
an Italian bell tower, especially a freestanding one. |
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Matryium |
Tomb of a saint |
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Centrally-planned |
everything is based on a central point |
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Rotunda |
a round building or room, especially one with a dome. |
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Pulpit |
a raised platform or lectern in a church or chapel from which the preacher delivers a sermon. |
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Basilica |
a large oblong hall or building with double colonnades and a semicircular apse, used in ancient Rome as a court of law or for public assemblies. |
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Narthex |
Transition between the exterior of building to interior |
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Nave |
the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation. |
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Apse |
a large semicircular or polygonal recess in a church, arched or with a domed roof, typically at the eastern end, and usually containing the altar. |
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Latin Cross |
When transept extends thus creating a cross |
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Squinch |
a straight or arched structure across an interior angle of a square tower to carry a dome. |
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Pendentive |
a curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches. |
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Drum |
upright part of a building on which a dome is raised |
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Gallery |
any covered passage that is open at one side, such as a portico or a colonnade |
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Exonarthex |
a covered walk, vestibule, or narthex situated before a narthex; anouter narthex. |
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Cross-in-square plan |
a square centre with an internal structure shaped like a cross, topped by a dome |
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Crossing |
the junction of the four arms of a cruciform (cross-shaped) church |
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Revetment |
a layer of stone, concrete, or other hard material supporting the side of an embankment. |
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Onion Dome |
a dome that bulges in the middle and rises to a point, used especially in Russian church architecture. |
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Visigoths |
a member of the branch of the Goths who invaded the Roman Empire between the 3rd and 5th centuries AD and ruled much of Spain until overthrown by the Moors |
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Moors |
a member of a northwestern African Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab descent. In the 8th century they conquered the Iberian peninsula |
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Qibla |
the direction of the Kaaba (the sacred building at Mecca), to which Muslims turn at prayer. |
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Mihrab |
a niche in the wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which the congregation faces to pray. |
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Arabesque |
an ornamental design consisting of intertwined flowing lines, originally found in Arabic or Moorish decoration. |
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Minaret |
a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer. |