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13 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Cult of Virginity
the cult of virginity is, from the 1950s is a conservativeperiod where women were told that their place was in the home as caregivers andwives, living in suburbia taking care of the kids. The predominantly heldbelief as it relates to sexual relations in the western world, regarding sexualrelations, primarily pre-marital sex. Women who go all the way - lose theirvalue to men. This is the message of the 1940s and 1950s and it starts to breakdown in the 1960 and there are two reasons it breaks down - there is less fear:

● Fear of pregnancy, the pill


● Venereal disease - antibiotics - doctors prescribingthem to combat these diseases.

The Pill
women are less fearful of having an unwanted pregnancy -significant because it is part of the reason that the cult of virginity comingto an end. Oral contraception - developed by George Pincus. Suppressingovulation of women’s bodies - scientists knew of this since the 1920s but wassuppressed since the 1920s during the conservative times. Katherine HallMcCormick - heiress - billionaire - holds women’s issues close and is aproto-feminist and is looking for the things to improve women’s lives, givingGeorge between 100000 and 180 000 a year from Katherine doing research and it'senough where he needs human trials - tests it on the poor puerto ricanpopulation. FAA gives approval of ‘enovid’ in 1960s in the US, and Canada onlymade it legal in 1969. Drug dealers dealt the pill with potential jail time.Trudeau brought in the divorce act, decriminalized homosexuality and brings inthe pill.
Joni Mitchell
Canadian icon, folk legend, defining voices of the 1960s andis significant as a representative of those women who are coming of age in the1960s and engaging in premarital sex - born in Canada. Attends an arts collegein calgary, in her freshman year she has sex for the very first time andbecomes pregnant. Cultural change happens very slowly, social norms have notyet changed - and only has 3 choices:1. Shotgun marriage,2.Abortion, illegal until 1969,3.Or you disappear, and she goes to Toronto. Has a babygirl and gives it up for adoption.Working at Sears trying to get a union card to play in thepubs. The youth engaging in premarital sex but the generations that are olderthan them can’t come to terms with things such as pregnancy. Change takingplace, women are looking to do things differently than the women before them,so virginity and domesticity are increasingly questions.
The Feminine Mistique
due to the book, they call on the government to make changesso that women could be happy and fulfilled. Significant for our purposesbecause it is a consequence of women’s happiness and dissatisfaction with thecult of domesticity. It is the second wave, but Dr. Emily Snow, Nellie McClung- were the first wave, women wanted the vote. SEcond wave was to pressure thefederal government to remove the structural barriers, full equality with men.
Royal Commission on the Status of Women
1967, significant for our purposes because it is aconsequence of the second wave offeminism. Liberal government lester B. Pearson, a royal commission that islooking into those things that are preventing women from living full and happylives. Headed by Florence Berg, Elsie McGill - listening to 468 presentations,and create and 488 page report that suggests that women’s lives would beeasier:1. Legalized the pill2. Easier to get a divorce, (previously very draconian andlimited), Divorce act is changed3.Equal pay for equal work,4.Daycare,5.Maternity leave, previously women would lose their job,be fired for being pregnant.Takes up to 1990s for the last of the suggestions to beimplemented. Back drop is the cold war - Soviet Union and the WEst, basicallythe US, during an arms race. We haveenough to blow up the war 230 times.
Mini Skirts
women’s lives changing are reflected in fashion, it is significant because it is a reflectionof the women of the period living more dynamic and rebellious lives. Developedin the mid 1960s, and the place to be is London and fashion moves from Paris toLondon in the 1960. Prior to the 1960s there was no thing as youth fashion.Previously youth clothing were a version of the adults. During the 1960s withthe cult of individuality, there were different values being expressed in theclothes that they wear - Mary Kwan created a skirt that was 4 inches above theknee that became a worldwide phenomena due to one woman’s actions - JeanShrimpton first supermodel, first to wear the mini skirt internationally.Speaks to the fact that women are being rebellious, far more comfortable andfunctional, and it becomes a fashion element for the youth of the 1960s.
Igor Gouzenko
cold war - starts here in Ottawa - he is significant becausehis actions trigger the cold war. End of the 2nd world war in 1945 and he is anattache at the soviet embassy in ottawa and walks out with documents and goesto the RCMP with proof that the Soviet Union has been spying on its allies.Really interested in getting the secrets to the atom bomb, and the RCMP kickshim out, he tries justice canada and it's closed, he tells this story to thepoliceman, who takes him down to the Ottawa Journal. He sits down with LouisSt. Laurent who contacts the British, the US, and the spy network was broken,20 people in canada were thrown in jail. We now see the Soviets not as an allybut as an enemy
Fruit Machine
on the backdrop of the cold war, leads to the secretservice, gays and lesbians are thought to be most likely to be open toblackmail (gross indecency) and we need to figure out who they are first: A-3.They thought that they would become agents for the soviets more easily becausethey could be blackmailed gaining an agent in the government. The Fruit machineis designed to seek out the gays and lesbians in the civil service. How does itwork, big machine with goggles, measuring your heart rate, perspiration rateand pupil dilation. They show you a bunch of images. This the irrational fear,communism and soviet spies. The government has a file of 6000 individuals andmost of them are fired. Gays and lesbians are still living in a conservativeenvironment.
George Klippert
Trudeau of 2016 is moving to pardon and 6000 convictedhomosexuals, significant because he is the last person charged in Canada forgross indecency. Pinepoint, mechanics helper, but is harassed because of hisprevious conviction with gross indecency. He is charged under the criminal codewith gross indecency he is sent off to a psychiatric ward, sexual pervert, withan indefinite sentence. Hardly a liberal culture when it comes to lives of gaysand lesbians.
LSD
defines the period, drug use is on the rise, the youth ofthe period is experimenting with drugs, the dominate drug is acid, apsychedelic drug. Based on ergot naturally grows on diseased rye. There is nohangover. Most people have positive experiences. Significant because it is thedrug of choice for the countercultural revolution.
Timothy Leary
advocates lSD, a door to higher consciousness. He is Harvarduniversity psychiatrist who has a midlife crisis when he is 40. Tries magicmushrooms on his vacation, he experiments on the incarcerated population of thelocal jail. How many of the incarcerated return to jail, only 20% return toprison who take the drug, versus 70% on the placebo. But there were manyvariables that were not controlled. He get the lsd takers jobs, gave themmoney, and were constantly being watched. The imperial royal fortune set himup, Milbrooke Estates is the house party place, playing with the artisticcommunity are celebrating in their work, their words and their songs.
White Rabbit
White rabbit - representative of a drug induced song. LewisCarroll - alice in wonderland, many think that it was drug induced tales.Example (5) how the social and cultural represented in song. Many thought LSDmade you a better artist.
The Beatles’ Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band
1967, (5), The Beatles, born between between 1940 and 1944,captures the spirit of the 1960s. Bob Dylan was the one that turned the Beatleson to drugs, with a bag of weed. Weed being a gateway drug is the Beatles, by 1966they are using the LSD and were looking like they were coming to an end.Beatlemania, they were living in a bubble, and the music was beginning tosuffer. The PA systems aren’t good enough to overcome crowds screaming, andthey can’t hear each other. November 1966, they go to abbey road and in 40 daysthey put together their this album. All the while throughout this they areescaping to take drugs. A psychedelic album that emerges, speaks to thegeneration and captures the summer of love in 1967. A world wide phenomena. Theboomers hang on to them. Influenced by drugs.