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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jackson's political philosophy
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States rights
Laissez faire Strict construction Suspicion of banks President=tribune of people |
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Indian removal
The Peggy eaton affair Nullification crisis of 1832 Jackson's bank war |
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Nicholas Trist
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American negotiator during war
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Lack of a father figure (speech)
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•slaves formed families but fathers could not intervene to protect their families
•matriarchy based •men only provided food and would be very abusive •children did not respect fathers •women were seen as the strong ones and men as weak |
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Confederacy president and capitol
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Pres:Jefferson Davis
Capitol:Richmond, Virginia |
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When was the civil war?
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1861-1865
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Confederate constitution vs. U.S Constitution
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Confederate Constitution
-will recognize slavery in all states and territories -president can only serve one six year term in office -protective and high tariffs are illegal -give the president a line item veto(can veto a part of a law he doesn't like) U.S constitution -u.s president can only veto an entire law -only indirectly mentions slavery |
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The date the war began
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April 12, 1861
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Fort sumter
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(Must fall in order for foreign countries to recognize the confederacy)
-Charleston, SC •commanders: -north:Robert Anderson -south: P.G.T Beauregard •Events: -the south fires first therefore they are seen as the aggressor in the war giving them the disadvantage for the rest of the war(and losing foreign countries recognition) -no one died at this battle however the civil war was the bloodiest war in American history |
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3 theaters of the war
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•The eastern theater: most of the fighting occurs, most famous
•the western theater: mainly fighting in Tennessee and Kentucky • the trans-Mississippi theater: Texas,Missouri, Louisiana, Arkansas |
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1st Manasses/Bull Run
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•south wins
•union commander: McDowell •confed commander: Bowregard • stone wall Jackson becomes famous at this battle SIGN: south becomes cocky, sobering reality check for the north |
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Turning point of civil war 1863
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Union starts to win because of 3 campaigns:
1)Vicksburg 2)Gettysburg 3)Chattanooga |
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Gettysburg
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•Union victory
•Pennsylvania •Commanders: Confederacy-Lee Union-Mead • 3 day battle( on third day, July 3, Pickett's charge takes place.) --destroys the spirits of southerners --20,000 men run across a field and get cut down to 5,000 --51,000 casualties between both sides SIGN: ends foreign recognition or confederacy, confederacy never capable of going on the offensive for the rest of the war |
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Vicksburg
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•Commanders
Union: Grant Confederacy: Pemberton --a key strategic location(Mississippi) --civilians lived in caves and ate all animals --July 4,1863 Vicksburg falls SIGN: cuts the confederacy in two |
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Chattanooga
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•Commanders
Union: Grant Confederacy: Braxton Bragg --Tennessee --soldiers war SIGN: cuts lines of communication to confederacy, opened door to Deep South, led to capture of Atlanta *Sherman's march to the sea |
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Appomattox
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--Virginia
--Grant forces Lee to surrender --ends war |
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Significances of the Civil War
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3 SIGN:
1) preserves the union 2)ends slavery 3)establishes the primacy of federal government over the states 4)repudiates secession |
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Election of 1840
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•William Henry Harrison: Whig candidate
•Van Buren :democrat •Whig party: last time in office, favored for election •Whig Fiasco 1841-1842: series of tariffs that upset the nation •Tippacanoe and Tyler too: Harrison's campaign song •Log cabin campaign : first active campaign in US history, helped Harrison get popular vote •Harrison won |
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John Tyler and Tyler administartion
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•pro slavery
•despised Andrew Jackson and everything he stood for •Whig party •friends with Daniel Webster and Henry clay •10th president of the US |
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Daniel webster
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•john Tyler's right hand man
•orator for the Whig party |
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Webster-Ashburn Treaty
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•signed august 9, 1842
•was a treaty resolving several border issues between the US and the British North American colonies |
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Species Circular of 1836
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• a US presidential executive order issued by president Andrew Jackson in 1836, pursuant to the Coinage act and carried out by his successor president Martin Van Buren
•required payment for government land to be in gold and silver |
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Panic of 1837
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• a financial crisis in the US that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid 1840's
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Martin Van Buren presidency
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•first born US citizen to become president
•help organize Democratic Party •8th president •president during the panic of 1837 ruined his reputation |
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Independent treasury act
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•a system for the retaining of government funds in the United States Treasury and it's sub treasuries
•independently of the national banking and financial systems • in one form or the other, it lasted from 1846 to 1921 |
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Liberty party
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•was an early advocate of the abolitionists cause
•it broke away from the American Anti Slavery Society (AASS) to advocate the view that the constitution was an anti slavery document |
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Anti Masonic Party
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•was the first "third party" in the US
• it strongly opposed Freemasonry as a single issue party •later aspired to become a major party by expanding it's platform and positions on other issues •most just ended up joining the Whig party |
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Frederick Douglas
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•an African American social reformer, orator, writer, and statesman
• after escaping from slavery, he became a leader of the abolitionist movement |
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Texas fires/ troubles
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•Texas was split on either union or confederacy but in the end, 2/3 texans voted to secede
•the other 1/3 were believers in the union and caused trouble for the state |
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Secession
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•the act of withdrawing from and organization, union, military, or a political entity
•threats of secession can also be a strategy for achieving more limited goals |
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First seven states to secede
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•South Carolina
•Mississippi •Florida •Alabama •Georgia •Louisiana • Texas |
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Four states to secede after Ft. Sumter
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•Virginia
•Arkansas •North Carolina •Tennessee |
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CSA Constitution
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• the supreme law of the confederate states of America
•adopted on March 11, 1861 |
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Stone wall jackson
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• a confederate general during the American civil war
• one of the best known confederate commanders behind Robert E Lee |
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Causes of the Mexican War
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1)Mexico angry over TX
2)Mexico in debt to US citizens, didn't want to pay 3)border dispute (texans claimed border was rio grande, Mexicans say it was the Nueces River) 4)determination of Polk and others to make manifest destiny a reality 5)Mexican rejection of Slidell missions (Mexico broke diplomatic relations with the US) |
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Disadvantages of US in the Mexican War
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1)Mexican army much larger and more experienced
2)Mexican army one of the best on the planet 3)war unpopular in US 4)war fought far away=long supply lines 5)US had a very limited amount of time to achieve goals |
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Advantages of US in Mexican War
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1)Mexico was very politically divided
2) larger population 3) artillery and gun powder 4) US could afford the war more 5) US had a naval blockade of Mexican coast 6) Mexican generals were ambitious and in it for themselves |
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Election of 1836
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•democrats nominated Martin Van Buren
•the new " Whig" party nominated 3 candidates hoping to throw the election to the House of Representatives -Hugh Lawson White -Daniel Webster -Harrison •their strategy failed and Van Buren won election |
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Jacksonian vs Jeffersonian Democracy
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JEFFERSON:
•believed in capable well educated leaders •reflected mainly an agricultural society • limited democracy to it's political aspects JACKSON: •the people themselves should manage government and didn't need education to be smart enough to do it •reflected and agricultural/industrial society as important •expanded democracy to include social and economic aspects |
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The political aspects of the Jacksonian era
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•democracy in the states-no property or religious qualifications for office holding
•democracy in presidential elections- by 1832 popular vote had more importance •choosing electors instead of having them appointed by congress •democratic view of the Presidency - employed veto more often than all presidents combined |
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The Spoils System
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•every citizen has an equal right to hold office, didn't need education
•rotation of job holding to prevent growth of permanent career government bureaucrats |
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Jackson's political philosophy
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1) Laissez Faire: governments doesn't control, manipulate, or stick their fingers in the economy
2)states rights: not give up power to federal government, should stay in background 3)strict construction 4)president was the tribune of the people 5) suspicion of banks |
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1st party system 1792-1824
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•democratic republicans vs federalists
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2nd party system 1832-1854
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•democrats vs Whigs
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas revolution: Goliad
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•the first Declaration of Independence of the republic of Texas was signed here on December 20,1835
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas revolution: Goliad
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•the first Declaration of Independence of the republic of Texas was signed here on December 20,1835
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Texas revolution: San Jacinto
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•the county's name comes from the battle of San Jacinto which in 1836 secured Texas's independence from Mexico and established a republic
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas revolution: Goliad
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•the first Declaration of Independence of the republic of Texas was signed here on December 20,1835
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Texas revolution: San Jacinto
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•the county's name comes from the battle of San Jacinto which in 1836 secured Texas's independence from Mexico and established a republic
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Texas revolution: treaty of Velasco
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•1836
•was two documents signed at Velasco, Texas on May 14,1836 between Mexico and the republic of Texas •was supposed to end the fighting |
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas revolution: Goliad
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•the first Declaration of Independence of the republic of Texas was signed here on December 20,1835
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Texas revolution: San Jacinto
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•the county's name comes from the battle of San Jacinto which in 1836 secured Texas's independence from Mexico and established a republic
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Texas revolution: treaty of Velasco
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•1836
•was two documents signed at Velasco, Texas on May 14,1836 between Mexico and the republic of Texas •was supposed to end the fighting |
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The Alamo: Davey Crockett
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•was a 19th century American folk hero, frontiersman, soldier, and politician
• he is commonly referred in popular culture by the epithet " king of the wild frontier" •he represented Tennessee in the US house of reps •served in the Texas revolution and died at the Alamo |
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Texas Revolution: Sam houston
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•was an American politician and soldier, best known for his role in bringing Texas into the United States as a constituent state
•his victory at the battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico |
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Texas revolution: Santa Anna
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•sometimes called the napoleon of the west
• was a Mexican politician and general who greatly influenced Mexican politics and government |
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Texas revolution: Goliad
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•the first Declaration of Independence of the republic of Texas was signed here on December 20,1835
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Texas revolution: San Jacinto
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•the county's name comes from the battle of San Jacinto which in 1836 secured Texas's independence from Mexico and established a republic
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Texas revolution: treaty of Velasco
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•1836
•was two documents signed at Velasco, Texas on May 14,1836 between Mexico and the republic of Texas •was supposed to end the fighting |
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The Alamo: Davey Crockett
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•was a 19th century American folk hero, frontiersman, soldier, and politician
• he is commonly referred in popular culture by the epithet " king of the wild frontier" •he represented Tennessee in the US house of reps •served in the Texas revolution and died at the Alamo |
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Alamo: William B Travis
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•age of 26 was a lieutenant colonel in the Texas army
•he died at the battle of the Alamo |
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Alamo: Jim Bowie
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•was a nineteenth century American pioneer, soldier, smuggler, slave trader, and land spectator, who played a prominent role I. The Texas revolution
•culminating in his death at the battle of the Alamo |
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Alamo: Jim Bowie
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•was a nineteenth century American pioneer, soldier, smuggler, slave trader, and land spectator, who played a prominent role I. The Texas revolution
•culminating in his death at the battle of the Alamo |
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Alamo: Moses Rose
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•known as the coward if the Alamo was according to Texas legend, the only man who chose to leave the besieged Alamo in 1836, rather than fight and die
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Texas annexation
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•the Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation into the United States of the republic of Texas
• admitted to the union as the 28th state |
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Texas annexation
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•the Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation into the United States of the republic of Texas
• admitted to the union as the 28th state |
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Election of 1844
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•democrat: James k Polk defeated Whig: Henry Clay in a close contest that turned on the controversial issue of slavery expansion through the annexation of the republic of Texas
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John O'Sullivan
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•an American columnist and editor who used the term "manifest destiny" In 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States
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Mexican war: Zachary Taylor
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• 12 th president of the United States serving from March 1849 to July 1850
•his status as a national hero as a result of his victories in the Mexican American war won him the election to the White House despite his vague political beliefs |
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Mexican war : Winfield scitt
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•was a US army officer and the democratic nominee for president of the US in 1880
• served in Mexican war |
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Mexican war : Winfield scitt
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•was a US army officer and the democratic nominee for president of the US in 1880
• served in Mexican war |
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Mexican war: bathles
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•Resaca de la Palma
•Palo Alto •buena vista •Monterrey •Vera Cruz •Cerro Gordo • Chapultepec |
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Mexican war : Winfield scitt
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•was a US army officer and the democratic nominee for president of the US in 1880
• served in Mexican war |
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Mexican war: bathles
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•Resaca de la Palma
•Palo Alto •buena vista •Monterrey •Vera Cruz •Cerro Gordo • Chapultepec |
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Army of observation
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•same thing as army of occupation just was it's first name
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Army of occupation
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•the army was the name of the US army commanded by Zachary Taylor during the Mexican American war
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Mexican war: Robert e Lee
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•distinguished himself in the Mexican American war
•one of Winfield Scott's chief aides in the march from Veracruz to Mexico City • he was instrumental in several American victories |
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Mexican war: Robert e Lee
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•distinguished himself in the Mexican American war
•one of Winfield Scott's chief aides in the march from Veracruz to Mexico City • he was instrumental in several American victories |
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Mexican war: Jefferson Davis
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•raised a volunteer regiment (known as the Mississippi rifles)
•the 155th infantry regiment •becoming it's colonel under the command of his former father in law •General Zachary Taylor •later became president of the confederation |
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Nicholas Trist
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• during the Mexican American war pres James k Polk sent Trist to negotiate with the government of Mexico
•was ordered to arrange an armistice with Mexico for up to 30 million |
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Nicholas Trist
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• during the Mexican American war pres James k Polk sent Trist to negotiate with the government of Mexico
•was ordered to arrange an armistice with Mexico for up to 30 million |
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Election of 1848
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•was own by Zachary Taylor of the Whig party
•ran against former president Martin Van Buren of the free soil party and Lewis Cass of the Democratic Party |
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Nicholas Trist
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• during the Mexican American war pres James k Polk sent Trist to negotiate with the government of Mexico
•was ordered to arrange an armistice with Mexico for up to 30 million |
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Election of 1848
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•was own by Zachary Taylor of the Whig party
•ran against former president Martin Van Buren of the free soil party and Lewis Cass of the Democratic Party |
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Election of 1852
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•franklin pierce and running mate William r. King went on to win what was at the time one of the nations largest electoral victories
•254 electoral votes to 42 |
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Franklin Pierce
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• 14 th pres of US
•his polarizing actions in campaigning, signing the Kansas Nebraska act, enforcing the fugitive slave act, failed to stem intersectional conflict •setting the stage for southern secession and leaving him widely regarded as one of the worst presidents in US history |
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Franklin Pierce
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• 14 th pres of US
•his polarizing actions in campaigning, signing the Kansas Nebraska act, enforcing the fugitive slave act, failed to stem intersectional conflict •setting the stage for southern secession and leaving him widely regarded as one of the worst presidents in US history |
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Election of 1856
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•James Buchanan, an experienced politician who had held a variety of political offices, was serving as the United States ambassador to the United Kingdom and won the election nomination instead
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Franklin Pierce
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• 14 th pres of US
•his polarizing actions in campaigning, signing the Kansas Nebraska act, enforcing the fugitive slave act, failed to stem intersectional conflict •setting the stage for southern secession and leaving him widely regarded as one of the worst presidents in US history |
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Election of 1856
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•James Buchanan, an experienced politician who had held a variety of political offices, was serving as the United States ambassador to the United Kingdom and won the election nomination instead
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James Buchannan
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• by the times he left office, popular opinion was against him and the Democratic Party had split
•his inability to identify ground for peace or address the sharply divided pro slavery and a it slavery partisans led to historians ranking him one of the worst presidents in US history |
