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61 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
What was the Region of Europe that produced the most diplomatic crises prior to WWI?
The Balkans
Event that triggered WWI
Assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdianand by Serbian nationalist
Central powers consisted of who?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, & Bulgaria
Who blockaded whom?
Britain blockaded the German, cutting them off from supplies
Which country changed sides during the war?
Italy
How did the Germans help the Austrian govt early in the war?
With the "blank check"
What are some of the new waeponry used during WWI?
Tank, machine gun, airplane, & flamethrowers.
What was an important consequence of the first year of WWI?
A stalemate was reached on the Western Front after the Battle of the Marne.
What were reasons for America's entrance into the war?
The Zimmerman note, Germans use of unlimited submarine warfare, & the sinking of 4 American merchant ships
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
This was the humiliating treaty that the Russians signed w/ Germany after they conceded the war
Wilson's 14 points included what?
removal of trade barriers, freedom of the seas, armaments reduction, and no more secret treaties.
The "peace w/o victory speech states what kind of peace can last?
only a peace between equals
the Versailles treaty resulted in the formation of what new countries?
Yugoslavia & Hungary
What was the Battle of the Marne?
The battle just outside of Paris that stopped the German advance & created a stalemate.
What was the Front at Gallipoli?
This was the disaster headed by Winston Churchill in an attempt to get supplies to Russia through the Middle East.
What plan ignored Belgium neutrality?
Schlieffen plan
What was the Jutland?
This was an important sea battle that took place off the coast of Normandy, but had no claer outcome.
What is the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month known as?
Armistice day
What was the first nation to have war declared upon at the very beginnning of WWI?
Serbia
Whihc country was invaved by Germany twice & wanted to stop German agression?
France
What was Hitler's territorial demand right before WWII?
The Polish Corridor
What was the "final solution"
The attempt to exterminate all of Europe's Jews.
What was Hitler's first act of Agression?
When he took the Rhineland in 1936.
Why did each side bomb cities?
TO break the will of the people.
What was the Cash & Carry Policy for?
1939, this policy was designed to allow American merchants to provide loans & ships to the Allies.
What was the Teheran Conference?
This was where they planned their invasion of Normandy.
What was the Atlantic Charter?
This was a document signed by Churchill & Rooselvelt that was similar to Wilson's 14 points.
What was argued at the Potsdam Conference?
This took place in July 1945, and the free elections in Eastern Europe as well as the division of Germany
What was "island hopping"?
This was the main strategy for the American offensive in the Pacific. This was where they took one island and used it as an offensive point to take another island.
What were the two turning points in the war?
In Europe, it was the Battle of Stalingrad, and in the Pacific it was the Battle of Midway.
What is significant about the Battle of the Bulge?
It was Germany's last desperate chance at repelling the Allied forces. However, it only created a small bulge in the Allied lines.
Who was the "Desert Fox"?
This was General Rommel, the German general who led the German offensive in Africa.
Where were the two Atomic bombs dropped?
At Hiroshima and then Nagasaki.
What was the Blitzkrieg?
THis was Hitler's tactic of lightening war, grabbing everything he could before he could be stopped, and also using aerial bombing on Britain.
Who were the Japanses emperor & prime minister?
Hirohito was the emperor and Tojo was the PM.
who was Eisenhower?
The US general who led the forces in Afrrica & then led the D-day invasion.
What was miraculous about Dunkirk?
British civilians were able to pull out hundreds of thousands soldiers from France and safely transport them across the English Channel.
What was the wartime gov't of Russia like?
Tsarina Alexandra took control of all the domestic problems, and soon brought Rasputin in as an advisor.
What was Lenin's April Thesis of 1917.
This outlined a plan for a Russian class war after the Revolution.
What was the Dawes Plan?
This was designed by an American that allowed the Weimar Republic to pay their reaparations on a larger schedule, making the goal easier to reach.
What was the German economy like after WWI?
There was high inflation, large amounts of money was leaving the country, & unemployment was high.
What were the 22 corporations?
This was how Mussolini contorlled Italy and helped boost their economy. He broke Italy up into "corporations" and ran the country like a business.
What was the Anschluss?
This was the union between Austria & the Third Reich. THis helped both sides tremendously, Austria's economy & Germany's strength.
What were some of the goals of Hitler?
They were to promote racial elites (Aryan race), Expand Germany's territorial claims, & reducing employment through a public works program.
What were the Nuremburg laws?
This deprived the Jews of their rights as citizens, by not alowing them to marry non-Jews, leave their occupation, etc.
What was the Easter Rising of 1916?
THis was led by Irish nationalists who wanted home rule.
What is a totalitarian state?
The is where the state controls every aspect of the lives of its people.
HOw did Mussolin gain power?
He threatened to use power in his March on Rome.
Who were the Kulaks?
They were the welthy peasnt farmers who flourished under the NEP, but suffered under collectivization.
What were the three conflicting sides in the Russian civil war?
Red- Communists
White- Liberals & tsar supporters
Green- the peasants
Who headed the Popular Front gov't in France?
Leon Blum
What was the Kellog-Briand Pact
This pact was signed by almost every country & tried to outlaw war.
What was "Bloody Sunday" and what were the results?
In January 1905, peasants marched on the tsar's winter palace to demand worker reforms & a Duma. Many were slaughtered as the guards fired upon the crowd. This resulted in the October Manifesto, granting certain reforms & the creation of a Duma.
What were the Keynesian Economics?
Keynes was a diplomat at the Paris Peace Conference, who predicted the stae that Germany would end up in & published his thoughts in 1919.
What triggered Stalin's Great Purge?
The assassination of Sergei Kirov, who was the head of the military & the most popular figure in the communist party.
Who were the men who competed w/ Stalin for power after Lenin's death?
Lev Borisovitch, Kamenev, & Trotsky.
Who believed that the proletariat should wait until they grew in size before they revolted?
the Mensheviks.
Who were the Big Four after WWI?
Woodro Wilson, George Clemenceau, Vittorio Orlando, & Lloyd George
What happened in Korea?
Japan occupied Korea until 1945 when the 38th parrallel was drawn up and in 1918, the two parties were formed. 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea, but was stopped by the US and the UN
What was the Balfour declaration?
in 1917, the British promised a Jewish homeland.
What was the Cuban Missile crisis?
Russia moved long range missles into cuba, w/in range to attack US.