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178 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Many people believed that the Sacco and Vanzetti case is an example of prejudice based on
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ethnic origin and beliefs.
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Sacco and Vanzetti were viewed with suspicion because they were
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Italian immigrants and anarchists.
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Admission to US in the Emergency Quota Act was based on
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country of ethnic origin.
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What religious movement feared Americans losing traditional values?
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Fundamentalism
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Louis Armstrong introduced an early form of what kind of music?
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Jazz
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True/False?
In the 1920s most African Americans voted republican. |
True
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The science that added to racist theories was known as
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eugenics.
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Where did the debate over science and religion take place in 1925?
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Scopes Monkey Trial
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What was the new music with bold solos and improvisational freedom?
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Jazz
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The “New Morality” emphasized people’s
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youth, wealth and freedom.
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John Scopes was put on trial for teaching
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evolution
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The Twenty-First Amendment repealed
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prohibition
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Who was the Sultan of Swat?
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Babe Ruth
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The flowering of African Americans Arts became known as the
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Harlem Renaissance
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The Universal Negro Improvement Association promoted
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black pride and unity
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True/False?
The 18th Amendment led to an increase in federal police powers? |
True
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What was the Cotton Club?
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A Harlem Nightclub where many got their start.
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KKK membership began to decline because of
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scandals within their leadership
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How were Mexicans affected in the National Origins Act of 1924?
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They were not limited on immigration; many Mexicans emigrated to the US at this time.
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The golden age of Hollywood began in 1927 with the release of
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the first motion picture with sound
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True/False?
The 1920s the automobile had become an accepted part of life. |
True
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Did aviation experience the same post-war boom as the automobile?
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no
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How did Calvin Coolidge become president?
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When Harding died.
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President Coolidge believed in minimal gov’t intervention in business and believed prosperity rested with
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business leadership
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Coolidge’s simple manner was in great contrast to the era known as the
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Roaring 20's.
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The System of manufacturing introduced by Henry Ford was the
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Assembly Line
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What did manufacturers turn to attract new consumers?
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Advertising
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How did Ford increase sales?
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Lowering the cost per car
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The consumer goods industry created many products for
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the home
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What crippled the German economy?
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Reparations
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Coolidge believed in laissez-faire:
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govt. should not interfere with business
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True/False?
Henry Ford increased efficiency by dividing jobs into simple tasks. |
True
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Who was the Ohio Gang?
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A group of Harding’s friends in his cabinet
Whom he gave jobs to. |
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Teapot Dome Scandal
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A govt. official received bribes by allowing companies to lease lands containing Navy Oil Reserves.
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How did Warren Harding win the presidency?
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By promising a return to “normalcy”
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Why did aviation not boom like automobiles?
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They thought it was dangerous.
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How did Americans look to avoid future wars after WWI?
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Stay out of European Affairs
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What was the result of the Dawes Plan?
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Europe’s deeper descent into debt.
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What was a major campaign issue in the Election of 1928?
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Prohibition
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Why did Herbert Hoover have a landslide victory in 1928?
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Prosperity of the 20's
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Buying stocks on borrowed money is known as buying on a
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margin
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True/False?
Before the late 1920s, the stock prices generally reflected the stock’s true value. |
True
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October 29, 1929 the day that stocks took a bog dive is known as
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Black Tuesday
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Because of the crash some banks were forced to
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recall their loans
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How did the Federal Reserve contribute to the Great Depression?
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lowering loan rates
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Why did President Hoover oppose direct federal relief to the unemployed?
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only state and city governments should dole out relief
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Alfred E. Smith endured a smear campaign because he was
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Catholic
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True/False?
Stock prices began to fall because people were selling their stocks. |
True
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True/False?
When a bank collapsed, depositors lost their savings |
True
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In 1932 Great Plains farmers began to lose their crops when the soil
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dried up
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Hoover hoped public works would replace ___ lost in the private sector.
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jobs
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The Bonus Marchers
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marched on Washington DC to give veterans their promised bonus early. Left peacefully when voted down.
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Why did the stock market crash affect banks?
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banks had invested their deposits in the stock market.
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Most economists believe the main cause of the depression was
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overproduction
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What was the first feature length animated movie?
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Snow White and the Seven Dwarves
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Purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation?
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To make loans to banks, railroads, and agricultural institutions.
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Were Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt related?
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Yes.
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What group was most devastated by the depression?
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Farmers
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What was the Hundred Days?
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FDR’s first 100 days in office- enacted 15 major acts of legislation
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Why did many Governors declare “bank holidays”?
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To prevent bank runs.
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The first thing Roosevelt looked to do was restore confidence in the
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banks.
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What was the Securities and Exchanges Commission created for?
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Regulate stock market
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The National Industrial Recovery Act set up
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codes of fair competition
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Schechter vs. United States struck down the
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NIRA
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True/False?
Roosevelt’s advisers favored government intervention in the economy. |
True
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New Nationalism-
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Roosevelt’s advisers who supported “New Nationalism” wanted government to work with business.
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New Freedom
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Wilson's political philosophy of restoring democracy
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What did framers of the Social Security Act see it primarily as?
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An insurance bill
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The Emergency Banking and Relief Act issued ________ to banks that were financially sound.
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licenses
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The Agricultural Adjustment Administration tried to help farmers by
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paying them not to grow crops
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True or False-The Home Owners Loan Corporation only help the employed.
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True.
The HOLC lengthened the mortgage repayment term and lowered rates for the employed. |
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What did Senator Huey Long want in regards to the wealthy?
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Share the wealth of the rich
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How did FDR trigger a recession in 1937?
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He decreased govt spending.
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The two causes for the rise of dictatorships were
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1. peace treaty
2. economic depression |
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Munich Conference & Czechoslovakia:
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France and Great Britain gave in to Hitler’s demands for the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia. Hitler wanted to annex that area because German speaking people inhabited the area.
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True or False?
Fascists are anti-Communist. |
True
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Members of the National Socialist German Workers Party were known as
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Nazis.
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The air battle between Germany and the UK was known as the
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Battle of Britain
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A night of spontaneous rioting and violence by Germans against the Jews.
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Kristallnacht
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The Nazis despised
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Jews, homosexuals, the disabled, gypsies, and Catholics, people of African descent
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Wannsee Conference & Final Solution:
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Hitler’s plan to exterminate the Jews. At Wannsee, they planned the Final Solution.
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In 1941, Hitler launched an invasion of the
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Soviet Union
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Who did FDR send lend-lease aid to help with Japan?
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China
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What did FDR want to build on British land in exchange for Naval Ships?
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U.S. bases on British-held territory
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What brought the U.S. into WWII?
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Attack on Pearl Harbor
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To get around the Maginot Line Germany would have to invade
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Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands
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The Axis Powers
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Germany, Italy, Japan
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The Nuremberg Laws took what away from Jewish Germans?
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Citizenship
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What was the first area that Hitler “unified” with Germany?
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Austria
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The Nazi-Soviet pact contained a deal to split
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Poland
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In the Battle of Britain did the Royal Air Force save
Britain from invasion? |
Yes, with radar.
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Neutrality Act of 1935 –
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illegal to sell arms to countries at war.
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Liberty ships were harder to sink because they were
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welded instead of riveted.
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Why did Japan attack Midway Island?
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To destroy the American fleet.
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As a result of a presidential order allowing any part of the country to be a military zone many Japanese Americans were relocated to
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internment camps
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Blue and Red points were used for
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rationing goods
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Why was Iwo Jima an important objective for the U.S.?
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U.S. planes could bomb Japan from there.
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The U.S. caused major fires in Japan by using what?
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Napalm
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Over 1/3 of all military equipment was produced by what industry?
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Automobile industry
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True or False-The invasion at Omaha Beach went well, unlike the other beaches.
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False
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Double-V Campaign:
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victory over Hitler’s racism abroad and victory over racism at home
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Death March occur?
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Philippines
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Why did Hitler want to capture Stalingrad?
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Destroy USSR’s economy.
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Korematsu vs. United States ruled that the Japanese relocation was __________ l because it was based on urgency.
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constitutiona
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Selective Service and Training:
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men 18 and over had to register for military service
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Britain and America opened a second front in Europe to take pressure off of the
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Soviet Army
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What technology helped turn the tide of the war in the Atlantic?
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Radar
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On June 6, 1944
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100,000 set sail for Normandy. Originally Hitler thought the invasion would be at Pas-de-Calais
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What was the new international organization formed after the war?
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United Nations
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What island was invaded to help in planning an invasion of Japan?
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Okinawa
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V-J Day:
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Victory in Japan Day
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V-E Day:
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victory in Europe day
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Bracero Program:
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Migrant farmworkers became an important part of the Southwest’s agricultural system
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As a result of the Allied attack on Sicily,
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the Italian king had Mussolini arrested.
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What was the Marshall Plan? What was it essential for?
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-A plan to help Western Europe recover.
-Essential for containment |
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What was decided at Yalta, regarding Germany?
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Divided Germany into 4 zones, controlled by USA, Great Britain, France, and USSR
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Korean War—Why did we go there? How did it end?
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-Went there to contain communism
-Ended with containment but no actual victory |
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Why was MacArthur fired during Korean War?
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-Wanted to expand the war with China and use atomic weapons.
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What is NATO and why was it formed?
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-Mutual defense agreement among non-communist countries
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What were Julius & Ethel Rosenberg charged with?
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- passing atomic secrets to the Soviets.
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Potsdam Conference: What did USA want and what did Soviet Union want?
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-USA wanted to allow Germany’s economy to recover
-Soviet Union wanted Germany to pay reparations |
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Define Brinkmanship:
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Practice of using threats in hopes other countries will back down. Eisenhower used this in foreign policy.
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Truman Doctrine:
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policy of containment.
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Rock n Roll grew out of the sound of
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rhythm & blues
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What was the top juvenile crime in the 1950s?
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car theft
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Why did people criticize the suburbs?
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Its lack of diversity
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Many early TV comedies were adapted from
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popular radio shows
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Why did many quiz shows leave the air?
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They turned out to be frauds
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What was the fastest growing industry in the 1950s?
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advertising
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Why did the film industry suffer after the war?
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Popularity of TV
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What new music was good for dancing?
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Rock n roll
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What group of people did TV tend to shut out?
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African Americans
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Who was the king of Rock n Roll?
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Elvis Presley
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By 1957, how many televisions were there in America?
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40 million
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John F Kennedy
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President 1960-1963
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Richard Nixon
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Lost election in 1960 to JFK
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Election of 1960
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television had a major impact with live televised debates
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New Frontier
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JFK’s program for a better society and to improve the economy
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Lyndon B Johnson
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JFK’s VP, president after JFK is assassinated
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Great Society
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LBJ’s program for a “perfect society”
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Medicare
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health insurance for the elderly
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Medicaid
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health insurance for low-income families
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Johnson’s war on poverty
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LBJ created programs to fight a war on poverty
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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a period of time where the US was brought to the brink of nuclear war
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Bay of Pigs
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an attempt to unseat Castro as Cuba’s leader; complete failure
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Warren Commission
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concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone
Lee Harvey Oswald – JFK’s assassin |
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Office of Economic Opportunity
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created to coordinate new programs to fight poverty
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Where did Kennedy want Congress to invest more money?
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Space race and defense
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is a pseudo-science that deals with the improvement of hereditary traits.
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Eugenics
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Stylish, unconventional American women of the 1920s who dressed in attire considered too revealing by previous generations were called
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Flappers
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During prohibition, people flocked to secret bars called ____________________, where they could purchase alcohol.
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Speakeasies
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Radio, movies, newspapers, and magazines aimed at a broad, popular audience are all examples of ____________________.
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Mass Media
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The movement of hundreds of thousands of African Americans from the rural South to industrial cities in the North was called the ____________________.
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Great Migration
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_____________________ was a style of music influenced by Dixieland music and ragtime.
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Jazz
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The New York City neighborhood of ____________________ was the center of the African American artistic and creative outpouring of the 1920s.
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Harlem
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Warren G. Harding ran for president on the campaign slogan to return to ____________________.
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Normalcy
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____________________, or large-scale product manufacturing usually by machinery, created more supply and reduced consumer costs.
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Mass Production
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Many consumers in the 1920s began to feel confident that they could buy now and pay later, so many bought everything from radios to cars on the ____________________ plan.
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Installment
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many depositors withdrawing money at once stock market crash
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Bank Run
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homeless wanderers who often rode the rails
drought-related conditions in the Great Plains |
Hobos
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system for buying and selling shares of companies
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Stock Market
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loss of property due to nonpayment of the mortgage
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Foreclosed
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buying now and making payments each month
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Installment plan
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communities of makeshift shacks on public lands investing in the stock market hoping for a quick profit
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shantytowns
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spending more than is collected in taxes
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budget deficit
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created out of fear that the nation was falling behind in scientific research
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NASA
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border separating North Korea and South Korea
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38th parallel
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Era of confrontation between the U.S. and Soviet Union
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Cold War
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deadly radiation left over after a nuclear blast
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fallout
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The first artificial satellite to orbit the earth was called ______.
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Sputnik
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At the ____________________ Conference, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agreed to issue the Declaration of Liberated Europe.
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Yalta
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The ____________________ was an imaginary line that separated the Communist nations of Eastern Europe from the West.
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Iron Curtain
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Black Tuesday
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October 29, 1929. the day that the stocks took a big dive
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Dust Bowl
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a series of dust storms
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Speculation
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a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)
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Containment
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Foreign policy designed to contain or block Soviet expansion; primary US foreign policy from 1947 to 1989
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Satellite Nations
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Countries under control of USSR serving as a buffer
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What group did the Soviets later form to oppose NATO?
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Warsaw Pact
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