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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give an example of state intervention in the economy during the Quiet Revolution. |
Electricity was Nationalized |
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Name the 2 Parties that merged in in 1936 to create the Union Nationale. |
1. Conservative Party 2. Action Livreal Nationale |
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In the 1920's, despite the appearance of the Catholic unions, the majority of uninons in Quebec were members of 'International' or 'National' union federations. What were the countries of origin of the members of these union federation? |
-United States -Canada |
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What were the 2 priorities of the Trade Union Movement during this period? |
-Job Security -Salary Increases |
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2 Sectors of the economy that grew significantly thanks to the war. |
-Automobile -Communications |
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What drove the French Canadians to settle in the U.S. in the 19th Century? |
-Lack of good farm land -Lack of jobs in Canadian Cities |
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2 currents of thought in Quebec that were strengthened as a result of Ottawa centralizing powers and the conscription debate. |
-French Canadian Nationalism -Provincial automatism |
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2 laws important to the working class population of Quebec that were adopted by the Provincial government at the beginning of the 20th century. |
-Workman's Compensation Act -Public Assistance Law |
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Two types of non-aboriginal people could be found in the Far North a of the 19th century? |
-Missionaries -Representatives of trading companies |
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3 Powers of provincial Government has: |
1. Civil Law 2. Municipal Laws 3. Education |
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The 3 Province whose territory is completely covered by the treaties concluded between 1850-1929. |
-Saskatchewan -Manitoba -Alberta ` |
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2 Powers shared between Provincial and Federal Government |
-Agriculture -Immigration |
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2 Factors that explained why Federal Government decided to organize a referendum on the questions of Conscription. |
-Low level of voluntary enlistment -Pressure from Canadian military leaders |
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4 powers the Federal Government has: |
-Criminal Law -Aboriginal Peoples -Money and Banking -Indirect Taxes |
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2 new taxes created to finance the war effort |
-Personal income tax Corporate income-tax |
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3 examples of Quebec and Canada's population's participation in the war effort |
-Enlisting in the army -Rationing and Recycling -Buying Victory Bonds |
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Other than patriationg the Constitution, name 2 main sections of this Constitutional Law |
- The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms -A Formula to Amend the Constitution |
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According to agriculturists, what 3 values are reinforced by a new way of life? |
-Family -Work -Religion |
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What was new in the New Deal Policy proposed by Roosevelt in the United States and Bennett in Canada? |
Governments advocated an increased presence of the state in economic and social affairs. |
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What economic event led governments to reconsider the Welfare State model? |
-The recession at the beginning of the 80's |
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What criticism was made of Robert Bourassa in regards to having signed the Charlottetown Accord? |
-Not having obtained the 5 conditions that he himself laud down in 1985 and were included in the Meech Lack Accord. |
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What 4 methods did the Quebec government use to reduce spending and increase revenues? |
-Privatizing -Wage Freezes -Reduction in Social Programs -Taxation |
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What Country joined the agreement in 1992? |
Mexico |
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What yeas did Canada conclude a free-trade agreement with the U.S.? |
1989 |
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2 factors that influenced the increase in Union membership in the 1960's. |
-New Labour Code was Adopted -State took over Public Services |
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2 main methods the Bourassa government hoped would create jobs |
-Attract foreign investment -Construction Hydro-Electric Dams in James Bay |
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Assembly of Province of Canada adopted the Confederation Plan. |
March 1866 |
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What was the Law adopted in 1909 to improve workers' conditions. |
Workman's Compensation Act |
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2 main Causes of the decrease in Unions' power starting in the early 1980's? |
-International Competition -Slowdown of Economic Growth |
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What was the Unions' priority in these new circumstances? |
Preserving Jobs |
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On what political issues was Cite Libre's federalist current in agreement with l'Action National an Le Devoir's new Nationalism? |
-Rejection of Duplessis' traditionalism -Social and Economic progress ` |
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The Government measure that granted the public sector Union the strike |
New Labour Code |
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In what year did most of the public Sectors Unions obtain the right to strike |
1964 |
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2 organizations that can be linked to Sovereigntism |
-Parti Quebecois -Parti Paris |
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Name the new Political Movement that grew in Quebec over the course of the 1960's |
Sovereigntism |
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The type of Nationalism prevalent in the Lesage government and during the Quiet Revolution was.... |
-Autinomist -Reformist |
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2 Examples of New State interventions in Social issues at the beginning of the 1960's (Other than the creation of new Ministries) |
-Hospitalization Insurance -Financing of School Transport |
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2 Examples of the Duplessis government's autonomous policies |
-Opposing Family Allowance -Creating Provincial Income-tax |
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3 aspects of Duplessis' policies aimed at encouraging foreign investment |
-Social Order -Political Stability -Tax System generous to industry |
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3 measures taken by the Duplessis government to promote agricultural modernization |
-Schools for agriculture -Rural Electrification -Support for Agricultural Cooperatives |
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3 Sectors of the economy where a large concentration of ownership can be found |
-Electricity -pulp and Paper -Finance |
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3 of the new regions of Quebec that were affected by industrialization at the beginning of the 20th century. |
-Abitibi -Eastern Township -Maurice |
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What economic Phenomenon in part cancelled out salary hike? |
Inflation |
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2 Examples of the Duplessis government's nationalism |
- Adopted new flag for Quebec - Introduced a Provincial income-tax |
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2 Social groups where opposition to Duplessis regime was concentrated. |
- The Unions - Artists |
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Name 2 Social groups from which the Union National obtained it main support |
-The Clergy -Small Business owners |
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What is the clause in the Constitution of 1982 that was used by the Bourassa government to maintain French Unilingualism for exterior commercial signs (Bill 178) |
The notwithstanding clause |
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Name the memorable even in Quebec Trade Union history that accused in the spring of 1972 |
First Common Front Strike |
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2 measures that helped finance the modernization of Quebec's agricultural sector |
- Low interest rates - Government grants |
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What change explains why unions became stronger during WWII? |
Full employment |
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What year did the Quebec government pass a law setting a minimum wage? |
1937 |
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Why was there a return to full employment at the beginning of the 1940's? |
Increase of federal government expenditures as a result of the war |
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Through which 3 colonies would the inter-colonial railway pass? |
-Province of Canada -New Brunswick -Novascotia |
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Why did some Americans advocate invading the Province of Canada at the beginning of the 1890's? |
-To get back for the help that Great Britain gave the South during the Civil War -To get new territories rich in resources |
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What were the 3 powers of the Rowell-Sirois Commission recommended that the federal government be granted? |
- Family allowance - Unemployment insurance - Direct taxation |
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The U.S. played a very important role in the 2nd phase of the industrialization because of the investment American companies made in Quebec and Canada. What was the other aspect of the U.S.' economic importance. |
The U.S. was the largest market for exporting Canadian Products |
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What Repercussions did the Crisis have on the workforce? |
Many people emigrated to the U.S. to find work |
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Name the measure the federal government used to borrow 2 billion dollars from the population |
Victory Bonds |
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3 elements of the National Policy |
-Building the railway West -Encouraging immigration -Raising customs tarrifs |
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2 examples of Canadian involvement in the affairs of the British Empire before 1914 |
- Sending soldiers to fight in the Boer War - Builsing ships for the British Navy |
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What type if industry developed in the Far North in the Post- War period? |
Iron and Titanium Mines |
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Other than giving women the right to vote, name 3 reforms adopted by Godbout's Liberal government |
- Creation of Hydro-Quebec - Creation the Ministry of Health and Welfare - Law of compulsory public education until 14 years old |
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What was the main effect of the 1939-1945 war on Canadian Federalism? |
A greater centralization of powers at the federal level |
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The main argument against confederation put forth by the Rouges in Canada East |
They saw in Confederations "Centralized government" |
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There were 2 waves of general strike in the spring of 1972. The first was the result of a common front strategy in the public sector. What was the reason for the second wave? |
A protest against the imprisonment of the union leaders |
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When did PEI join confederation? |
1873 |
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3 major industrial sectors in Quebec at the end of the 19th century |
- Everyday consumer products - Forest industry - Heavy industry link to railways |
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3 measures taken by governments to cope with the consequences of the economic crisis |
- Public works - Work camps - Direct aid |
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In 1900, 2/3 of the inhabitants of Quebec lived in in rural setting. From 1930 on, over 2/3 lived in cities. What economic change explains this population shift known as "Urbanization"? |
Industrialization |
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In what year did the USSR and the U.S. enter the war? |
1941 |
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In what text did Great Britain officially grant Canada its complete independence in matters of feign policy? |
The Statutes of Westminster |
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Parliament in London passed the BNA act |
March 1867 |
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What was the main effect if the Depression on agriculture in Quebec? |
Slowed the process of mechanizing forms |
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2 aspects of the U.S. hold on the Quebec economy? |
- Investment by American companies that opened branches in Quebec or that bought Canadian/Quebec businesses. - Exporting Quebec products to the American market. |
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5 Constitutions laid down by Robert Bourassa (Liberal) in order for Quebec to sign the Canadian Constitution? |
- Right to veto Constitutional changes - Recognition of Quebec as a distinct society - Restriction of federal spending power - Participation of Quebec in appointing judges to the Supreme court. - More important role in matters of Immigration |
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3 types of activities that lead to the Aboriginals' loss of hunting lands. |
- Industrialization - Commercialization of hunting and fishing - Expansion of agricultural lands |
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The Catholic clergy and French Canadian Nationalists were alarmed by their fellow citizens' massive emigration to the U.S... What solution did they propose? |
- Agricultural settlement of new regions in the territory of Quebec |
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2 Provinces where the minority's right to Catholic education was denied by the provincial government at the end of the 19th century |
- New Brunswick - Manitoba |
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Which Premier of Quebec developed a policy of promoting the autonomy of the Provinces within confederation? |
Honore Mercier |
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What 2 elements of the National Policy sparked the Metis revolts? |
- Expansion of settlement to the West - Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway |
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What ideology was predominant among French Canadians? |
Canadian Nationalism |
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What political ideology was predominant among English Canadians? |
Loyalty to the British Kingdoms Imperialism |
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Poll Tax |
The minimum amount of land or revenue needed required to have the right to vote |
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In what year did the Metis obtain the creation of the Province of Manitoba from the Federal Government? |
1870 |
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Give an example of the MacDonald government's interference in provincial affairs |
In 10 years, they disallowed 29 laws passed by the Legislative Assembly of Ontario |
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Indian Act |
"An Act Respecting Indians" 1867 |
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British North America Act (BNA Act) |
July 1st 1867 |
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According the the Laurendeau-Dunton commission, what was the fundamental principle of Canadian Confederation? |
- Equality between the 2 founding peoples (French and English) |
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To what political party did Rene Levesque and the founders of the Sovereignty-Association movement initially belong? |
The Quebec Liberal Party |
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Of the 2 parties involved in the conflict in Saint-Leonard, which side was supported by the Bertrand government Bill 63? |
- The parents of Italian origin |
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In the Parti Quebecois' Sovereignty association project. What kind of "association" with Canada was envisioned? |
Economic |
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Name the doctrine affirming the Catholic church's and the pope's authority over Civil Society. |
Ultramontanism |
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Quebec Conference |
October 1864 |
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Charlottetown Conference |
September 1864 |
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Name the model of Society that was predominant in the Western world from that time of WWII and that was questioned as of the early 1980's |
The Welfare State |
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What were the 3 main political Parties that participated in consultation process that led to the 2nd referendum on Quebec Sovereignty? |
-Parti Quebecois -Bloc Quebecois -ADQ |
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In what year did French become the sole official language of Quebec? |
1974 |
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In what year did the census ascertain that the population of Quebec's cities was greater than that of the province's countryside? |
1921 |
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What decision taken by the federal government in 1917 stirred up the opposition of French Canadians to the point of causing a riot in Quebec. |
Conscription |
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The stock market panic of October 1929 marked the beginning of the Depression. Name 2 reasons that prompted shareholders to get rid of their securities. |
- Lowered production - Numerous corporate bankruptcies |
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Name the element of the National Policy that matches each aspect in developing the domestic market. Territory, Population, Communications and Transportation, and National Industries |
Territory- Westward expansion Population- European immigration Communications and transportation- Construction of railway to the pacific National Industries- Increased customs tariffs |
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2 Provinces that didn't ratify the Meech Lake Accord |
- Newfoundland - Manitoba |
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What year was hiring girls under 14 and boys under 12 was banned |
1885 |
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When they formed the Great Coalition in 1864, what did Brown's Clear Grits aquire? |
Proportional Representation at Federal level |
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Name 3 means the Federal Government had at its disposal to promote the centralization of power within Confederation. |
- Has the power to annul a Provincial Law - Holds the main source of revenue - Has residual powers |
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When the Great Coalition in 1864, what did MacDonald's Tories acquire? |
Many powers for the Federal Government |
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When the Great Coalition of 1864 was formed what did George - Etienne Cartier's Blues acquire? |
Provincial government for French Canadians |
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What party held a majority in the 2 regions of the Province of Canada until 1850? |
The Reformist |
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Give 2 examples of values by opposition groups during the Duplessis reign that inspired the Lesage Government in the early 1960's |
- Social Justice - Individual Freedom |
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What were the 2 main criticisms that part of the French Canadian elite had to make against capitalism? |
- They disapprove of monopolies - Believed that English Canadian and American Capitalists were hostile to French Canadians |
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In Quebec cities during the beginning of the 20th century, poverty among workers and the unemployment was usually dramatic. What measures were taken by the government in 1921 to cope with this situation? |
Passing law on public welfare |
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3 factors that promoted economic growth in Canada in the post-war period |
- Reconstruction of Europe - Accumulation of savings in the household - Development of new technologies |
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2 Examples of new product in the food industry that were developed in Quebec from 1870 onward. |
- Fruits and Vegetables - Dairy products - Peas |
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Why did companies want to avoid competition by creating cartels or monopolies? |
- To make more profits - Impose higher prices |
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What best Describes how higher customs duties promoted the development of National industries? |
The customs tariff increased the price of imported goods, which gave a competitive advantage to National enterprises. |
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When did BC join Confederation |
1871 |
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What was the alternative to emigration proposed by the Clergy and the Nationalist camps? |
Settlement of new agricultural territories in Quebec |
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Name the sector of the economy that was Nationalized following the 1962 election |
Hydro-electricity |
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Name the main product Canada had been exporting to Europe and the United States markets when the economic crisis began. |
Europe- Agricultural Products U.S.- News print and Timber |
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What was suppose to have been the main topic of the Charlottetown conference? |
The union of the Atlantic Colonies |
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The symptom of the economic crisis that caused the stock market crash of 1929 and that was worsened by the crash itself |
- More bankruptcies - More companies closing |
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In what year was the FTQ founded? |
1957 |
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What was promised by Pierre Trudeau, during the 1980 referendum campaign? |
A process leading to renewal of Canadian Constitution |
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What memorable event in Canada's journey to the status of independent country happened in 1931? |
The statues of Westminster proclaimed into effect |
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What memorable even in Canada's journey to the statue of independent country happened in 1926? |
Balfour Report |
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What country provided mot of the foreign capital in Quebec during the industrialization of Quebec? |
Great Britain |
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2 regions where there was a great deal of poverty during the Duplessis era |
- Gaspe - Abitibi |
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In1929, from what institutions could the poor and unemployment seek help? |
Private charities |
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Why were aboriginal communities hit particularly hard by the depression? |
Because they were hardly integrated into society when the cirisis hit, so they were the first to be pushed aside |
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2 large export markets for Canadian products that became closed at the beginning of the economic crisis of the 1930's |
- Europe - United States |
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2 reasons why the children of working class families had to work |
- Cost of living for the working- class families was too high - The salaries were too low for just one person working to keep the family alive |
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Which government was responsible for protecting the rights of religious minorities and for adopting laws, if rights were threatened? |
Federal Government |
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2 sectors of the army where there were few French Canadians? |
Technical units Upper rank (officers) |
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In what way did the Iroquois federation demonstrate its independence during WWII |
Declaring war on Nazi Germany and Japan |
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3 sectors where the church involved began to be challenged |
- Education - Health - Helping the poor and destitude |
