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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Father of the Constitution
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James Madison
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Virginia Plan
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proposed scrapping the Articles completely and creating a new national government with power to make laws and raise taxes
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New Jersey Plan
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proposed modifying Articles to give Congress more power
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Connecticut Compromise
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created a compromise for those against VA plan. Congress would divide into two houses: House of Representatives and Congress
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3/5 Compromise
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every 5 enslaved people would count as 3 free people for determining representation and taxes. States who used this would be taxed
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limited government
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government is not all powerful
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amendments
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changes to the Constitution
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Federalists
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pro-ratification; believed in a strong national government with checks and balances and some shared power with the states
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Anti-Federalists
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anti-ratification; believed Constitution gave too much power at national level and too little at state and local levels. Believed Bill of Rights was needed to protect people's individual rights
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Principles of the Constitution (7)
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popular sovereignty, republicanism, limited gov't, federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, individual rights
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branches of gov't
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legislative-makes laws; executive-carries out laws; judicial-interprets laws
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citizen's rights (3)
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protected from unfair actions of the government, right to receive equal treatment, right to retain basic freedoms
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citizen's duties (4) and responsibilities (3)
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obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, jury duty
become informed, know your rights, vote |
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VA Declaration of Rights
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guaranteed all Virginians freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to bear arms and right to trial by jury
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VA Statue for Religious Freedom
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declared VA no longer had an official church and state could no longer collect taxes for churches (jefferson)
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Northwest Ordinance
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law created new territory north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi; created Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, Illinois and Indiana; outlawed slavery
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Shay's Rebellion
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farmers rebelled when Massachusetts decided to raise taxes to pay off its debts; Daniel Shays; fighting occurred between farmers and 4,000 volunteers, troops ended the rebellion
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Constitutional Convention
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task was to balance the rights and aspirations of the states with the need for a stronger national government; founders-55 delegates that attend; RI did not attend; Washington was chairman
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popular sovereignty
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authority of the people
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republicanism
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people elect representatives and give them the responsibility to make laws and conduct government
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federalism
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federal government allows the people of each state to deal with their needs in their own way
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separation of powers
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3 branches of government to prevent any single group from gaining too much authority
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checks and balances
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each branch can check or limit the power of the other branches
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individual rights
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bill of rights and amendments
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judicial review
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gives supreme court ultimate authority to interpret meaning of the Constitution
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Articles of Confederation weaknesses
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Congress had no power to tax
no power to enforce treaties no power to regulate commerce required unanimous vote of states provided no judicial or executive branch |
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law for voluntary freeing of slaves
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manumission
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