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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mohenjo-Daro/Harappa
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-largest cities of India
-grid streets -drain systems -no large defensive fortifications |
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Lothal
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-stone dock
-major port of exit and entry -helped facilitate cultural exchange |
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Harappan collapse
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-internally generated
-no sure explanation -earthquake? -toxic soil? -disease? |
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Aryans
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-indo europeans
-caste system -warriors -polytheistic |
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indo-europeans
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-groups of languages
-english, modern european, latin, greek, sanskrit, persian |
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rigveda
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-aryan book of hymns/important writings
-religion, ritual, philosophy |
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vedic age
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-caste system
-polytheism -aryans |
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caste system
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-brahmin (priests)
-kshatriya (warriors) -vaishya (artisans/merchants) -shudra (working class) -outcastes (untouchables) -varna, no one could interact unless on business outside of caste |
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brahmanism
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-focus on sacrifice
-relationships with gods -fire is important -proper ritual -samsara/karma/moksha |
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samsara
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-transmigration of souls by a continual process of rebirth
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karma
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-tally of good and bad deeds that determined status of an individual's next life
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brahman
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-unchanging, ultimate reality
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mahavira and jainism
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-all things are alive and suffer
-the point is to not make anything suffer more than you have to -starvation -founded an order of monks -a wandering holy man |
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siddartha gautama
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-buddha
-founder of buddhism -left wealthy home to journey after enlightenment |
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buddhism
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-nirvana
-end of wheel of life -four noble truths -eightfold path |
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nirvana
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-blissful nothingness
-freedom from reincarnation |
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four noble truths
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-pain and suffering part of life
-caused by human desires -can understand and triumph over -follow eightfold path |
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eightfold path
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-recognize universal suffering
-decide to free themselves from it -right conduct -right speech -right livelihood -right endeavor -right awareness -right contemplation |
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dharma
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-moral law
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Mahayana buddhism
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-inclusive form of the religion
-drew on secret set of discourses -reality is empty -reality is consciousness |
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hinduism
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-caste system
-vedas are sacred revelations -polytheistic -moral laws |
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Persian impact on India
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-how to rule large tracts of land and numbers of people
-minting silver coins -monetary standards -aramaic script |
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Chandragupta Maurya
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-founder of mauryan empire
-controlled most of india through delegation -bureaucracy and taxation -regulations |
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Ashoka
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-grandson of Chandragupta
-embraced and promoted buddhism -pilgrimages -erected stupas (mounds) -morality |
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Kushan
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-ruled today's Afghanistan, Pakistan, and part of India
-cultural exchange -defeated shakas in northern india |
