History Chapter 15: The Acceleration Of Global Contact

Front 1

monsoon

Back 1

predictable indian ocean winds that carried ships across the ocean

Front 2

bride wealth

Back 2

in southeast asia, a sum of money paid by the groom to the bride that remained under her control

Front 3

indian ocean trade

Back 3

stimulated by the collapse of the silk road and originating in the indian ocean, this trade launched the age of commerce

Front 4

ottoman turks/constantinople

Back 4

under sultan mohammed II, these people took control of this city in 1453

Front 5

portuguese explorations

Back 5

objectives were historic iberian crusade to christianize mulims, search for gold, search for overseas route to the spice markets of india, and search for mythical christian ruler of ethiopia, prester john

Front 6

motives for explorations

Back 6

conversion of pagans to christianity, seek fortune, curiosity, spices, material profit

Front 7

christopher columbus

Back 7

explorer endorsed by ferdinand and isabella to find a water route to india; credited with the discovery of america

Front 8

hernando cortes

Back 8

spanish adventurer that entered tenochtitlan, took the emperor into custody, destroyed the monarchy, gained complete control of the mexica capital, and extended jurisdiction over much of the aztec empire

Front 9

francisco pizarro

Back 9

explorer who landed on the northern coast of peru, trapped and killed atahualpa, and took control of the inca empire

Front 10

montezuma II

Back 10

aztec emperor who attempted reform to stop constant warfare; captured by the spaniards

Front 11

atahualpa

Back 11

ruler of the incas who wanted to destroy the spaniards but was instead trapped and killed by pizarro

Front 12

matteo ricci

Back 12

Jesuit who sought to convert the chinese emperor and then the chinese through gradual assimilation

Front 13

saint francis xavier

Back 13

jesuit missionary to the japanese who won many converts in two years

Front 14

the columbian exchange

Back 14

exchange of goods between many countries that resulted in adoption and production of goods in those countries

Front 15

encomienda system

Back 15

system in which the spanish crown granted the conquerors the right to employ groups of amerindians as agricultural or mining laborers or as tribute payers

Front 16

bartolome de las casas

Back 16

franciscan missionary who asserted that the amerindians had human rights and pressured emperor charles v to abolish the worst abuses of the encomienda system

Front 17

atlantic slave trade

Back 17

trade of slaves between countries with the indian ocean serving as a major conduit

Front 18

spanish gold and silver imports

Back 18

spanish power and wealth rested largely on influx of precious metals from america

Front 19

viceroyalties

Back 19

administrative divisions of spain's new world territories

Front 20

rites controversy

Back 20

dispute over ritual between the jesuits and other roman catholic religious orders that sparked a crisis