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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reconquista
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-Spanish effort to drive out Muslims
-long time, last city=Granada, fell -led to Inquisition, court, kept 1 religion |
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1st Crusade
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-Religious outbreak
-Peter the Hermit (monk) traveled town-by-town preaching -Group of People, peasants mostly, head to Holy Land -Walter the Penniless (knight) led group, thousands died -Un-successful |
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2nd Crusade
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-Mamluk general unites Turks and Arabs to attack Christian kingdom
-Pope ordered Bernard of Claivaux to preach a second crusade -King and Queen of France, and King of Germany together -Un-successful |
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3rd Crusade
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-Henry II, Richard, Phillip II, Frederick I swear crusade vows
-Delayed arrival, only Richard and Phillip made it to Holy Land -Won over area, compromised who took power -Successful |
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4th Crusade
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-Pope Innocent II called for another crusade
-Not enough crusaders, seized port of Zara -Pope Innocent excommunicated Venetians, forbade attack (came too late) -Un-successful |
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Children's Crusade
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-Stephen (boy) claims Jesus came to him, thousands of kids go to his banner
-Message = strong, no weapons, purely for love of God -Lost/put to slavery, most killed when sent back |
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Commercial Revolution
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-increase in trade, mainly in towns
-lots of trade routes, ships/ports -risks taken, Bill of Exchange made -Letters of Credit made -lending money as Christians=usury(sin), eased up later |
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Magna Carta
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-document, guaranteed basic political rights, keep noble's power in check
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Gothic Architecture
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-upward, to heaven
-stained glass -sculpture |
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Guilds
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-group of people in same business trying to improve conditions of lives
-raft, merchant, set standards |
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Great Schism
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-2 popes, French and Italian
-excommunicated each other |
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Parliament
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-2 knights and 2 wealthy people from each country
-parliament=legislative group |
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Estates- General
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-Church leaders=1st, great lords=2nd, commoners=3rd
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100 years war
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-last Capetian king died (no successor), Edward III took power
-French vs. England - 1337-1453 -French won |
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Weapons
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-hand to hand -- long range
-longbow and cannon made -cavalry used more |
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Social order
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-out of feudal into free
-middle class and nobles got closer |
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Trade
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-complex business (international)
-rice -- metals / cloth -became a custom |
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Education
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-translations made
-schools and universities made -boys and girls combined |
