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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why was France a latecomer to colonization in North America? |
Mainly due to religious conflicts |
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Samuel de Champlain |
claimed Quebec for France which earned him the title “Father of New France”
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Marquette and Joliet |
catholic missionaries who explored the upper MS river and also made claims for France
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Robert de LaSalle |
went all the way down the MS river to the Gulf of Mexico; claimed all of the land touching the river and its tributaries for France; named it Louisiana in honor of Louis XIV
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Who formed the Ohio company and what did they do? |
a group of business men from Virginia; they claimed land in the Ohio River Valley |
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Largest French Fort in Ohio River Valley |
Fort Duquesne |
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Robert Dinwiddie |
governor of Virginia; sent George Washington with a small group of militia to drive the French out of the Ohio valley; Washington and his men were unsuccessful when fighting broke out starting the French and Indian War
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Where all did the war spread? |
West Indies, the Philippines, and Africa |
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What did Europe call the war? |
7 Years War |
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Albany Plan of Union |
proposed by Benjamin Franklin; called for the colonies to join together and develop a system of self rule; was rejected by the colonists and Britain but was important because it became a model for later government
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Edward Braddock |
British general that was sent with 2000 men to capture Fort Duquesne; he and 976 of his men were killed; this victory for the French set off Indian attacks from Pennsylvania to North Carolina
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William Pitt |
elected Prime Minister of Great Britain in 1758; convinced parliament ti raise taxes and borrow money; allowed him to hire Frederick of Prussia to fight the French in Europe so that the British army could concentrate on North America
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Where did the British invade after early losses? |
Canada and they began taking over French forts |
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James Wolfe |
British general that attacked Quebec and defeated the French after fierce fighting; was killed along with Marquis de Moncalm (french commander) in the fighting so the French agreed to work out a treaty |
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Treaty of Paris 1763 |
ended the French and Indian War; had 2 major terms: 1. France gave Canada and all land east of the MS river except for New Orleans to Britain 2. France gave all land west of the Mississippi River including New Orleans to Spain
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What did Americans do after the French left? |
They began moving into the Ohio River Valley and the Indian tribes there became concerned |
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Pontiac |
Chief of the Ottowas; led several tribes in a rebellion to prevent further loss of land to the white men; they were given blankets infested with smallpox by the British and the rebellion soon ended
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Proclamation of 1763 |
prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mtns.
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George Grenville |
new prime minister of Great Britain that believed the Americans should pay their share of Britain’s debt from the war; ordered that the government strictly enforce the Navigation Acts
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Sugar Act |
increased the tax on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies; the Americans resented this tax because it was to make money not regulate trade
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Quartering Act |
required the colonists to provide food and housing for British troops
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Stamp Act |
placed a tax on all printed material such as legal documents, newspapers, and playing cards; they required to have a stamp to prove that the tax had been paid
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Patrick Henry |
introduced resolutions stating that the House of Burgesses alone had the power to tax the Virginians
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Stamp Act of Congress |
representatives from 9 colonies met in New York City; they petitioned parliament and the king to repeal the tax or else they would boycott British goods
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Sons of Liberty |
group organized to oppose the Stamp Act and enforce the boycott; their main leader was Samuel Adams; parliament repealed the Stamp Act
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Declaratory Act |
passed on the same day the Stamp Act was repealed; stated that parliament had the power to make any laws governing the American colonies
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Townshend Acts |
passed in 1767; taxed glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea imported into the colonies; the Americans were angry about the tax but they were more upset about the fact that British officials could use writs of assistance
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Writs of Assistance |
general search warrants that allowed officials to search a person or his property at will |
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Thomas Gage |
protests grew so much that he was sent with 2 regiments to Boston to calm things down |
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The Boston Massacre |
on March 5, 1770, 60 colonists surrounded 10 redcoats in front of the Boston Customs House; there was a physical confrontation and the British opened fire; 5 people were killed and 11 were wounded
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