History Ch.3-4

Front 1

What role did geography play in the development of Greek civilization?

Back 1

It separated the two cultures so much that they thought of themselves as separate countries, with it's own way of life it thought was the best. And for most of history the Greeks fought among themselves so much that most people didn't realize they spoke the same language and worshiped the same gods.

Front 2

Who was Pericles? Under his governorship what were accomplishments/results?

Back 2

Politician from Athens for 30 years

Leads Athens into its Golden Ageappointed people based on ability and not social classmade athens more democratic encouraged trade

Front 3

Greek Dark Ages: Why do anthropologists and historians believe it began and how did it impact the Greeks?

Back 3

they believe Greece entered a difficult period in which population declined and food production dropped

Front 4

Where was the earliest Aegean civilization?

Back 4

crete

Front 5

Sparta: Location?

Back 5

southern ploponnesus

Front 6

Society in Sparta was..

Back 6

organized so both men and women could spend a lot of time on their physical health to produce perfect babies women were pretty accepted.Males were mature at the age of 30 and could vote at age 30. Spartan assembly was open to any man over the age of 30. males taken to the military at age 7 and returned at age 18.

Front 7

Corinth: Location?

Back 7

The narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnesus to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta

Front 8

Athens: Location?

Back 8

peninsula of attica

Front 9

Mycenaean civilization – earliest origins. Who founded and approximately when? Characterized by ? Who discovered it?

Back 9

The Mycenaean Greeks were part of the Indo-European family and were flourished around 1600-1100 BC. Henrich Schliemann

Front 10

Homer’s contribution to the Greeks

Back 10

Homer is one of the greatest Greek poets and is the author of Iliad and odyssey

Front 11

Polis: What was it?

Back 11

A polis was the central point for a city or a town and it's surrounding countryside. It is where the citizens met for social, political, and religious activities.

Front 12

Hoplites?

Back 12

Heavily armed infantrymen who wore bronze or leather helmets, breast mats, short sword, and a thrusting spear, 9 feet long

Front 13

Greek colonization occurred because..

Back 13

1. diffusion of greek culture through mediterranean

2. increased trade and industry

3.greater sense of greek identity

Front 14

Tyrants: How did they come to power, from what group did they emerge? Usually served as transitional role from oligarchy to

Back 14

Tyrants achieved power by a local d'état and marinated it by using mercenary soilders.

Front 15

Delian League: Why formed, who in control, and what were the consequences of after its usefulness expired?

Back 15

The Delian league: was dominated by Athens from the beginning; main headquarters was the island of Delos. The Delian league was rapidly becoming an instrument of Athenian imperialism.

Front 16

Athenian Aristocrat who seized power and created a tyranny

Back 16

Pisistratus

Front 17

Who was Cleisthenes?

Back 17

Noble and political of Athens who helped establish its democratic procedures

Front 18

Marathon?

Back 18

Is a town in Greece and is known for the battle of marathon in which the Athens beat the Persians

Front 19

Thermopylae

Back 19

A famous battle in 480 BC a Greek army under Leonidas was destroyed by the Persians who were trying to conquer Greece

Front 20

Peloponnesian War: What why, when, who, where

Back 20

What: A war phot between two leading cities Athens and Sparta

Why: spartans fear the growth of Athens power

When: 431 B.C.E

Who: Athens and Sparta

where: sparta

Front 21

Herodotus

Back 21

Inching Greek historian who set the pace for history to be written. Known as "father of history" or "father of lies"

Front 22

Thucydides

Back 22

Pointed out that the fundamental long-range cause of the war in 431 B.C.E. was a fear that Athens and it's empire inspired Sparta

Front 23

Aeschylus

Back 23

The first tragedian whose plays are known to us for the first Greek dramas and were tragedies and based on suffering of a hero and usually ending a disaster

Front 24

Oresteia

Back 24

a trilogy of Greek tragedies written by Aeschylus concerning the murder of Agamemnon by Clytaemnestra, the murder of Clytaemnestra by Orestes, the trial of Orestes, the end of the curse on the House of Atreus and pacification of the Erinyes.

Front 25

Sophocles

Back 25

Play writer was most famous play is the odepus the king

Front 26

Euripides

Back 26

Play writer that wrote about Tragedy and moved beyond his ability of creating more realistic character his best play is known as "the Bacchae"

Front 27

Lycurgus

Back 27

Lycurgus was the legendary lawgiver of Sparta who established the military-oriented reformation of Spartan society in accordance with the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi.

Front 28

Socrates

Back 28

Was a stonemason but his true love was philosophy who believe that the goal of education was only to improve the individual. he created the socratic method which employs a question answer technique

Front 29

Archimedes

Back 29

The most famous of scientists of the Hellenistic. He is well known for his contribution of establishing the mathematical constant pie and creating the science of Hydro statistic

Front 30

Greek Architecture

Back 30

The most important temples were dedicated to the god they were outside buildings and not enclosed like churches most of the architecture was built by Athens

Front 31

The Republic was written by..

Back 31

plato and was about It was a dialogue on Plato's ideas of the government

Front 32

Aristotle and his fears about government

Back 32

He feared the rise of demagogues in democracy

Front 33

Greek Philosophy – when you think of it, who comes to mind (3)

Back 33

Plato Aristotle Socrates

Front 34

Greek Religion: Polytheistic, ritualistic, festivals? Yes/no and explain. How did the Greeks discover what the intentions of the gods were?

Back 34

They use the Oracle a sacred shrine dedicated to a god or goddess revealed the future

Front 35

Olympic games? Held how often, since, why

Back 35

The Olympic Games were held every four years to honor Zeus it consisted of foot races and wrestling but later it consist of boxing and javelin throwing

Front 36

Life in CLASSICAL Athens: explain in 2-3 sentences

Back 36

The men had authority and the women were capable of attending religious festivals but for the most part were not allowed in Public, Athens live a very simple lifestyle they had furnished homes with the necessities and the food they eat was pretty basic as well.

Front 37

Philipp II gained control of Greece after what battle and in what year?

Back 37

The defining battle came at Chaeronea in 338 BC when Philip defeated a united Greek army

Front 38

Alexander was believed to be the son of

Back 38

zeus

Front 39

Alexander’s empire stretched from and to and included

Back 39

balkans to the himalayas and included the mediterranean

Front 40

Ptolemy went to

Back 40

Egypt and became king in 305 B.C.E.

Front 41

Seleucius went to

Back 41

The largest of Hellenistic Kingdoms, and controlled much of the old Persian Empire from Turkey in the West Indiana In the east

Front 42

Helenization meant or included what process/effect

Back 42

Is the historical spread of ancient Greek culture to a lesser extent over foreign people conquered by Greece

Front 43

Cultural center of the Hellenistic world

Back 43

The Hellenistic world produced an enormous quantity of literature it was also the Golden age of science and medicine in areas like astronomy

Front 44

Stoicism

Back 44

A philosophy found by Zeno… Happiness could be obtained by excepting one's life and living in harmony with the will of God thereby achieving inner peace

Front 45

Epicurianism

Back 45

A philosophy founded Epicurs that tought about happiness could be achieved through the pursuit of intellectual pleasure