History

Front 1

Political, social, economic effects of the Black Plague (6pt)?

Back 1

Political- Feudal system is dismantled; the legislative bodies and the courts are abandoned
Social-the feudal system breaks down, of social order; anti-Semitism develops
Economic- labor shortage; landowners and creditors lose money

Front 2

Outcomes of the Council of Trent

Back 2

- Tightened discipline clergy
- Reaffirmed the church teachings the Protestants rejected
- Banning the sale of indulgences

Front 3

Palestine before the Crusades

Back 3

- The Jews and Christians could practice their religion freely
1. Because they paid taxes
2. Followed Muslim regulations

Front 4

The Triangular Trade

Back 4

1. 1st stage of the system merchants shipped (ON FINAL)
1.Cotton goods
2.Weapons
3.Liquor
- To Africa in exchange for slaves or gold

2. 2nd stage of Triangular Trade is called
Middle passage
- was the shipment of slaves across the Atlantic to the Americas
- Traders sold the slaves for produce from the plantations

3. 3rd -To complete the triangle:
- Merchants sent to the plantations products to Europe, where they were used
- Where they were used to buy manufactured products to be old in the Americas

Front 5

Middle Passage brutal and dehumanizing effect on the slaves.

Back 5

- Harsh conditions
- there was spread of disease
- and others were forced food because they didn’t want to eat
- he wants to get as many people as he can to get the goods in return

Front 6

Saladin

Back 6

greatest Muslim warrior, he used intrigue and war to eliminate his rivals

Front 7

Richard the Lion-Hearted

Back 7

He was a courageous soldier, defeated the Muslims near Arsuf, made a truce with the Muslims in 1192

Front 8

Ignatius De Loyola

Back 8

Was a Spanish soldier, he got hurt and had time to think about Jesus and the Saints, he founded the order of Jesuits

Front 9

Amerigo Vespucci

Back 9

discovered America, America is named for him

Front 10

Magellan

Back 10

1521 went around the world, died in the Philippines and fought with islanders; I named the Pacific Ocean

Front 11

Christopher Columbus

Back 11

believed the earth was round, thought he could reach Asia by sailing westward

Front 12

Francis Bacon

Back 12

English philosopher; rejected the idea that you could deduce knowledge from self evident principles.

Front 13

Rene Descartes

Back 13

Rene’ French philosopher, believed that you should question everything or all assumptions before accepting them; developed or wrote Discourse on Method.

Front 14

Huldrych Zwingli

Back 14

religious reformer around Martin Luther’s time, and he and Luther met and disagreed on the use of images and worship but agreed on doctrine.

Front 15

Isaac Newton

Back 15

He wrote a book about laws of motion and gravity, studied movement of objects on earth

Front 16

Pope Leo X

Back 16

He rebuild Saint Peter’s square by selling indulgencies; used a monk in northern Germany to raise money

Front 17

Johannes Kepler

Back 17

Brilliant Mathematician who tested Copernicus theory many times until he got it right

Front 18

Juan Sebastian Del Elcano

Back 18

Famous for being one of the last members of the crew that sailed around the world for Spain; I finished the trip

Front 19

Galileo Galilei

Back 19

Was an astronomer that disproved the geocentric theory, and wrote a book and the named it Dialogue on the Two Great Systems of the World.

Front 20

Bartholomew Diaz

Back 20

sailed around the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 and found the route to the Indian Ocean

Front 21

founder of the Knights Templar

Back 21

Saint Bernard of Clairvoux

Front 22

Humanist believed in the need for (ONLY ONE YOU NEED TO KNOW)

Back 22

Involvement in practical affairs

Front 23

Martin Luther’s writes his 95 theses and he criticizes three important things (ONLY ONE YOU NEED TO KNOW)

Back 23

Extreme wealth of the Church

Front 24

three motivations of the crusades (ONLY ONE YOU NEED TO KNOW)

Back 24

Political

Front 25

Under the feudal system, kings and powerful nobles granted land to other

Back 25

Loyalty or royalty

Front 26

Astrolabe applies astronomy and geometry allowing sailors to determine the

Back 26

relative height of stars and planets

Front 27

European’s ideas about the Universe come from the

Back 27

Greeks and Romans

Front 28

favorable balance of trade is achieved by

Back 28

selling more goods than a country buys

Front 29

Village priests were likely to engage in all the following activities except

Back 29

Village priests did not recommend charms to keep misfortune away

Front 30

lives of monks were regulated by a set of standards called the

Back 30

Benedictine Rule

Front 31

pope urban II goal in the first crusade

Back 31

Unite European Christians in a common cause

Front 32

The seeking of rational explanation of things

Back 32

Disenchantment of the World

Front 33

came from Asia and were early converts to Islam

Back 33

Seljuk Turks

Front 34

responsible for Portugal interest in exploration

Back 34

Prince Henry the Navigator

Front 35

A system of laws based on judges decisions rather than on a code of statues like Roman Law

Back 35

Common Law

Front 36

economic theory that states that there is only a fixed amount of wealth in the world and a country’s government should do everything they can to increase wealth in its country.

Back 36

Mercantilism

Front 37

Pope Paul IV wrote the Index of Forbidden Books

Back 37

Index of Forbidden Books

Front 38

name given to the German princes who protested against the church for suppressing Luther’s reforms

Back 38

Protestants

Front 39

They were neither clergy nor did they have the financial means to live a pious life, to obtain salvation

Back 39

Poor Laymen

Front 40

A church sanction on an entire region, no church services could take place putting people in danger of damnation

Back 40

Interdict

Front 41

Reason the second crusade is considered a failure

Back 41

Commit Lawless Acts

Front 42

individual merchants joined resources to form companies to sell stock

Back 42

Joint Stock Companies

Front 43

counter reformation

Back 43

Aggressive Campaign against Protestantism

Front 44

what women in villages felt that caused them to protest

Back 44

Impact of food shortages and taxes

Front 45

byzantine preservations enabled the Italians to

Back 45

interact with Greek/Roman teachings-