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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antifederalists |
-people who opposed the constitution -mostly small farmers and debtors -didn't like that they didn't amend the articles, the constitution doesn't have a bill of rights, they think the presidency is too much like a monarchy, and they thought the states would lose their identities |
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Federalist Papers |
-newspapers circulated during the ratification -85 papers explaining the constitution and the reasons behind certain things |
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Federal Hall |
-Home of the president and where the cabinet meets |
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Cabinet |
-Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson -Secretary of Treasurery: Alexander Hamilton -Secretary of War: John Knox -Attorney General: George Knox |
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Bill of Rights |
-Madison drafts a set of 12 in 1789 -The states ratify 10 of them in 1791 |
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Tonnage Duty |
-Tax imposed on cargo ships based on weight -Lower rate for US ships -Generates enough revenue to run federal government |
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Judiciary Act |
-1789 -Sets up structure of the courts -Sets up Supreme Court -Sets up circuit courts -Layout appeal process |
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Treaty of Fort Stanwix |
-1784 -Iroquois Native Americans lost land in Pennsylvania and and New York |
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Arthur St. Clair |
-Governor of Northwest territory -Lost to Miami tribe badly in 1791 -Wants to close that area and give it to the Miami tribe |
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Miamis |
-Dominated Ohio River -Chief: Little Turtle -Well organized -Defeated Arthur St. Clair in battle in 1791 -Loses to Anthony Wayne in battle in 1794 |
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Little Turtle |
-Miami chief |
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Anthony Wayne |
-Appointed to run army after Arthur St. Clair loses to Miami tribe -Defeats Little Turtle in battle in 1794 |
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Treaty of Grenville |
-1795 -Signed by Little Turtle and US -Sets precedent for Native Americans -Only land that has been formally seeded can be sold -Causes Natives to give up large tracts of land in Ohio |
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Yoemen Farmers |
-Family farms -Not controlled by anyone |
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District of Columbia |
-Capitol after if it moved out of New York -Independent of any state -Neutral, less influencial -Along Patomic River -Mile square |
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Strict Construction |
-Just what the constitution says. Nothing more. -Jefferson and Madison |
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Broad Construction |
-Belief that Congress has implied powers -Hamilton |
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Implied Powers |
-Congress can do what is necessary and proper -Broad Construction point of view |
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National Bank of US |
-Proposed by Hamilton in 1791 -Authorized issue of bank notes -People who favored strict construction said they didn't have the power to do that |
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Factions |
-A group within the government that are trying to take over -2 groups with opposing views. Both thought the other was one of these -Beginning of first political parties |
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Democratic Republicans |
-AKA Jefferson Republicans -Supporters of strict construction |
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Federalists |
-Supporters of broad construction |
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Electoral College |
-1796 -It became difficult for people to travel to hear speeches -Elect people to go vote for you -Each elector gets to cast 2 ballots |
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Alien Act |
-1798 -Federalists developed them to cripple opposition -Diminished power of newcomers and changed the number of years you have to be in the country before you become a citizen -President can deport or imprison immigrants during war without reason -Deemed unconstitutional by Jeffersonian Republicans and was repealed by state governors |
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Sedition Act |
-1798 -Outlawed any kind of group that showed opposition to power -Makes attacking the President or congress (orally or in print) illegal -Deemed unconstitutional by Jeffersonian Republicans and was repealed by state governors |
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Whiskey Rebellion |
-1794 -Caused by taxes on whiskey producers -7,000 farmers March on Pittsburgh to protest -No battle but 2 men arrested for treason |
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Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions |
-resolutions to not use the Alien and Sedition Acts |
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Aaron Burr |
-Jefferson's running mate in the election if 1800 -Technically, there is a tie. He tries to use it as an opportunity to become president -Hamilton asks supporters to vote for Jefferson. -He claims Hamilton attacked his honor and challenges him to a duel. -He kills Hamilton and flees the country -Goes south and tries to start his own country -Arrested for treason |
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Midnight Appointments |
-Appointments to office late in the presidential term |
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Judicial Review |
-The notion that the supreme court should be able to decide if a federal law is constitutional |
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Louisiana Purchase |
-Previously owned by the Spanish -Purchased by Jefferson |
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Lewis & Clark |
-Sent to survey Louisiana Purchase -Looking for 3 things: 1) discover northwest passage 2) make contact with Native Americans in the area 3) report on land and resources -Leave St. Louis in 1804 -Return 1806 |
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Sacagawea |
-Went on expedition with Lewis and Clark -Was pregnant, showed they came in peace -Knew many Native American languages, helped make contact with tribes |
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Proclimation of Neutrality |
-First foreign policy -Claim rights as a neutral nation -Britain doesn't recognize our rights as a nation and ignores out neutrality |
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Jay's Treaty |
-Temporarily patches relations with Britain -Somewhat settles issue of neutrality |
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Pickney's Treaty |
-Spanish ambassador -Established southern border on the 31st parallel and free navigation along the Mississippi |
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XYZ Affair |
-1797 -Adams sends representatives to France to repair relations -Tallyrand refuses to see them, and when he finally does, he asks for a bribe -US refuses to pay and comes home -Adams publishes correspondence, but uses X, Y, and Z instead of their names |
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Privateers |
-Legalized pirates |
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Quasi War |
-Privateers attacked each others ships -1788-1789 -Ends with Contentment of 1800 |
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Contentment of 1800 |
-Ends Quasi War -Allows US to withdraw honorably from the treaty of 1778 -France recognizes US as a neutral nation |
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Impressment |
-British navy forces Americans to join |
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Chesapeake Affair |
-1807 -The Chesapeake (ship) is stopped by Britain in US water -US fires, Britain retaliates -Britain impresses 4 people -Embarrassing for US. Jefferson is pissed. |
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Embargo Act |
-Cuts off all trade from foreign powers to put pressure on Britain -1807 |
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James Madison |
-President after Jefferson |
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Macon's Bill #2 |
-Says US will trade with anyone who formal recognizes neutrality and embargo their enemy |
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War of 1812 |
-US needs to defend it's honor to be seen as a real nation -Battles mostly along coast and great Lakes region -British march on DC and burn it down -Ends in 1814 with treaty of Ghent |
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Warheads |
-People who pushed for a war -They were either hungry for land, wanted to defend our honor, or just wanted Britain out of of the west |
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Treaty of Ghent |
-1814 -Ended war of 1812 -Returns things to the way they were before |
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Rush Bagot Agreement |
-Britain and US remove arms from Great Lakes -Secures neutral Canadian border -1818 |
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John Quincy Adams |
-Son of John Adams -Leader of US foreign policy beginning in 1812 -Secretary of state for Monroe |
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Monroe Doctrine |
-John Quincy Adams -1824 -Recognizes 3 principles of US position of Western Hemisphere 1) non colonization 2) non intervention 3) non interference |
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Comeouters |
-People who move from east to west |
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Tecumseh |
-Says Native American tribes have to unite to defend themselves against white encroachment -Wants them to abandon white ways and revert to tradition -Killed in War of 1812 |
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Subsistence Farming |
-Growing what you need for your family |
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Commercial Farming |
-Farming one thing to sell |
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McCormick Reaper |
-1831 -Helped push commercial wheat farming -Replaces the work on 12 men with 1 |
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Steel Plow |
-1837 -Developed by John Deere -Developed to turn heavier soil in the Midwest |
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Porkopolis |
-Cincinnati |
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Cotton Gin |
-Made growing cotton a viable commercial trade -Removed the seeds from short staple cotton -1793 |
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Gradual Emancipation |
-1780-90 -Phase out period of slavery -Children of slaves born after a certain date will be free when they become adults |
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Missouri Compromise |
-Missouri will be admitted as a slave state and Maine will be admitted as a free state -Proposed by Henry Clay -Everything north of the 36° line is free. Everything south is slave. |
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Steamboat |
-1807 -Developed by Robert Fulton -Makes trade up and down river possible |
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Robert Fulton |
-Developed the steamboat in 1807 |
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Erie Canal |
-Began in 1817 -Finished in 1825 -363 miles -Connected New York to the Midwest |
