History 4

Front 1

Madeline Albright

Back 1

first woman to become the United States Secretary of State

Front 2

Camp David Accords

Back 2

agreements between Israel and Egypt, following thirteen days of secret negotiations at Camp David

Front 3

Rachel Carson

Back 3

wrote the SIlent Spring

Front 4

Jimmy Carter

Back 4

Before he became President, a Democrat, served as a U.S. Naval officer, was a peanut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia

Front 5

Bill Clinton

Back 5

took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first president of the baby boomer generation, has been described as a New Democrat. Many of his policies have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance. Before becoming president he was the Governor of Arkansas serving two non-consecutive tenures from 1979 to 1981 and from 1983 to 1992.

Front 6

Committee to Reelect the President

Back 6

directly and actively involved in the Watergate scandal.[

Front 7

Dienbienphu

Back 7

the climactic confrontation of the First Indochina War between the French Union's French Far East Expeditionary Corps and Viet Minh communist-nationalist revolutionaries.

Front 8

Domino Theory

Back 8

speculated that if one state in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow

Front 9

Anwar El-Sadat

Back 9

third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. In his eleven years as president, he changed Egypt's direction, departing from some of the economic and political principles of Nasserism by re-instituting the multi-party system and launching the Infitah economic policy.

Front 10

Geraldine Ferraro

Back 10

first female vice presidential candidate representing a major American political party.

Front 11

Gerald Ford

Back 11

first person appointed to the Vice Presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, after Spiro Agnew had resigned; signed the Helsinki Accords, marking a move toward détente in the Cold War, U.S. involvement in Vietnam essentially ended.

Front 12

Geneva Accords

Back 12

a conference which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, whose purpose was to attempt to find a way to unify Vietnam and discuss the possibility of restoring peace in Indochina

Front 13

Michael Gorbachev

Back 13

former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the first (and last) president of the Soviet Union from 1990 until its dissolution in 1991

Front 14

Al Gore

Back 14

an American politician, advocate and philanthropist, who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for President and lost the 2000 U.S. presidential election despite winning the popular vote. Gore is currently an author and environmental activist. He has founded a number of non-profit organizations, including the Alliance for Climate Protection, and has received a Nobel Peace Prize for his work in climate change activism

Front 15

H.R. Haldeman

Back 15

best known for his service as White House Chief of Staff to President Richard Nixon; Nixon announced resignation

Front 16

Kent State Massacre

Back 16

occurred at Kent State University in the U.S. city of Kent, Ohio, and involved the shooting of unarmed college students by the Ohio National Guard on Monday, May 4, 1970

Front 17

Ayatollah Khomeini

Back 17

an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran; known for his support of the hostage takers during the Iran hostage crisis

Front 18

Henry Kissinger

Back 18

proponent of Realpolitik, played a prominent role in United States foreign policy between 1969 and 1977.

Front 19

La Raza Unida

Back 19

an American political party centered on Chicano nationalism. During the 1970s the Party campaigned for better housing, work, and educational opportunities for Mexican-Americans.

Front 20

John Mitchell

Back 20

the Attorney General of the United States from 1969 to 1972 under President Richard Nixon; indicted in May 1973 on federal charges of obstructing an investigation of Vesco after he made a $200,000 contribution to the Nixon campaign.

Front 21

My Lai Massacre

Back 21

Vietnam War mass murder of between 347 and 504 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam

Front 22

NIxon's Pardon

Back 22

Ford issued Proclamation 4311, which gave Nixon a full and unconditional pardon for any crimes he might have committed against the United States while President

Front 23

Oil Petroleum Exporting Countries

Back 23

declared an oil embargo in response to the United States' and Western Europe's support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War of 1973. The result was a rise in oil prices from $3 per barrel to $12 and the commencement of gas rationing.

Front 24

Sandra Day O'connor

Back 24

first woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court.

Front 25

Operation Desert Storm

Back 25

U.S. troops were sent to Saudi Arabia due also to the request of its monarch, King Fahd, who had earlier called for U.S. military assistance.

Front 26

War Powers Act

Back 26

federal law intended to check the president's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of Congress. The resolution was adopted in the form of a United States Congress joint resolution; this provides that the President can send U.S. armed forces into action abroad only by authorization of Congress or in case of "a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces."

Front 27

Reagonomics

Back 27

These policies are commonly associated with supply-side economics, referred to as trickle-down economics by political opponents.

Front 28

Salt I Treaty

Back 28

two rounds of bilateral talks and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union—the Cold War superpowers—on the issue of armament control.

Front 29

Sandanistas

Back 29

overthrew Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending the Somoza dynasty, and established a revolutionary government in its place

Front 30

Supply Side Economics

Back 30

If you cut taxes, people will save money

Front 31

Tet Offensive

Back 31

a military campaign during the Vietnam War that was launched on January 30, 1968 by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnam against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies. It was a campaign of surprise attacks that were launched against military and civilian commands and control centers throughout South Vietnam

Front 32

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Back 32

It is of historical significance because it gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of "conventional'' military force in Southeast Asia. Specifically, the resolution authorized the President to do whatever necessary in order to assist "any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty". This included involving armed forces.
It was opposed in the Senate only by Senators Wayne Morse (D-OR) and Ernest Gruening (D-AK). Senator Gruening objected to "sending our American boys into combat in a war in which we have no business, which is not our war, into which we have been misguidedly drawn, which is steadily being escalated". (Tonkin Gulf debate 1964) The Johnson administration subsequently relied upon the resolution to begin its rapid escalation of U.S. military involvement in South Vietnam and open warfare between North Vietnam and the United States.

Front 33

Vietnamization

Back 33

policy of the Richard M. Nixon administration during the Vietnam War, as a result of the Viet Cong's Tet Offensive, to "expand, equip, and train South Vietnam's forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops."

Front 34

Mao Zedong

Back 34

a Chinese communist revolutionary, politician and socio-political theorist. The founding father of the People's Republic of China from its establishment in 1949, he governed the country as Chairman of the Communist Party of China until his death. In this position he converted China into a single-party socialist state, with industry and business being nationalized under state ownership and socialist reforms implemented in all areas of society

Front 35

Woodstock

Back 35

a music festival, billed as "An Aquarian Exposition: 3 Days of Peace & Music".