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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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epic tales
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Mahabharata and Ramayana
main chars: Krishna and Arjuna |
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hymns and chants that describe the Aryans and their early exploits
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Rig Vedas
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Madurai
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town goddess symbol- fish surrounded by stars- persistence of religious symbolism
symbols for divinity |
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describe the "sacred geograhpy" of India (9)
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visible to the faithful, system of rituals, connects the past to the present, people to thier history, defines race, gives beliefs, connects to god and the univers, motherland united by pilgrimage, circuit of the whole country
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why is Prayag what he is
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king of holy places- naval of the earth, mythical creation point of the universe, the site of the primordial mound which rose out to the waters
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what is characteristic of Indian civilization?
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Spiritual exploration
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Jainism (5)
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Atheistic in nature, existence of God being irrelevant to belief, everything in the universe has a soul, autere form on non-violence and vegetarinism
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characteristics common to Buddhism and Jainism (3)
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reject caste divisions and sacrificial cult, represent a transition from the magical thoght of the Vedas to a kind of rationality, it is tinged with pessimism
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Axis Age
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6th- 5th century BC- great thinkers in world history were alive at the same tiem. questions about the nature of god, the prupose of life on earth, basis of authority, and how to persuade citizens to be good- each answer started different beliefs
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who was Ashoka
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4 century ruler of India who tried to impose poilitical unity. He expanded the Mauryan empire to include almost all of India. Tried to find a way to use ahimsa to rule
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essential ideas of Ashoka's edicts (9)
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right conduct, non-violence, compassion, tolerance, gentleness, truthfulness, ecological and conservation measures, welfare and social legislation, turning away from the authority of religion and magic to that of reason and morality as a basis for politics
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india's most brilliant invention
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mathematical system of 9 digits and zero
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3 main Hindu gods
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Brahma- creator god
Shiva- destroyer and liberator Vishnu- preserver- balance |
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Hindu Caste system (5)
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Brahmins (priestly)
Shartiyas (warriors and rulers) Vaishyas (skilled workers and farmers) Shudras (servants) Pariahs (untouchables) |
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3 Universal Truths
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everything is impermanent
life is unsatisfactory no eternal soul- self is a collection of changing characteristics |
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4 noble truths
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life is suffering
desire is cause end suff- end desire middle way |
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8 fold path
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middle way:
right understanding right thought right speech right action right work right effort right mindfulness right concentration |
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uderstading
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strive to clearly understand the 4 noble truths and nature of reality
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thought
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think kindly and avoid focus on past and future
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speech
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speek truthfully and kindly
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action
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act kindly and do not be attached to the results of Karma
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work
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work that does not harmn others and is benificial
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effort
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determination to cleanse the mind
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mindfulness
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awareness of actions and others
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concentraton
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meditation
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3 jewels
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belief in Buddha, dhamma, and in holy order of sanha
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Tripitaka
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collection of writings: sayings of Buddha, comments, rules for monks
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main branches of Buddhism (5)
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Theravada
Mahayana Vajrayana Pure land zen |
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Theravada
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follow Buddha's origional teachings, he was only human, sangha is important
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Mahayana
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Buddha can respond to appeals from people today; bodhisattvas, use other texts
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Vajrayana
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chanting mantras and use madalas, Tibretan Buddhism
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Pure Land
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based on teachings of Amida Buddha- chant name at death and be reborn in a place in which it would be easy to follow Buddha's teachings and reach nirvana
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Zen
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midiation, use koans to contradict usual pattern of thinking, mind free, dialogues, martial art
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