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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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AMERICAN NATIONALISM
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Separate nation state
Small liberalism Small republicanism Protestant Christians Anglo-Saxonism |
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TRENDS IN US HISTORY
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Industrialization
>textiles,railroad,iron,steal Urbanization >more people move into cities Increase in education >majority are graduating from high school Impovments in Trasnportation >railroads(1869),automobiles(1900),airlines after WWII Communicaiton >telograph(1840),telephone(1900),radio(1910),TV(1920) |
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10% PLAN
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Lincolns Plan. 10% of southerners take oath to be readmitted to the union. This plan was thought to be too soft by the radicals
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ABRAHAM LINCOLN
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(16)President durning Civil War, assassinated April 14, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth.
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FREEDMAN’S BUREAU
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Established by congress in March of 1865. It distributed food to former slaves. It was directed by Gen. Oliver O. howard. It was too small and it only operated 1 year.
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EMACIPATION PROCLAMATION
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Freed blacks in confederacy but it was unenforceable. Proclaimed after union victory.d
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WADE-DAVIS BILL
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Radicals reconstruction plan. Said that the majority must take an oath to be readmitted into the union. A provisional governor was sent to each state. It was passed July of 1864. Pocket veto by president Lincoln.
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13-15TH AMENDMENTS
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13th freed slaves
14th defined american citizenship 15th protected rights of blacks These amendments were issued in response to laws passed in the south |
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RADICAL REPUBLICANS
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They wanted severe punishment of south. Lobbied for disenfranshisement of southerners. Lobbied for civil and military leaders to be punished. Wanted black legal rights to be protected.
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1867 PLAN FOR RECONSTRUCTION
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This plan divided south into 5 military districts. Registered black voters and whites who didn't participate in the rebellion could vote. Ratification of 14th amendment.
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COMMAND OF THE ARMY ACT
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Prohibited issuing of orders from president Except through commanding general who could not be removed without senate approval.
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TENURE OF OFFICE ACT
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Required congressional approval before president could fire a cabinet memeber or civl official.
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1866 CIVIL RIGHTS ACT
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Declared blacks to be citizens. Gave federal government right to intervene in state affairs.
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EDWIN STANTON
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fired by Johnson. Radical secretary of war. This was the last straw that got Johnson impeached.
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CARPET BAGGERS
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Republicans who came from the north. Middle-class looking for a new frontier. Settled at wars end as hopeful planters. Business and professional people.
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SCALAWAGS
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Southern white republicans who were former whigs who never felt comfortable in a democratic party. Interested in economic development.
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COMPROMISE OF 1877
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Gave R.B.hayes presidency. Ended the reconstruction in the south. Gave the south back to white southerners.
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SAMUEL TILDEN
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Democratic presidential nominee and reformer. Anti-slavery before Civil War and he won the popular vote in 1876 but lost the election to R.B. Hayes
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RUTHERFORD HAYES
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Republican Canidate who lost popular vote. Among other promises he promised to pull federal troops if elected. This is the only one he kept.
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SELF-MADE MAN MYTH
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If you work hard and follow moral values you will find success. Examples were the industrialists, myth said poverty made you success oriented.
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STALWARTS
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Against civil service reform. Faction of repunlican party. Love U.S.Grant, like spoils system.
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HALFBREEDS
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Worked to get civil service reform U.S.Grand is hated by half-breeds agains spoils system.
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EUGENE DEBS
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Key labor leader who was also a leading american socialist and railroad labor leader.
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GREAT NORTHERN R.R.
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A.R.U. strikes against it. strikes relatively successful.
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A.R.U.
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Organized by Eugen Debs. Leader of the Pullman Strike. Once had 140,000 members.
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PULLMAN STRIKE
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Organized by ARU Pullman ordered cars attached to all trains. This caused the government to squash the strikes.
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HORATIO ALGER
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Minister-biographer-novel writter. died broke and alone. Wrote same S-M-M-M stories
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HAYMARKET RIOT
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Chicago, immigrants arrested 1880's chicago.
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RUSSEL CONWELL
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Priest-motivational speaker. Gives same speech roughly 6000 times.
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WILLIAM HOLMES MCGUFFY
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He writes books to teach kids how to read tires to incorporate strong protestant ethics. MCGUFFY READER
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JOSIAH STRONG
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Argued protestants had obligation to civilize adn christianize world. Protestant clergyman and author.
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RICHARD ELY
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Economist, siad to teach socialist doctrines. Profiled socialism and labor movements.
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NATIVISM
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Having an anti-immigrant stance.
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AMERICAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION
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The American Economic Association was organized in 1885 at a meeting in Saratoga, New York, by a small group interested in economics. It was incorporated February 3, 1923. Richard T. Ely.
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AMERICAN PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION
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Will not hire, work for, and limit social contact with catholics, becomes anti immgration but loses steam.
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PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS
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These were schools founded by religious institutions, they teach religion and education at the same time.
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PENDLETON CIVIL SERVICE ACT
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Put civil service employees on merit system. Marked the beginning of end for spoils system. Also Chester A. Arthur (1883) was partly drafted in response to Garfields assination.
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THE GRANGE
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Farmers organization formed COOP's and passes restrictions on railroads, most declared unconstitutional. 1890's - 4 million memebrs
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THE GILDED AGE
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1877-1900 everything looks good but underneath there is political strife, chaos, corrupt business, strikes etc.
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SPOILS SYSTEM
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Political parties way of rewarding party faithful with government jobs. Only guaranteed job for that admisistration.
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JAMES BLAINE
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Ran against Grover Cleveland in 1884 election. Republican, senator, representative, secretary of state.
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GROVER CLEVELAND
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He won the election of 1884 and 1892 campaigns to lower tariffs-fails. adds 12000 jobs to merit list, angered party.
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CHESTER AUTHUR
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Took over for assassinated Garfield, he got civil service reform passes. he only served 1 term. He also passed pendleton civil service act.
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THE TARIFF
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Key divder of political partis during the "Guilded age" The republicans whated higher tariff protecting farmers and business in U.S. but democrats want lower tariff for lower prices.
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FARMER ALLIANCES
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precursor to populist party. Grew out of The Grange movement in the 1880's.
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MANIFESTY DESTINY
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US has a mission to expand and bring democracy and freeedom to expansionist territories. ??more??
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USS MAINE
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New US Battleship. Started the Spanish-American War, it blew up in havana harbor in Feb. 15, 1898
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POPULISTS
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Short-lived but it was led by William Jennings Bryan, they opposed the Gold standard and wanted silver standard to help farmers.
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SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT
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Enacted to stop monopolies signed by Benjamin Harrison used by Roosevelt in anti-trust campaigns in 1890
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WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN
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He was a populist canadate, and leader of teh silverite movement toup inflation. He was also a senator from Nebraska.
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MUGWUMPS
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Republicans who supported Grover Cleveland because Blaine wasn't a reformist in 1884.
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ALFRED THAYER MAHAN
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He wrote the "Influence of Sea Power on History" which said that countires need colonies for safe harbor and refuling ports, he was a supporter of manifest dest.
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TREADY OF PARIS 1898
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This ended the Spanish-American war and gave america Guam, Philippines and Puerto Rico, and gave Cuba independence.
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SPANSIH-AMERICAN WAR
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Cuased by explosion of USS Maine. Spanish fleets crushed in Philippines and the Caribbean. 300+ deaths to combat, 5000 to disease (US deaths) This war lasted from April 25-August 12 (1898)
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OPEN DOOR NOTES
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While having a sphere of influence in china, nations were to have no special advantages and not levy special taxes or tariffs.
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BOXER REBELLION
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"Sacred order of Harmonious fists" Martial arts society with nationalistic intrests. Held siege agains the foreign diplomatic corps at the British embassy at Peking. Rebellion put down by 20,000 foreign troops.
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YELLOW PRESS
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Sensational journalism. It helped provoke America into going to war with the spanish. Product of the Pulizer V. Hearst Newspaper circulation wars.
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TREATY OF PORTSMOUTH
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First foreign treaty signed on U.S. soil ended the Russo-Japanese War. Sept. 5, 1905
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WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT
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Goes against Roosevelts ways and beats Roosevelt for republican nomination in 1912. He was practically appointed by Roosevelt to be his replacement.
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TEDDY ROOSEVELT
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Rough rider. President from 1900 to 1908. Trust buster and the youngest president ever to hold the office.
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BULL MOOSE PARTY
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Lead by Teddy. Split up the republicans for the 1912 election, which gave Woodrow Wilsion the win. Progressive party.
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HEPBURN ACT
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Gave power to government to set railroad rates, adn review railroad finacial records in 1906.
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MUCKRAKERS
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Ivested corruption within big business and brought up "dirt" on big businesses and industrialists.
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ELECTION OF 1912
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3 Canidates
W.Wilson - Democratic Taft - Republican Roosevelt - Bull Moose Party |
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SILVER ISSUE
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Populists wanted more silver in the making of money, this would drive up inflation making it easier for farmers to make profits and reduce their debt. Lead by William Jennings Bryant
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WOODROW WILSON
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Winner of Election of 1912, he was a democrat.
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JAMES ABRAM GARFIELD
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(November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States (1881) and the second U.S. President to be assassinated (Abraham Lincoln was the first). His term was the second shortest in U.S. history, after William Henry Harrison's. Holding office from March to September of 1881, President Garfield was in office for a total of just six months and fifteen days.
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