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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who dominated the trade of Exotic goods?
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The Italians
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What was the Black Death?
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an epidemic of the bubonic plague that killed 1/3 of European population
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What helped set stage for expoloration?
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Scientific and technological advances, such as movable type and navigational aids
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Who took the lead in exploration?
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Portugal
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What motivated the Portogese to explore?
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religious zeal to conquer and expand the heathen lands
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Who was the most influential advocate of Portuguese exploration?
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Prince Henry--- the sun of the Portuguese king.
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How did Prince Henry lead the exploration?
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He extended the conquest down to the African coast
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By 1480, Portuguese explorers began a conscious search for a sea route to:
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Asia
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What did Portugal's African exploration lead to?
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the breaking of old mediterranean trade with the east.. which then led to the development of sailing methods employed by columbus
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How did columbus gain access to maps and papers?
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His wife had close ties to Prince Henry the Navigator
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Columbus, like most Europeans, believed that:
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the earth was spherical
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Unlike most Europeans, Columbus believed :
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the earth was small enough that ships would be able to reach the east by sailing west
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Who financed Columbus' trip?
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King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
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Where did Columbus' first voyage land him?
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a tiny caribbean island which he named San Salvador after Isabella and Ferdinand
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Spain and Portugal were in a challenge in the race to:
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a western route to china
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Spain and Portugals race brought up:
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The Treaty of Tordesillas
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What did the Treaty of Tordesillas do?
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It drew an imaginary line 1,100 miles west of the Canary Island. West belonged to spain, East belonged to portugal
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What did Columbus' discoveries prove?
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the west lands are entirely unknown to Europeans
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Who published the first Map that showed the New world seperate from Asia?
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Martin Waldseemuller
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What did Magellans trip confirm?
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That America was a continent seperate from Asia by the Pacific Ocean
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What did Columbus's arrival in the Carribbean initate?
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Columbian Exchange
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What was the first Spanish attempt to establish in US?
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Ayllons establishment of a place on GA's coast
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Who was the dominant European power in the WH during the 16th century?
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Spain
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What did encomienda do?
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empowered conquistadors to rule the indians and the lands in their towns
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What was encomendero supposed to encourage?
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The indians to convert to Christianity
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What did tthe encomenderos do to the indians?
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overworked them, mistreated them, abused them
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What was the repartimiento?
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an important reform that limited the labor an encomendero could command from his indians
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The single most important economic activity in New spain after 1540 was:
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silver mining
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By 1560, centers of Indian civilization had been conquered, their leaders overthrown, religion held in contempt, and their people were forced to work for the:
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Spaniards
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Indian labor dwindled rapidly bc:
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Old world diseases came over
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To replace indian workers, they began to import:
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African slaves
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Spain established settlements in FL to:
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reaffirm its claim of ownership of n. america and to protect spanish ships from enemy ships along s. east coast.
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What was the first permanent European settlement in US?
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St. Augustine, FL
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Who initiated the Protestant reformation by publisizing his criticisms of the Catholic church?
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Martin Luther (1517)
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Luther's justification by faith said:
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Christians could obtain salvation if they had faith that god would save them-- NOT through offerings, church rituals or orders of priests
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Luther hoped his ideas would reform the Catholic church, instead they:
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ruptured the unity of christianity in western europe
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Who attempted to settle roanake?
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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Vasco de Gamas exploration accomplished:
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an ocean route to the Indies and Asia
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The Repartimento limited:
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the amount of labor ecomendros could demand from its indians
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