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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General Mitchell Palmer
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was titled "fighting quaker" and rounded up six thousand suspected "reds" until a bomb shattered his house
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Ku Klux Klan nickname
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Nights of the Invisible Empire
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Emergency Quota Act of 1921/Immigration Act of 1924
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European immigrants were limited to 3% of the people of their natioanality who had been livign in the US in 1910
Cut from 3% to 2% and year changed from 1910 to 1890 japanese severely limited, and cananda/latin america excempt form quota 1931: more foreigners left than arrived |
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Horace Kallen
Bourne |
Kallen wanted immigrants to practice ancestral customs and eventually everyone would harmonize
Bourne wanted cross-fertilization of immigrants |
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Volstead Act
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Passed in 1919 along with 18th amendment for prohibition
South happy to keep alcohol away from blacks, west didnt like it |
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Speakeasies
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Undercover bars during prohibition...moonshine
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Al Capone
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Gangerster in Chicago who cornered the illegal booze market and responsible for many murders including on St. Valentines Day in 1929
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Lindbergh Law
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After son of Charles Lindbergh kidnapped, congres passed this in 1932 to make interstate abduction a deatlh-penalty offense
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John Dewey
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Education reformer who stated "learning by doing" method
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Monkey Trial
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IN Tennesse, biology John T SCopes was indicted for teaching evolution with William Jennings Bryan in the prosectuion --> guilty and fined 100, and Bryan died of stroke
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Bruce Barton
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Came about big in the mass-consumption economy started by the automobile and used seduction, sexual suggestion, etc
Said Jesus as best adman in "The Man Nobody Knows" |
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Automobile
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Focal point of industrial revoltuoin taht stareted gasoline, tire, road, etc industires, suburbs farther from city, steel industry, death of railroad
started by henry ford and the model t: he was peopels choice for election in 1924 1951: one millionth person died in auto accident |
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Charles Lindbergh/ Airplane
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soloed weston to east of the atlantic in 1927 in Spirit of St Louis
in kitty hawk nc by orville wright and the airplanes made lethal weapon for war and made isolation smaller |
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Guglielmo Marconi
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made raido waves and it eclipsed speed in which airline industry was taking off
KDKA broadcasted Harding landslide radio drove people back to home and knitted nation together |
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"The Great Train Robbery"/ Birth of a Nation
The Jazz Singer |
first real movie in 1903
BoN glorified KKK cinmea arrived in WWI with anti german propoganda The first sound film movies eclipsed all other forms of entertainment |
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Census of 1920
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Most americans lived in urban areas than country side
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Margaret Sanger
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advoated contraceptives
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Alice Pauls National Womans Party
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1923: fight for Equal Rights amendment
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Flappers
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bobbed tresses, dresses, stockings, breats taped flat, make up, cigarette, and indpendent women
jazz was sacred music |
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Dr. Sigmund Freud
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Sexual repression of women was responsible for nervous and emotional ills of women
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United Negro Improvement Ssociation
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Started by Marcus Garvey to resettle american blams into frica
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Harlem
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racial bride for black where jazz and harlemtn renaissance took place (Langston Hughes "the Weary Blues")
"New Negro" |
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Black Star Line Steamship Comapny
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keep blacks dollars in blacks pockets
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Edith WHarton/Willa Cather
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good authors who conntinued to thrive for writing about pioneering on the prairies
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H. L. Mencken
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"Bad boy of Baltimore" who wrote monthly "American Mercury" and he attacked marriage, south, patriotism, etc...said patrism was the "fear that somehwere...."
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F. SCott Fitzgerald
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wrote "this side of paradis" in 1920 and became of bible for youing and wrote "great Gatsby"`
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"An American tragedy"
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written by Theodore Dreiser about murdering pregnant working girls
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Ernest Hemingway
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wirter who was most affected by war wrote "the sun also rises" and "a farewell to arms" about wars
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Writers during cultural liberation
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Sherwood Anderson, Sinclair Lewis, William Faulkner: talked about time and consciousness
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Poetry peole
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Ezra POund:influenced T.S. Elitot who wrote "in the waste land"
Robert Frost: wrote about new england Eugene O'Neill |
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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architect who wanted buildings to grow from sites nat imitate Greek and Roman shit
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Wall Street Crash
Bureau of the Budget Mellonites |
banks were always failing even during best years of 20s
buying on credit and on margin BofB: director of Bereau assist president in making budget -Secretary of treassure Mellon said that high taxes discourage dbusiness and brought smaller return to treasury, and that levies foreced rich to invest in tax-exempt securities...Mellon reduced taxes and national debt by 10 billion |
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William Harding
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Republican president Lookied presidentail, but was gullible, couldnt say no, and was taken advantage of
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Good members of Hardings cabinet
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Charles Evan Hughes: secretary of state
Andrew Mellong: secretary of treasury Herbert Hoover: wartime food administrator who was secreaty of commece and said cutthorat competition resulted in waste and wanted business to regulate themselves Taft: chiece justice of Supreme Court |
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Bad Members of Hardings cabinet
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Senotor Albert Fall: secretary of interior
Harry Daugherty: attorney general who was part of "ohio Gang" |
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Adkins v Childrens HOpsital
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reversed muller v oregon and declared women to not have special treatment in workplace
because women had right to vote, they no said they get treated as equals |
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Interstate commerce comission
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supposed to be trustbuster, but dominated by men sympathetic to railroads
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Esch Cummins transportation act of 1920
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private consolidation of railraods and pledged ICC to guarntee their profitability...save railraods from country
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Merchant Marine Act
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authorized Shipping Board to dispose wartime ship fleet at low prices
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La Follette Seaman's Act of 1915
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American shipping couldn not thrive in competition with cheap foreigners
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Strike in 1919
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railroad strike about ethnic/racial divisions among steelworkers and dangerous "Reds and after wages were cut 12%
-ended when Attorney General Daugherty clamped down on strike --> unions week from then on |
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Verterans Bureau
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operated hospitals and vocational rehabilitation for disabled
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American Legion
Adjusted Compensation Act |
lobbied for veterans right and lead to bonus bill in 1922 (vetoed by Harding)
-ACA gave fromer soldiesrs insurance policy |
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Washington Disarmament Conference of 1921-1922
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All major powers except Russia met:
1. ten year holiday on construction of batlte ships 2. America:Britain:Japan --> 5:5:3 navies 3. Five power naval treaty: idea of ship ratios but after japan was compensated 4: Four power treaty: UK, France, US preserve status quo in Pacific 5. Nine-Power Treaty: nail wide open open door policy in china |
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Kellog-Briand Pact
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Outlawed war and written by Frank Kellogg
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Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law
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boosted tariff from 27% to 38.5%
-europeans felt tariff prlonged postwar chaos b/c they need to sell to americans to pay back debt --> hitler rises to power in chaos |
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Colonel Charles Forbes
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looted gov on 200 million and sentenced to 2 years in prison
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Teapot Dome scandal
General Daugherty |
in Teapot Dome, Albert Fall transfered property to Interior department when oil was discovered, and leased lands to oilmen
-oilmen Sinclair and Doheny indicted and sentenced to jail -underminded faith in US gov and courts -Daugherty thought to have illegalyy sell pardons/liquor permits |
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Calvin Coolidge
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became president in 1923 after Harding died of pneumonia in speech tour in San Francisco
-honest, frugal, and silent, shy, boring, vermonter -supported business "factory is temple and man worships there" -"Cautious call Coolidge" wanted to lower taxes/debts and give big business its head |
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Steel Mule
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Steele mule was to cultivation and sowing what the McCormick reaper was to harvesting
-machines threatened farmers because of overabundant crops |
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Capper-Volstead Act
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exempted farmers from antitrust prosectuion
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McNary-Haugen Bill
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keep agricultural prices by allowing gov to buy surpluses and sell abroad
-vetoed by Coolidge twice |
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Election of 1924
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Republicans: Coolidge*** --> "Keep Cool and Keep Coolidge"..won! 382
Democrats: split between "wets" and "drys", urbanites, farmers, fundamentalists/modernists, etc...couldn't even vote to condemn KKK...eventually chose John Davis...136 Progressives: Bob La Follette from Wisconsin...made American Federation of Labor and supported socialist part...13 |
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Armed inteventionism in Caribbean/Central America
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going against the usual isolationism, american troops remained in Haiti
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Trouble in Mexico
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Mexico began asserting its oil resources and oil companies wanted military intervention...coolidge defused crisis
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European War debt
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-US loaned 10 billion to allies and French British said they shouldnt/cant pay because they were a wall against US involvement in war, and that they lost millionsof men while America didnt...also that borrowed dollars fueled amerian economy and tariff was way too hi
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Dawes Plan of 1924
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Charles Dawes made 32 billion dollars of german reparations to UK/France by making U.S. bankers loan money to Germany, germany paying reparations to France/Britain, and then they pay war debts to U.S
-only finland paid all its debt -french attacked american tourists |
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Election of 1928
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herbert hoover: "I do not choose to run"
Republicans: Herbert Hoover --> "Who but Hoover", radio voice, "rugged individualism", good success story, no previous political office, called "the chief", self made millionaire..won with 444 and took over what was thought to be forever prosperous country...WRONG Democrats: Alfred Smith: wet politicion, catholic, bad radio voice, and other political handicaps...a vote for al smith is a vote for the pope..87 |
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Agricultural Marketing Act
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set up by Hoover and started Federal Farm Board with half a billion dollars to help farm organizations --> grain stablilization Corporation and Cotton Stablilization Corporation
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Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
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started to assit farmers but ecause of lobbyists made it the highest peacetime tariff at 60% (up from 38.5% of fordney mccumber act)
-economic warfare to entire outside world which widened trade gaps --> made hitler strong |
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Black Tuesday/Depression
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October 29, 1929: economic crash triggered by british raising interest rates and foreing investors dumping "insecurities"
-depression caused by overproduction of farm/factory, installment plan buyin |
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Result of Economic Depression
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-Fewer babies
-5 thousand banks collapsing -depression, suicide, etc -chain reactino around world in Europe |
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Missippi Valley: 1930
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drought caused thousands fo farms to sell for taxes
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Rugged Individualism during Great Depression
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Hoover was rugged individualist so he gave no direct raide or doles but vowed to assist railraods, banks, credit corporations to help restore jobs
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Hoover Dam
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Colorod River and part of Hoovers public works vow
created irrigation, flood control, and electricty |
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Muscle Shoals Bill
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wanted to damn Tennessee River because he didnt want gov selling electircty in competition with private companies....he didnt want to be viewed as a socialist
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Reconstruction Finance Coporation
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Hoover started this governemnt lending bank for indirect relief.."billion dollar soup kitchen" for railraoids, banks, etc
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Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act
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outlawed "yellow dog" antiunion contracts and forbad federal courts to stop strikes, boycotts, peaceful picketing
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Bonus Expeditionary Force
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veterans made Hoovervilles to intimidate congress to pay bonuses
-riots cost lives and Douglass MacArthur used tear gas and bayonets which eventually killed a "bonus baby" --> people mad at republicans and Roosevelt was able to make a killing as a democrat |
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Japan invades china
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Japanese invaded Manchura in 193 and chinese shut Open Door
-japanese bombed Shanghia and boycotts on japanese goods |
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Stimson Doctrine
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US would not recognized territories achieved by force
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Good Neighbor Policy
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Hoover wanted to end aggresion toward Latin countires:
-americans withdrawaled from Haiti -marine "leathernecks" left Nicaragua |
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Elanor Roosevelt
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-cousin of FDR and "his legs"
-battle for opressed |
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"Forgotten Man"
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FDR was sympathetic to plight of forgotten man
-wanted heavy state spending to relieve human seuffering -rich called him a "traitor to his class" |
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Election of 1932
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Democrat: Roosevelt...had speeches written by "brain trust"..."happy days are here again"...highest unemployment rate..won 472
Republican: hoover... "it could have been worse"....said hawley smoot tariff was neccissary...not as optimistic or promising as FDR. lost: 59 -blacks distinctly shifted towards republican to democratic |
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The three R's
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-banking holdy on march 6-10 and Hundred Days congress session to cope with emergency
-relief, recovery, reform -congress gave FDR lots of power and money and had much influence...was like "quarterback" |
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Hundred Days Congress
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passed essentails to three Rs and launched New Deal Era...unemployment insurance, minimum wage, etc (all things that in Europe were passed years before --> america was backwards nation in tehir eyes
-Civilian Conservation Corps |
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Federal Emergency Relief Act
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FDR wanted immediate relief rather than long-range recovery
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Harry Hopkins
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head of Federal Emergency Relief Administration
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Agricultural Adjustment Act
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allowed farmers to meet their mortgages
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Home Owners Loan Corporation
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refinanced mortages on homes
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Civil Works Administration
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temporary jobs during winter for thousands
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Father Charles Coughlin
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catholic priest ("social justice) that broadcasted anti-semiticism
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"share our wealth"
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Senator Huey Long: talked about "share our wealth" programs in which everyone recieves 5,000 anually
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Works Progress Administration
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FDR wanted employment on useful projects like bridges, roads, etc
"we provide alms" said by critics |
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Frances Perkins ***
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Secretary of Labor
first cabinet member |
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Mary Bethune
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highest ranking black in roosevelt administration
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Sit-Down strike
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workers didnt leave factory bulding of GM adn prevented importation of strikebreakers
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Memorial Day Massacre
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police fire and killed picketers at Republic Steel Company
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Fair Labor Standards Act
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interstate commerce had minimu wage, maximum hour levles..LABOR UNIONS THRIVED
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Committee for INudstrial Organization
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unskilled worker unions led by John Lewis and broke from AFL and allowed blacks
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Election of 1936
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Republicans: Alfred Landon...only got maine and vermont
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