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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Material devastation of south in 1865 |
Economy in ruin: -Farms in disrepair -Livestock killed -Cities destroyed -Couldn't use transportation -3.3 billion in damage -Lost slaves -Sharecropping -Back Bone of Work force killed |
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10 percent plan (1863) |
State can be reintegrated when 10% of 1860 voting class pledges allegiance and accepts emancipation. Lincoln's preferred. Mod. Republicans |
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Wade-Davis Bill (1864) |
Reintegrated when majority took ironclad oath. Pocket vetoed by lincoln. |
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Assassination of Lincoln (April 14 1865) |
Ford's Theatre Good Friday John Wilkes Booth 5 days after Lee surrendered |
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Election of 1866 |
Gave Republicans power tried to impeach tenure of office act Congress established military districts |
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Freedmen bureau (1865) |
Lincoln, intended to aid freed slaves. Early reconstruction. distributed food and clothing rented out then sold plots of land
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Wartime Reconstruction |
-did not wait for end of war -Lincoln believed plan to be executive -Congress believed legislative - |
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Lincoln's proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863) |
10 percent plan |
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African American quest for autonomy |
Wanted -education -land -money -restoration -independent worship |
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Presidential Reconciliation |
Johnson -taylor -democrat -state rights -renounce -debts not binding -ratify 13th ammendment |
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Black Codes (1865) |
Southern state laws discriminating against blacks -none granted right to vote |
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Freemens bill |
extends freemens -johnson vetoed |
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Civil rights act of 1866 |
Nullified black codes and gave equal rights -vetoed Pushed through by congress |
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14th ammendment Congressional reconstruction |
made blacks citizens allowed congress to change rep. in south ignored women |
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National Union party |
Conservative party formed by Johnson. Mobs broke out. |
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Military Reconstruction act |
Divided 10 confederate states into 5 military districts. -vetoed by Johnson -overturned -no land but voting rights -ended congressional reconstruction
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Impeachment |
Abuse of constitutional powers removal of stanton one short |
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15th amendment (1869) |
gave blacks vote nationwide early feminist movement |
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freedmen, yankees an yeomen |
nearly all blacks registered as republican carpetbaggers-northern whites who went south (poor) scalawag-white southern republican (1/4 of s.rs)
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white terror 1866 |
ku klux klan confederate veterans supported democrats |
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reconstruction constitutions |
increased democratic equality voting rights expanded state's responsibility for welfare prisons orphans insane
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southern reconsturtion |
Education civil rights economic development public education
Fell short public morale low corruption black labor |
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Sharecropping |
Rent land Work for rent Markets sprung crop lien: advance goods |
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Grant's presidency (1868) |
-surrounded himself with army buddies -kkk reign of terrorL |
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Liberal Party |
-Anti Grant Republicans -proposed fixed wages -remove federal troops from south |
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Ku Klux Klan act (1871) |
interference with voting rights illegal |
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Civil rights act of 1875 |
Outlawed racial discrimination in public places, but not enforced |
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Slaughterhouse cases (1873) |
14th only protected rights stemmed from federal for federal |
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United States vs. Cruikshank (1876) |
Congress only had power to legislate against discrimination by states not individuals |
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White supremacy |
lost cause redeemers; democrats who wanted home rule Colfax massacre:went unsolved |
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Compromise of 1877 |
Democratic promise not to block hayes inauguration, hayes vowed to refrain from using army in south and to give them railroad funding |
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Indian Removal |
Army removed tribes (1830s jackson). |
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Buffalo |
Decreasing by 1850s After civil war nearly extinct from industrialism |
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"Peace Policy" |
Grant rounded up indians into reserves |
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Comancheria |
Great power house Ransacked Fort Hill |
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Fight for Black Hills |
Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) agreed to abandon bozeman trail and gave indians control of the blackhills contradictions |
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Custer's last stand battle of the big horn (1876) |
last stand for sioux |
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Indian schools and cultures |
Forced them to go to school |
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Dawes Allotment Act (1887) |
divided reservations and allotted parcels of land took even more land ghost dance; non violent resistance
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Wounded knee (1890) |
sitting bull killed sioux revolt |
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Comstock (1859) |
Nevada Silver San fran stock market
1873 discovered gold and silvern created corporations Millds |
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Diverse west |
at least 8 races buffalo soldiers;blacks who fought in w. |
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Workingmen's party (1876) |
Formed to fight for chinese exlcusion |
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Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) |
Barred chinese immigration |
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The Homestead act of 1862 |
promised 160 acrs to any citizen who settled on land for five years |
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Transcontinental railroads |
first in 1869 could choose from four y 1880's |
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Great American Desert |
Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado |
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Ranchers and Cowboys (1865-1885) |
Followed railroads barbed wire |
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fh |
Commercial Farming steel plows reepers steam Industrial Cowboys |
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Gilded Age |
Markets seized and power consolidated in rising steel, railroad, oil
Goul, Carnegie, Rockefeller |
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Railroads |
Privately Owned Publicly funded Overbuilt Gould used stocks Big land grants opened big businesses Communication (telegraph) morse stock manipulation again |
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Steel |
Carnegie Steel b/c of railroads Vertical integration as soon as they're mined they're mine |
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Oil |
Rockefeller Trust- Just controlled refinery |
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Technology |
Phone became AT%T Electricity to GE |
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Finance capitalism |
investment sponsored by banks and bankers JP morgan funded in tough times took over carnegie steel new anonymous corporate world |
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Social Darwinism |
Justified economic inequality gospel of wealth by carnegie supported laizes faire |
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Business and gov. |
14th amendment to count business as person spoils system-money and politics |
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New South |
modeled on industrial north use natural advantages (labor/resources) Railroads first South and tobacco |
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Separate sphere |
Political participation for men only |
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Jim Crow Laws |
separate but equal lynched b/c threatened southern girls |
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Women's activism |
Women's clubs thrived after civil war State and local merged for GFWC Temperance movement WCTU (1874)-prohibition party |
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Corruption and party strife |
Corruption and factionalism from grant carried in 1880's spoils system Garfield assassinated Arthur Pendleton Civil service act of 1883-permanent civil service commission of three members |
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teriff |
1880's big issue Protective tariff hurt south Reduce tariff in 1890 republicans (mckinley) launched biggest tariff ever 1892 cleveland over tariff reform |
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Railroads, trusts, fed gov |
Agreed on need for federal regulations, get rid of trusts |
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Interstate commerce commission (1887) |
Oversee railroad industry |
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Sherman Antitrust act (1890) |
outlawed pools and trusts |
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Free silver |
Farmers who had suffered from deflation and those who saw metals go down wanted fed. to mint silver |
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Greenback labor party |
alliance of farmers and urban wage laborers |
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Panic and Depression |
depression (1893) Cleveland bankers led by JP morgan bailed out 1894-1895 was bad, cleveland wasn't a fan of gov. interference |
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Rise of city |
global migration in port cities of East Coast slum New mobility |
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Racism |
Each newcomer was inferior 1880's pogroms from russia and poland Blacks moved north |
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Social geography |
People commuted rich and poor seperated
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Family Economy |
Everyone contributes
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White collar |
Managerial revolution offices and stores women typewriters and salesclerks Marriage and home over office |
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Workers organize |
Strikes during depressions Knights of labor and American federation of labor abolishing class priveleges and monopolies |
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Railroad strike of 1877 |
Following panic of 1873 Lost jobs Pay cuts West virginia brakemens strike kicked it off Violence |
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Haymarket |
bomb thrown during peaceful strikesd |
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domesticity |
ideology that dictated woman's place from early 1800s domestics-live in servants-fixture in north Entertainment coney island |
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Building Cities |
Private enterprise not planners Stone and steel Brooklyn bridge Skyscraper (chicago) Infrastracture urban public parks |
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City Government |
Bosses helped build cities William tweed democratic "machine" win elections reward followers
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World's Columbian exposition (1893) |
Chicago |
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Farmer's revolt |
1880's and 1890's were tough crop prices fell consumer prices soared Farmer's alliance northwestern and midwestern worked with colored farmers' alliance direct political action |
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Populist movement |
People's party launched by farmer's alliance Subtreasury; store nonperashible crops until prices rose land reform Currency reform |
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The labor wars |
Laborers strike and fought 1882 homestead lockout steelworkers in PA again carnegie over right to organize mills. |
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Cripple Creek Miner's strike of 1894 |
Mine owners looked to increase shifts from 8-10hours. WFM held line. Strike fund. Local businesses and grocers. |
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Eugene v Debs and pullman strikes |
pullman manipulated living situation Workers fled to ARU led by Debs.m strikes futile labor little discourse populist to socialist |
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Women's activism |
Francis Willard president of WCTU met to talk about homes-moved into politics felt vulnerable to drunkeness Social action replaced prayer |
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NAWSA (1890) |
state level to gain vote for women Susan b Anthony |
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Coxey's army |
unemplyed americans marched D.C 1894 to call their plight and urge congress. Coxey proposed scheme to finance punlic works through non interest bonds. |
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Peoples party election of 1896 |
call not to reform but revolutionize no color issues called for free silver crushed with agrarian revolt when voters switched to democrat to beat mckinley |
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Markets and missionaries |
depression of the 1890's made need for expansion
Boxers were chinese anti missionaries |
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Monroe Doctrine (1900) |
mckinley stay away or risk war open door market access to china |
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Spanish American war |
humanitarian effort to free cuba from spain. U.S aquired territories. Monroe doc. made Spain's presence in Cuba unacceptable. Philipines to china.
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Imperialism |
Democrats and former populists question if its wrong philipines faught back |
