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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cause of WW1
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Franz Ferdinand and his wife shot by Gavrilo Princip
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How were all Euro powers drawn into war?
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Secret alliances
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Central Powers?
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Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire (Italy at one time)
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Allied Powers?
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Tzarist Russia, France, Great Britain, Japan, Italy
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Italy's reason for joining Allied Powers
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Austria had control of some of thier land
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Western Front:
Guns of August |
Germans invaded France through the low lands (Belgium)
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Western Front:
Battle of the Marne |
French and British took a stance against Germany
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Would either side win clearly? (WWI)
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No
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Military Technology used
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Machine guns, Posion Gas, Ariel bombing, Tanks (Naval Power)
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What was better about the military technology at this time?
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much more advanced than older weapons (even changed their strategy)
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Trench Warfare
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slow and grueling form of defense-oriented warfare in which both sides constructed elaborate and heavily armed trench and dugout systems opposing each other
(Wikipedia.com) |
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No Mans Land
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The area between opposing trench lines was fully exposed to artillery fire from both sides. Attacks, even successful ones, often sustained severe casualties
(Wikipedia.com) |
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Shell Shock
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caused by being fired at and being the brink of death constantly
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What America's Initial Reaction to WWI?
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Neutrality, American Isolationism, Monroe Doctrine
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What did Pres. Woodrow Wilson urge
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To be neutral in thought as well as in action
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Why was being neutral in thought and action hard?
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American's came from all over the world
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What Loyalties during WWI became divided
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German and Irish Americans
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WWI
What affect did war on high seas have on America |
Jeopardized America neutrality rights to trade with any nation
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British Naval Blockade of Central Powers
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wanted to starve Germans to submission by promising American more money to stop trading with them
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WWI
What did German do if you were flying a Britain flag on your ship |
liable to destruction by U-Boat (submarine)
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WWI
Lusitania |
-Sunk by German torpedo
-was a civilian ship carrying military supplies |
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WWI
Urestricted Sub warfare |
Sink any ship (by Germans)
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Zimmerman telegram
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-intercepted message to German ambassador in US
-wanted to keep Am. out of war by having Mexico create conflict in Am. -in exchange they would help Mexico |
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WWI
What made America decide to enter the war? |
-unrestricted sub warfare
-Interception of Zimmeran telegram -Geman U-Boats sank 5 unarmed merchant vessles |
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WWI
War Declaration |
Congress approves Wilson's request to Declare War on Germany
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General John "Black Jack" Pershing
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Said fresh bodies were needed in war
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WWI
Conscription |
Selective Service Act of 1917
(Draft) |
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WWI
Doughboys |
U.S. Army enlisted soldiers from the draft
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WWI
Convoy System |
merchant ships entered convoys escorted by destroyers. (wikipedia.com)
-no Am. soldier died on way to Europe |
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WWI
Voluntarism |
-Men for army
-ppl volunteer supplies -War industries Board -Food Admin led by Herbert Hoover checked themeat |
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WWI
One 100% Americanism |
-Anti-German Sentiments
-Espionage and Sedition Acts |
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WWI
Espionage and Sedition Acts |
made antiwar activites illegal and anned treasonus materials from mail and do not bad talk war
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WWI
Anti German Sentiments |
take German language out of school
German=BAD |
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WWI
Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes |
Speech that presents clear and present danger becomes prohibitted
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WWI
Russian Revloution |
-Russians and Serbs vs. Germans, Austrians and Turks
-25% Russians w/out weapons -ppl were starving and blamed tsar |
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WWI:Russian Revolution
Vladimir Lenin & the Bolsheviks |
-Capture Imperial Family
-Promises "Peace, Land, Bread -Russian Civil war -Treaty Of Brest Litovisk |
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WWI: Russian Revolution
Russian Civil War |
-Whites (Imperial) vs. Reds (Bolsheviks)
-allies sided with Emperor |
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WWI: Russian Revloution
Treaty of Brest Litovisk |
-took Russia out of the war
-led to collpase of Eastern front |
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WWI: Russian Revolution
Am. counterattacks |
-Wilson wanted all of the credit
-US shows up and in 6 months the war is over! |
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WWI: Russian Revoltion
What happeneed at the llth hour of the llth day of the llth month of 1918 |
Germany surrenders
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Post WWI
Leauge of Nations |
Designed by Wilson to mediate disputes btwn nations ensuring the "great war" would be the war to end all wars
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Post WWI
War Guilt Clause |
England and France blamed Germany for war
-15 yr occupation of demitarized German Rhineland -land taken from Germ to coincide w/ principle of national self determination |
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Post WWI
Treaty of Versailles |
-US Senate disapproved treaty
-opposed to ide of "foreign entanglements" -Am does not join league of nations -settles ito another era of isolationism |
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Post WWI
Red Scare |
Did not want communists in government
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Post WWI
Emergency quota act of 1921 |
-bans all immigraiontion (esp Japan)
-stops ppl from fleeig their country to Am |
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Post WWI
xenophobia |
fear and hatred of strangers/foregners
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Post WWI
KKK |
-expands to milions
-hate latinos, catholics, and jews (anyone not white) |
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Post WWI
Election of 1920 |
- Dem: wilson
-Rep: Warren G harding and Calvin Coolidge -support normalcy |
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Post WWI
Normalcy |
everyone do their own thing
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Post WWI
Warren G harding |
-retrn to laissez Faire and normalcy
-Teapot Dome Scandal -Died of heart attack |
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Post WWI
Teapot Dome Scandal |
-illegal oil leasing
-not Harding's fault |
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Post WWI
Calvin Coolidge |
-becomes president after Harding's death
-Silent Cal |
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Post WWI
Election of 1928 |
-3rd rep landslide
-Hoover vs. Coolidge |
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Post WWI
Herbert Hoover |
-Stock Market crash
-Depression -reduced natl debt -cut taxes for wealthy |
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Post WWI
Consumer Culture |
-increased Am spending habbits
-advertizing -Instalment buying (buying on time) -everyone on layway or credit |
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Post WWI
Jazz Age |
-motion pictures (big screen)
-Talkies (jazz singer) |
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Post WWI
Jazz |
first truly am form of music
-rebellious pop music |
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Post WWI
18th ammendmetn |
prohibits sel, making or transportation of alchohol
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Post WWI
speak easies |
rise of underground bars
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Post WWI
Flappers |
dance to jazz
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Post WWI
Sexual revolution |
no more corset, dresses shorter and sleevless, bamey mugging teens
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Post WWI
Causes of Great Depression |
-stock market crash
-bank failures -too many poor farm failures |
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Post WWI
Dustbowl |
worst drought in great plains
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Post WWI
Minoriteis during Great Depression |
-whites took the "lowly" jobs only minorites did
-hispanics deported |
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Post WWI
Woemen in Great depression |
pink collared jobs spared- nomen would do a womens job (secretary, watiress, clerk
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Post WWI
Hoover and Deression |
-responded slowly
-was blamed: hooverville, |
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Post WWI
Bonus Army Marches |
war veterans in D.c needed theri pension now and marched at white house
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Post WWI
Mc Arthru |
sesent to dispurse bonus army
-attacks them and sets their houses on fire (am fights own verterans) |
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WWII
Russia |
USSR greated (union of socialtis republic) by lennin
-he dies, stalin comes to power |
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WWII
5 yr plans |
-indutrialize russia like u.s and britain
-created tolitarin state -killed those who did not meet quota (millions |
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WWII
Tolitarin State |
govt is a single party dictaorship that contrl every aspect of the lices of its citizens
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WWII
Itlay |
Benito Mussolin becomes leader facism
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WWII
Benito Musslini |
-promised to restore order and prid in country fragmented buy sisscion and self doubt
-Extemre nationalism |
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WWII
Germany |
Rise of hitler
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WWII
Hitler |
-Nazi party
-emphazised resentment toward treat of versailes -mein compf became dictator proclaimed birth of 3rd Reicht (3rd germ. empire) |
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WWII
Nazism |
German and ppl greatest in world
-anti semitism -Aryan Race (created in hitlers mind) |
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WWII
Hitlers Agression March |
-reoccupies Rhineland
-provides weapons to franco during span civil war -unites w/ austria (austrain anshulus) |
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WWII
Policy of Appeasement |
-give hitler what he wants to avoid war
-held by eng and france |
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WWII
Crisis over Czech |
Hitler believes they are so great the should be albe to epeand
WWII |
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WWII
Sudetenland |
3 mill germans lived in land given to czech
-germans should live in germ -take over szech |
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WWII
Munich conference |
-to dicuss czech crisis
-hitler agrees only to occupy suetenland -no czechs, staln or russin present -he lies -takes over czech no one stops him. |
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WWII
What did Chamberland announce |
Britain would aide Poland if it were attacked
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WWII
What sides were courting the Soviet Union? |
British and German
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WWII
Who launched a blitzkreig against Poland |
Germany
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WWII
Blitzkreig |
Fast and furious attack to divide and conquer
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WWII
What led to the collapse of Europe? |
Hitler's blitzkreig against denmark, norway, luxenburg, the netherlands and belgium
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WWII
What was the effect after the collapse of Europe |
French surrendered and became german occupied power
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WWII
What did FDR proclaim |
reman neutral
in action, not thought |
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WWII
Lend-Lease Act |
u.s authorized president to furnish military suppies to nations "vital to the defense of the u.s" (Great Britain most)
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WWII
5 Power Naval Treaty |
signed by Britain, U.S Japan, France and Italy
limited production of ships no battleships no fortifying in pacific |
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WWII
Who invaded Manchuria and launched a full scale war against chinese? |
Japan b/c they were rich in resources
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WWII
who occupied french indo china |
Japan
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WWII
Oil Embargo |
oil, scrap metal and rubber will not be sent to japan
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WWII
Where did US move Pacific fleet |
Hawaii
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WWII
When did Japan make a mad dash to u.s? |
while their representatives were negotiating with am. where they conlcluded war was inevitable
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WWII
Pearl Harbour |
japan attacked early morning
Destroying lives and ships FDR declares war |
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WWII
Early Pacific War |
-japan caputuure am. in bataan
-mc arthur vowed i shall return -pows treated harshly |
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WWII
Battle of Coral Sea |
first naval fight where the ships never saw eachother
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WWII
Battle of Midway |
Turning point of Pacific War
Nimitz broke naval code and caught japan offguard |
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WWII
Cross channel assault on Hitlers Atlantic wall D-Day |
-used hollywood tactics
-greatest invasion in the annals of histroy -could not lose this battle |
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WWII
Rooselvelts 4th term |
chose harry s. Truman as his vice president
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WWII
Ardrennes Forest-Battle of the bulge |
stale mate on german front
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WWII
RACE TO BERLIN |
GERN. EISENHOWER COULD NOT GET THERE FIRST, SO SOVIETS LIBERATED BERLIN
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WWII
the big three at yalta |
CHURCHILL, FDR AND STALIN MET AT YALTA TO DETERMINE POSTWAR WORLD
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WWII
COLLAPSE OF THE THIRD REICH |
-ITALIAN PARTISANS CAPTURED AND BRUTALLY MURDERED MUSSOLINI
-HITLER MARRIED HIS MISTRESS BEFORE KILLING HIMSELF |
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WWII
ISLAND HOPPING |
ALLOWED ALLY VICTORY IN PACIFIC (AGAINST JAPAN)
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WWII
MANHATTAN PROJECT |
-SECRET PROJECT FOR ATOMIC BOMB
-TRUMAN BELIEVED USING IT WOULD SAVE LIVES |
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WWII
POSTDAM DECLARATION |
JAPAN MUST SURRENDER OR FACE PROMPT AND UTTER DESTRUCTION
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WWII
LITTLE BOY |
DROPPED OVER HIROSHIMA
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WWII
FAT MAN |
DROPPED OVER NAGASAKI
MAKES FINAL POINT |
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WWII
EFFECT OF ATOMIC BOMB |
JAPAN SURRENDERS
MC ARTHUR ACCEPTS ABOARD USS MISSOURI |
