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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Leave it to Beaver
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Profound impact of the 1950s as to how life as we know it should be depicted. Stay at home wife with a breadwinner father, the ideal family of 4 is a “typical” family make-up. Liberals see that if we do not recognize that this family markup is on a decline we cannot justify new family definitions and social policies. Conservatives believe this dynamic still exists but is endangered by liberal policies. Want to pass measures to revive the “moral” and stable family life typical of the 1950s. Reflects “Golden Age” of capitalism. **important to realize not everyone had this lifestyle. ¼ of ppl poor 1/3 children poor. Showed transition of 50s. beginning of the decade The Honeymooners was popular (featured working class family in urban apartments) was replaced w/ Beaver (set in suburban home)
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
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1955 Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man on a bus in Montgomery, catalyst to the Bus Boycott in which all black residents in Montgomery, AL refused to ride the bus; crippled the bus industry in Montgomery as black riders were the bulk of the market. Lasted over a year and incited many black prominent figures to rally for this cause including MLK. Ended with the Browder v Gayle case and the Supreme Court cited segregated busing as unconstitutional.
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Domino Theory
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The theory was created under President Dwight D. Eisenhower's reign. It was a foreign policy of the United States government during the 1950s to 1980s. It basically said that if one land in a region came under the influence of communism, the surrounding countries around the world would also fall to communism in a 'domino effect'. The Domino Theory is significant because it shows the sign of the times where communism was a huge scare and everyone was accusing others of being communists; also a scare tactic of the USSR.
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“Duck and Cover”
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method of protection against effects of a nuclear weapon that the US government taught generations of children from 1950s-80s. supposed to protect against event of unexpected nuclear attack which if a flash was seen ppl had to stop what they were doing and get on the ground under some cover (table) and assume the fetal position lying face down and covering their heads with their hands; displayed American fear of nuclear war
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Fallout shelter
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enclosed space specifically designed to protect occupants from radioactive debris/fallout after a nuclear explosion. Designed to allow occupants to minimize exposure to harmful fallout until radioactivity has decayed to a safer level. Many have been decommissioned since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991; Displayed American fear of a nuclear war. There was not just fear but expectance and it was widespread. Shows the amount of tensions between US and Soviet Union.
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Joseph McCarthy
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Republican Senator from Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. He was noted for making claims that there were large numbers (205) of Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers inside the United States federal government and elsewhere. McCarthy's tactics and his inability to substantiate his claims led him to be censured by the United States Senate. The term McCarthyism, coined in 1950 entered the political vocab as shorthand for character assassination, and abuse of power in the name of communism
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House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
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1938-75 was an investigative committee under the House of Representatives. Committee was abolished in ’75. Anti-Communist investigations. Ordered citizens to testify about political associations, many pled 5th, refused name dropping and lost jobs and reputations. Charged the Hollywood Ten with contempt of Congress and terms of 6 months to a year. These people were then blacklisted (refused employment)in Hollywood along with 200 others.
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Kitchen debate
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a series of impromptu exchanges between then U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev at the opening of the American National Exhibition at Sokolniki Park in Moscow on July 24, 1959. ** SIG: Argued how the convenience of American appliances and freedom of choice among products made the suburban setting enjoyable and symbol of American freedom. These products make housewives happy and therefore makes the United States overall more superior. Penetration of American goods and pop culture more potent form of influence than military might K: saw some items as useless gadgets w/ no purpose
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Camelot Myth (about Kennedy, not King Arthur
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coined by Jackie O. described the time of husband’s presidency was a period of hope and optimism in US history and wants that time to be preserved. In office 61-63. Had youth/charisma, connections, spotlight, navy war hero. Still rides high in opinion polls as one of the greatest president’ of all time
- Unique, young, charisma, movie-star good looks, wealth and connections, down to earth demeanor, master of the spotlight, glamorous first couple. Because of this he rides high in opinion polls. The myth reveals more about needs/hopes of American people than about Kennedy himself. |
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First televised presidential campaign debate (Kennedy vs Nixon, 1960)
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debate featured on TV for the first time to the American public. Based on viewer response, handsome Kennedy bested Nixon who seemed tired and nervous (had a cold). Those who heard it on radio thought Nixon won, those who saw it gave it to Kennedy. Assuaged voters that his Catholic background wouldn’t affect his presidency. Won by a narrow margin of 120,000 votes out of 69mil
- Kennedy looked young and brilliant because he had prepared and wore makeup. Eisenhower looked old, refused to wear makeup and didn’t prepare. As a result, it shaped Kennedy’s campaign and gained him a lot of support. |
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Greensboro sit-in
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series of nonviolent protests of students from NC A&T who sat at the lunch counter everyday for five months (with the support of fellow students and local whites) which led to the Woolworth’s department store chain reversing its policy of racial segregation in Southern US. Instrumental leading to increased national sentiment at a crucial time in US history
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Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee • SNCC:
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Founded in Raleigh and inspired by the Greensboro sit ins. Dedicated to replacing the culture of segregation with a “beloved community” of racial justice and to empowering ordinary blacks to take control of the decisions that affected their lives. SNCC’s pressure through voter registration projects led to the obvious necessity for a voting rights act from the government. Played a large role in freedom rides **SIG: amongst the principle organization of the civil rights movement of the 1960s (separate from SCLC and NAACP)
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Congress on Racial Equality's “freedom rides”
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in 1961 launched freedom rides. Integrated groups traveled by bus into Deep south to test compliance with court orders banning segregation on interstate buses/trains and in terminal facilities. Violent mobs assaulted them. Many of the riders were arrested but actions led Interstate Commerce Commision to order buses and terminals be desegregated
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“Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
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written by MLK who was serving a 9 day term in April of 1963 for violating a ban on demonstrations, he was responding to a local clergyman who counseled patience, MLK related the litany of abuses faced by black southerners from police brutality to the daily humiliation of having to explain to children the ways of life. stated the “white moderate” must put aside fear of disorder and commit himself to racial justice
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March on Washington
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August 28, 1963 250,000 black/white Americans converged on Washington. (**considered high point of nonviolent civil rights movement). Led by Philip A. Randolph was the largest public demonstration at the time. Wanted passage of civil rights bill, public works program to reduce unemployment, increase in minimum wage, law barring discrimination in employment. Culminated into MLK’s I have a dream speech on the steps of Lincoln Memorial
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