History 101C Second Test

Front 1

La Boheme

Back 1

A 1896 opera in which one character suffers from tuberculosis (consumption)

Front 2

Louis Pasteur

Back 2

A French microbiologist, born in 1822, known for his work surrounding vaccinations and the prevention of disease.

Front 3

Corsets

Back 3

A garment used to immobilize the torso of patients with spinal problems

Front 4

Koch's Postulates

Back 4

A series of rules that need to be followed for the causal organism of a disease to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

Front 5

Variolation and Vaccination

Back 5

Variolation is the method used to immunize against smallpox. Vaccination is the same, but can be for other diseases.

Front 6

Broad St. Pump

Back 6

The source of a cholera outbreak in 1854 in Soho, as identified by John Snow

Front 7

Sir Patrick Manson

Back 7

A Scottish physician, born 1844, he founded the field of tropical medicine, he helped convince other doctors that malaria was spread by mosquitos.

Front 8

US Marine Hospital Services

Back 8

An organization of marine hospitals dedicated to providing care for ill and disabled seamen.

Front 9

Justus von Liebig

Back 9

Suggested that disease could be caused by microorganisms similarly to how yeast causes sugar to ferment.

Front 10

omnis cellula a cellula

Back 10

A saying popularized by Rudolf Virchow, rejecting the concept of spontaneous generation.

Front 11

Origin of Species

Back 11

Published in 1859, Charles Darwin's famous literature that provided the foundation for evolutionary biology.

Front 12

social darwinism

Back 12

Applying the biological concept of natural selection to human society.

Front 13

social medicine

Back 13

A field that seeks to understand how economic and social forces impact health and disease.

Front 14

Salvarsan

Back 14

A drug introduced in 1910 as a treatment fpor syphilis.

Front 15

Mary Mallon

Back 15

Sometimes known as "typhoid Mary", several typhoid outbreaks in the early 1900s were traced back to her.

Front 16

Thomas McKeown

Back 16

A physician who believed that economic and nutritional advances were responsible for the decline in mortality between 1848 and 1971.

Front 17

Joseph Baron Lister

Back 17

A Britush surgeon who was the first to develop an antiseptic spray for use in surgery in 1865.

Front 18

Ignaz Semmelweiss

Back 18

A Hungarian physician (d. 1861) who proposed the idea of washing with chlorinated lime solution in order to sterilize and disinfect surgery equipment.

Front 19

Ronald Ross

Back 19

An Indian Medical Service officer who proved that mosquitoes carry malaria, won Nobel Prize for physiology in 1902.

Front 20

Camp Funston

Back 20

A US army training camp, in 1918 some of the first reported cases of Spanish Flu in America were here.

Front 21

Reed's Spanish War experiment

Back 21

Walter Reed's experiment where in 1900 he used human volunteers to study yellow fever.

Front 22

H1N1

Back 22

A strain of flu virus responsible for pandemics in 1918 (Spanish Flu) and 2009

Front 23

Major W.L. Reade

Back 23

A surgeion-major in the Royal Army Medical Corps who tried to stop the spread of plague in India, 1899.

Front 24

Indian Plague Commission

Back 24

An organization that dealt with stopping the spread of the plague in India around 1900.

Front 25

Plasmodium falciparum

Back 25

A parasite that causes malaria in humans.

Front 26

The "Rome School"

Back 26

A society founded in 1898 for studying malaria.

Front 27

geomedicine

Back 27

The branch of medicine dealing with the influence of climatic and environmental conditions on health.

Front 28

Zyklon

Back 28

A cyanide-based pesticide that was used in German gas chambers in World War 2.

Front 29

Rickettsia prowazekii

Back 29

A bacteria that is known to cause typhus.

Front 30

Alexander Fleming

Back 30

A Scottish biologist known for discovering penicillin in 1928.

Front 31

Drinker ventilator

Back 31

An artificial respirator invented by Phillip Drinker in 1928

Front 32

Franklin Roosevelt

Back 32

An American president who contracted polio in 1921.

Front 33

National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis

Back 33

An organization founded in 1938 by Franklin Roosevelt to combat polio.

Front 34

Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

Back 34

A study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the US Public Health Service to examine the effects of syphilis on men who thought they were receiving treatment.

Front 35

Retroviruses

Back 35

A family of viruses that replicate through reverse transcription.

Front 36

Gaetan Dugas

Back 36

An Air Canada flight attendant who was deemed "patient zero" of the AIDS epidemic in North America of the early 1980s.

Front 37

And the Band Played On

Back 37

A 1987 book written by Randy Shilts about the discovery and spread of the AIDS virus in the early 1980s.

Front 38

The River (Edward Hooper)

Back 38

A 1999 book claiming that AIDS was created by scientists.

Front 39

Thabo Mbeki

Back 39

The president of South Africa from 1999 to 2008, he held controversial views about the transmission of AIDS.

Front 40

First Motion Picture Unit

Back 40

The film production unit of the US Army Air Forces during World War 2.

Front 41

DDT

Back 41

A chemical first synthesized in 1874, it was used to control malaria and typhus in World War 2.

Front 42

Edwin Chadwick

Back 42

An English public health reformer who improved sanitary conditions in England in the mid 1800s

Front 43

Benjamin Rush

Back 43

One of the founding fathers of the USA, he believed that quarantining was a violation of people's liberty.

Front 44

Salk vaccine

Back 44

A polio vaccine developed in 1952 by Jonas Salk.