Histology Test 1

Front 1

What are the three components of an extracellular matrix?

Back 1

Fibers
Ground Substance
Tissue Fluid

Front 2

Most CT originates from __?

Back 2

mesoderm

Front 3

What occupies the space between the cells of CT?

Back 3

Ground substance

Front 4

GAGs make up the __?

Back 4

Ground Substance

Front 5

Four groups of GAGs.

Back 5

1. Hyaluronic Acid
2. Chonditin Sulfate/ Dermatan Sulfate
3. Heparin Sulfate
4.Keratin Sulfate

Front 6

Hyaluronic Acid
Component of?
Resists?

Back 6

Component of cartilage, synovial fluid, vitreous humor

Resists compression

Front 7

Chondritin sulfate
Component of?

Back 7

Hyaline and elastic cartilage, arteries

Front 8

Dermatan sulfate
component of?

Back 8

skin, blood vessels, heart valves

Front 9

Heparin Sulfate
Associated with?

Back 9

Reticular fibers, blood vessel walls, many cell surfaces

Front 10

Heparin

Back 10

lungs, skin, liver, mast cells

Front 11

Keratin sulfate
where?

Back 11

Found in cornea
nucleus pulposus
cartilage

Front 12

Macromolecules that bind ECM components to each other and to cell integrins (like glue)

Back 12

Glycoproteins

Front 13

Mediates diffusion of oxygen and nutrients between vasculature and cells.

Back 13

Glycoproteins

Front 14

What are the 4 types of ECM Glycoproteins?

Back 14

1. Fibronectin
2. Laminin
3. Chondronectin
4. Osteonectin

Front 15

Fibronectin
mediates?
Binds to?
Found where?

Back 15

Mediates cell adhesion to ECM.
Binds to integrin. (Hemidesmosomes)
Found in CT cells and cell surfaces

Front 16

The plasma form of this glycoprotein is dissolved in the blood and involved in clotting and wound healing.

Back 16

Fibronectin

Front 17

This ECM glycoprotein binds collagen, heparin, and mediates cell adhesion to ECM by binding to integrins.

Back 17

Fibronectin

Front 18

Laminin
Component of?

Back 18

Component of basement membranes.

Front 19

Chondronectin function?

Back 19

Attaches chondrocytes to Type II Collagen

Front 20

This ECM glycoprotein functions in development and maintenance of cartilage.

Back 20

Chondronectin

Front 21

Osteonectin
where?
what does it do?

Back 21

Found in bone.
Links minerals to Type I Collagen.

Front 22

This ECM glycoprotein influences calcification by inhibiting crystal growth.

Back 22

Osteonectin

Front 23

What are the three types of CT Fibers?

Back 23

1. Collagen Fibers
2. Reticular Fibers
3. Elastic Fibers

Front 24

Type I Collagen
where?
who?

Back 24

BONE, Dense and Loose CT, Tendons, Fascia

Fibroblasts, Osteoblasts, Odontoblasts

Front 25

Type II Collagen
Where?
Who?

Back 25

COLLAGEN
Hyaline and Elastic Cartilage (Nucleus Pulposus, Epiphyseal Plate)

Chondroblasts

Front 26

Type III Collagen
Where?
Who?

Back 26

RETICULAR FIBERS (provide elasticity)
liver, lymph nodes, CT, vessels

Schwann cells, hepatocytes, Smooth muscle cells

Front 27

Type IV and VII Collagen
Where?
Who?

Back 27

BASEMENT MEMBRANE

Connects basement membrane of epithelium to CT.
Endothelial and epithelial cells, muscle cells, fibroblasts

Front 28

Type V Collagen
similar to?
formed as?
where?

Back 28

Similar to Type I.
Formed as thin layers around cells.
Muscle and tendon sheaths, placenta.

Front 29

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Back 29

CT disorder.
Affects collagen structure and function causing instability. Super flexible.

Front 30

What fibers are twisted together to make an elastic fiber?

Back 30

Elastin and Fibrillin

Front 31

Marfan Syndrome

Back 31

A genetic disorder affecting CT. Dereditary defect of Elastin and Fibrillin fibers (which make up elastic fibers).

Front 32

Fibroblasts
arise from?
make?

Back 32

arise from mesenchymal cells

spindle shaped, make ECM components

Front 33

Adipocytes
arise from?
function?

Back 33

arise from mesenchymal cells

fat storage

Front 34

Macrophages originate as ? where?

Back 34

Macrophages differentiate from monocytes which come from bone marrow. (travel in blood to different places to mature into different macrophage phenotypes)

Front 35

Mast Cells

Back 35

arise from myeloid stem cells during hematopoiesis

Front 36

Plasma Cells

Back 36

placed strategically around the body to make immunoglobins

Front 37

Lymphocytes arise from? types?

Back 37

arise from lymphoid stem cells in bone marrow.

Tcells and Bcells

Front 38

Neutrophils are the first cell in ?

Back 38

First cell that appears in inflammatory reaction. Phagocytic.

Front 39

Eosinophils are important for?

Back 39

important for parasite immune response.

Front 40

Cells > Fibers

Back 40

Loose CT

Front 41

Types of Loose CT

Back 41

Reticular Tisue
Adipose Tissue

Front 42

Reticular Tissue
fibers?
where?

Back 42

Type III FIbers (reticular)
Liver, bone marrow, endocrine glands

Front 43

Fibers > Cells

Back 43

Dense CT

Front 44

3 types of Dense CT

Back 44

Dense Regular
Dense Irregular
Elastic Tissue

Front 45

Dense regular CT
fiber bundle arrangement?
contain?
where?

Back 45

Fiber bundles arranged in uniform manner.
Contain fibroblasts and fibrocytes.
Tendons and ligaments.

Front 46

Dense Irregular CT
fiber bundles?
contains?
where?

Back 46

Fiber bundles have no particular orientation so they are very strong.
Contains fibroblasts, macrophages.
Found in dermis, organ capsule, deep fascia

Front 47

Elastic Tissue
fiber arrangement?
contains?
examples?

Back 47

Sparse collagen fibers but LOTS of elastic fibers arranged in uniform OR irregular pattern.
Some fibroblasts present.
Ligamentum flavum and aorta.