Histology Of The Eye And Ear

Front 1

What layer of the eye consists of the sclera and cornea?

Back 1

The external layer, or fibrous tunic.

Front 2

Is the cornea vascular?

Back 2

No

Front 3

What is the most anterior layer of the cornea?

Back 3

Corneal epithelium

Front 4

What layer of the cornea contains collagen fibrils and no cells?

Back 4

Bowman's membrane

Front 5

Which layer of the cornea contains few cells and is rich in chondroitin sulfate?

Back 5

Stroma

Front 6

Which layer of the cornea is a simple squamous epithelium?

Back 6

Corneal Endothelium

Front 7

What is the layer of the cornea known as Descemet's membrane composed of?

Back 7

Homogeneous structure of fine collagen fibrils.

Front 8

What does the middle layer, or vascular tunic of the eye contain?

Back 8

Iris, ciliary body and choroid

Front 9

What is the internal layer of the eye called?

Back 9

Photoreceptive tunic

Front 10

What is the photoreceptive tunic composed of?

Back 10

Sensory retina

Front 11

What are the functions of the ciliary body?

Back 11

Accommodation (changes shape of lens) and production of aqueous humor.

Front 12

How does the ciliary body act upon the lens?

Back 12

It anchors and suspends it via zonular fibers

Front 13

What are folds in the ciliary body called?

Back 13

Ciliary processes

Front 14

What does the outer layer of the ciliary body contain?

Back 14

Melanin

Front 15

What type of cells does the inner non-pigmented layer of the ciliary body contain?

Back 15

Cuboidal cells that produce aqueous humor.

Front 16

What does the iris separate?

Back 16

The Anterior and Posterior chambers

Front 17

What structure is continuous with the ciliary body?

Back 17

Iris

Front 18

What structure represents a central adjustable aperture?

Back 18

Pupil

Front 19

What is the avascular structure between the iris and vitreous body?

Back 19

Lens

Front 20

What holds the lens in position?

Back 20

Zonular fibers

Front 21

What are lens fibers?

Back 21

Elongated columnar epithelial cells

Front 22

What is a cataract?

Back 22

Opacity of the lens

Front 23

What is the choroid composed of?

Back 23

Highly vascular loose connective tissue with many melanin-containing cells.

Front 24

Large network of capillaries in the _________ supplies the outer retina with nutrients and oxygen via diffusion.

Back 24

Choriocapillaris

Front 25

________ ____________ is a basement membrane that separates the retinal pigmented epithelial layer from the blood supply.

Back 25

Bruch's membrane

Front 26

What is the flow of aqueous humor?

Back 26

Excreted by ciliary body from posterior chamber to anterior chamber and then exits at the trabecular meshwork.

Front 27

What are the three different neurons in the retina?

Back 27

Photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells.

Front 28

Which layer of the retina contains a single layer of melanin-rich cuboidal cells separated from the choroid by Bruch's membrane?

Back 28

Retinal pigmented epithelium.

Front 29

Which layer of the retina consists of the outer photoreceptor segments?

Back 29

Rods and Cones

Front 30

Which layer of the retina is a region of junctional complexes between Muller processes and photoreceptor cells?

Back 30

External limiting membrane

Front 31

What does the Outer nuclear layer of the retina contain?

Back 31

Middle nucleated parts of rods and cones

Front 32

Which layer of the retina contains synapses between photoreceptors and bipolar cells?

Back 32

Outer plexiform layer

Front 33

What does the inner nuclear layer of the retina contain?

Back 33

Cell bodies of bipolar neurons and nuclei of Mueller cells

Front 34

Which layer of the retina is the synaptic region between bipolar and ganglion cells?

Back 34

Inner plexiform layer

Front 35

What does the Ganglion cell layer of the retina contain?

Back 35

Cell bodies of multipolar ganglion neurons

Front 36

Which layer of the retina contains ganglion cell axons that course toward the optic nerve?

Back 36

Nerve fiber layer

Front 37

Which layer of the retina is the boundary between neural retina and vitreous body?

Back 37

Internal limiting membrane

Front 38

What do bipolar cells do?

Back 38

Collect the visual input from cone and rod photoreceptors

Front 39

Which cells contain axons that converge on the optic nerve?

Back 39

Ganglion cells

Front 40

The nuclei of which cells form the inner nuclear layer of the retina?

Back 40

Mueller cells

Front 41

What are the photoreceptors?

Back 41

Rods and cones

Front 42

What shape are the outer segments of rods? Cones?

Back 42

Cylindrical. Conical

Front 43

What do the inner portions of rods and cones synapse with?

Back 43

Bipolar neurons

Front 44

What is the pigment found in rods?

Back 44

Rhodopsin

Front 45

What is the pigment found in cones?

Back 45

Iodopsin

Front 46

Which photoreceptors are used in low intensity light?

Back 46

Rods

Front 47

What is the blind spot?

Back 47

A spot with no photoreceptors due the the leaving of the optic nerve at the optic nerve head

Front 48

What are characteristics (3) of the fovea centralis?

Back 48

Sharpest visual acuity. Highest conc of cones. Directly in line with the visual axis.

Front 49

What are the three parts of the ear?

Back 49

External, middle and inner

Front 50

Which part of the ear contains the auditory ossicles?

Back 50

Middle ear

Front 51

What are the three ear ossicles?

Back 51

malleus, incus and stapes

Front 52

Inner ear contains receptors for what?

Back 52

Hearing and balance

Front 53

What is the inner ear composed of ?

Back 53

bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth

Front 54

What detects angular acceleration in the inner ear?

Back 54

Cristae ampullaris

Front 55

What responds to gravity?

Back 55

Maculae

Front 56

What responds to sound?

Back 56

Organ of Corti