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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the three histological layers of the eye?
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tunica fibrosa, tunica vasculosa, retina (neural coat)
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what is contained in tunica fibrosa?
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sclera and cornea
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what is contained in the tunica vasculosa?
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choroid, ciliary body, and iris
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what is contained in the retina?
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light sensitive portion and non light sensitive portion (which is associated with the ciliary body and iris). The transition occurs at the ora serrata
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what are the layers of the cornea?
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epithelium, bowmans membrane, substantia propria, descemet's membrane, and endothelium
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what will happen if the endothelium of the cornea is lost?
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the cornea can lose its transparency
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what supplies nutrients to the outer portions of the retina?
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the choricocapillary layer
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what is the area of transition from the cornea to the sclera?
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limbus
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how many and what types of epithelium are found over the cilliary process?
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two, a pigmented and non pigmented. These are the remnants of the retina
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cilliary processes make what?
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the aqueosus humor
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what two structures completely surround the lens (look like rays coming out of a central sun)?
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the suspensory ligaments (zonules) and the ciliary processes
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what atructure adjust the tension on the suspensory ligaments of the lens to allow for accomadation?
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the ciliary body, note that contraction of the sphincter puts less tension on the suspensory ligaments, thus the lens rounds up for close focusing like reading
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what is the purpose of the iris and what muscles helo it do this?
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keep light out when its too much. The constrictor pupillae is a sphincter that will close the pupil and the dilator muscle will dilate it (it is associated with the pigment layer and is thus very hard to see)
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describe the production, flow, removal and purpose of the aqueous humor.
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the humor is formed in the ciliary processes via the epi and the capillaries. It is excreted into the posterior chamber. It flows through the pupil to the anterior chamber, suppling nutrients and oxygen to the lens as it passes as well as the cornea. It then goes to the trabecular meshwork of the spaces of fontana and then to the canal of schlemm. Then to the venous sinuses
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how would one get glaucoma and what can it do to you?
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if their is too much aqueous humor being produced there is too much intra ocullar pressure. Thus the retina may be damaged and thus the vessels under it bc the hard sclera and cornea are made of collagen and will not give. Thus you could go blind
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what is an oppacity of the lens that may develop with age?
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cataract
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the suspensory ligs insert where on the lens?
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the capsule
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where will the extrinsic muscles try to focus an object in the eye?
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the macula and specefically the fovea
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what type of cells are concentrated in the fovea?
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cones
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what are the layers of the retina?
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pigment cells, photoreceptor layer, cell bodies of rods and cones, outer plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, ganglion cell layer, optic nerve fibers, inner limiting membrane
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what is the function of the pigment layer of the retina?
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absorbs light to keep it from bouncing all over and signalling the rods and cones to death. Also can digest the tips of worn out rods. Synthesize melanin and transport ions.
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where can retinal detachment occur?
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between rods and cones and the pigment layer
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rods and cones are supported by what kinds of cells?
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muller cells
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the inner mucous membrane of the eyelid is called what? What is it continuous with?
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conjunctiva, it becomes the bulbar conjunctiva as it is reflected back over the cornea and is continuous with the corneal epi
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