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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regions of lip epithelium
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1. skin (Strat squam keratinized)
2. Vermillion (same as 1) 3. Mucosal (wet stratified squamous nonkeratinized) |
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Palate epithelium - nasal aspect
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
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Soft palate epithelium - oral aspect
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stratified squamous nonkeratinized.
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Describe filiform papillae
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short, narrow, highly keratinized
no taste buds. Look like flames. |
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Fungiform papillae
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mushroom shaped, interspered among filiform. occasional taste buds.
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foliate papillae
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shallow, longitudinal furrows. Tastebuds degenerate at young age. Look flat on top.
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Circumvillate papillae
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10 to 15 large circular papillae. surrounded by moat.
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Glands of von Ebner
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minor salivary glands found in the furrow surrounding circumvallate papillae
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Esophagus epithelium
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stratified squamous nonkeratineized.
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Lamina propria
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thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with it constitutes the mucosa
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Lamina propria contents - general
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lymphoid tissue, capillaries, glands and ducts, loose CT
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Lamina propria contents - esophageal
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mucus secreting esophageal cardiac glands
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Submucosa of esophagus contents
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Mucus secreting
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Muscularis mucosae
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part of the mucosal layer of the esophagus, longitudinal
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Muscularis externa
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peristalsis to move bolus
inner layer circular, outer longitudinal. upper 1/3 striated, lower 1/3 smooth, middle 1/3 mixed |
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Rugae
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folds in the stomach that allow it to grow when full of food
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Gastric pits
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entrance to gastric glands. shallow in cardia, deepest in pylorus
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Gastric epithelium
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simple columnar composed of mucinogen producing surface lining cells
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Gastric lamina propria
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loose CT housing smoothing muscle, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts. contains gastric glands
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Gastric muscularis mucosae
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3 layers - poorly defined circular, a longitudinal layer, and an outer circular layer
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Gastric submucosa
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Dense connective tissue, collagenous. Meissner's plexus, arterial and venous plexuses.
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Gastric muscularis eterna
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3 layers - incomplete oblique, circular layer (forms pyloric sphincter), and outer longitudinal layer
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Auerbach's myenteric plexus
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located between the circular and longitudinal Auerbach's myenteric plexus
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components that effect muscularis externa
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lipids, viscosity, osmolality, caloric density and pH of stomach contents - all affect emptying rate.
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Cells of fundic glands
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Parietal, chief, mucous neck, diffuse neuroendocrine cells, regenerative cells
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Parietal cells
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upper half of the gland, secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. intracellular canaliculi and tubulovesicular system - increases PM area and contact with lumen
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Chief cells
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lower half of the gland. secretes pepsinogen. Lots of RER
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mucous neck cells
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located in the neck of the gland, have short microvilli and apical mucous granules
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DNES cell
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house small hormone containing granules.
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Regenerative cells
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Replace all epithelial cells of the gland, primarily in neck and isthmus.
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Cardiac pyloric glands
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different from fundic glands in that they are coiled tubular mucus secreting glands. No chief cells.
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4 regulators of gastric secretion
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Gastrin, Somatostatin, Urogastrone and gastric inhibitory peptide
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Urogastrone and gastric inhibitory peptide
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directly inhibit HCl secretion
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Plicae circularis location
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distal half of duodenum, all of the jejunum, proximal half of the ileum.
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Intestinal villi
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evaginations that have a connective tissue core (lamina propria) filled with capillary loops, WBCs smooth muscle, and a single lacteal
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Lacteal
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blind ended lymphatic capillary found in villi
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Microvilli
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on apical surface of epithelium. Made of actin filaments that interact with myosin filaments in a terminal web.
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Goblet cells
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Found in small intestine. Produces mucin, which protects epithelial linin of the lumen
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Surface absorptive cells
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tall columnar. lots of microvilli, have glycocalyx that binds enzymes that break down peptides and sugars. Tight junctions and zonula adherens
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Glands of Lieberkuhn
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extend from intervillous spaces in sm intestine into the muscularis mucosae
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