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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Only the _______ ( _________________) pharyngeal arch forms teeth.
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first; mandibular
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ectomesenchyme of the ________ _________forms dentin (odontoblasts) and pulp.
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dental papilla
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ectomesenchyme of the ________ ______ forms the PDL, alveolar bone, and cementum.
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dental sac
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What are the 4 fundamental principles of tooth development?
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1. the tooth is of dual origin (epithelium forms enamel & ectomesenchyme forms dentin and pulp)
2. only the first pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch) is involved in tooth formation 3. migration of neural crest cells into the first arch is required 4. reciprocal induction between oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme is required |
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Prior to day 12, ____________ initiates odontogenesis. After day 12, ______________ directs the development of the tooth.
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epithelium; ectomesenchyme
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___________________ derived from neural crest cells forms CT while ______________ and _________ form muscles.
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ectomesenchyme; somatomeres and somites form muscles
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What are the two divisions of paraxial mesoderm?
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1. somatomeres -craniofacial muscles
2. somites -tongue and body muscles |
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______________ give rise to craniofacial muscles.
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somatomeres
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_____________ give rise to tongue and body muscles.
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somites
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failure of NCC to migrate to proper position; results in severe dysformity
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mandibulofacial dysostosis
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What are the two predominant molecular signaling mechanisms observed during tooth development?
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1. homeobox genes
2. growth factors |
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genes that guide emergence of general shape and form in embryos; encode transcription factors; contain highly conserved sequences of 180 bp
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homeobox genes
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tooth development involves over ___ genes
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70
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responsible for specialization of segments and segment identity in drosophila
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homeotic genes
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homeobox genes associated with the NCC migration from rhombomeres 4,6,8
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Hox family of craniofacial homeobox genes
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Homeobox gene assocaited with muscle development in drosophila
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Msx
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Homeobox genes associated with limb development in drosophila
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Dlx
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Homeobox gene associated with retina development in drosophila
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Barx
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What are homeobox genes?
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genes that guide emergence of general shape and form in embryos
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What directs the formation of the dental lamina?
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Msx1, Msx2 and Dlx2
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The term for the conserved 60 AA region of the transcription factor for homeobox genes
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homeodomain
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Tissue that controls tooth development during initiation stage
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epithelium
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Is first arch epithelium necessary for the expression of Lhx-6 and Lhx-7 in the ectomesenchyme?
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Yes, first arch epithelium is required for the initiation of tooth formation
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Lhx-6 and Lhx-7 are __________ _________________
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transcription factors
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The family of genes associated with neural crest cells that migrate into pharyngeal arches 2 through 4
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Hox
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Tissue that controls tooth development during morphogenesis stage
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Ectomesenchyme
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Homeobox genes associated with the development of the dental lamina
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Msx-1, Msx-2, and Dlx-2
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Secreted proteins that bind to receptors on cell surface
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growth factors
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The homeobox genes expressed in ectomesenchyme of developing incisor
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Msx-1 and Msx-2
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The homeobox genes expressed in ectomesenchyme of developing canine
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Msx-1, Msx-2, Dlx-2 (Mike, Martyn and Don)
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The homeobox genes expressed in developing molar
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Barx-1 and Dlx-2
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The control of expression of which genes indicates that the first arch epithelium is needed for the initiation of tooth formation?
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Lhx-6 & Lhx-7 (Luke & Larry)
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Colocailzaiton of these two genes controls the number and position of teeth
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Fgf-8 and Pax-9
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The tissue in which Pax-9 in located
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ectomesenchyme
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The tissue in which Fgf-8 is located
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epithelium
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Gene that may cause the invagination of the oral epithelium to form tooth buds
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Shh
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Expression of ______ results in the formation of tooth buds
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Shh
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The protein that indicates that the control of tooth development is transferred from the epithelium to the connective tissue
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BMP-4
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The growth factor that causes growth of the lateral aspect of the enamel organ forming the cap-shape
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TGF-B
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Structure associated with the symmetry of the cuspal tips
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enamel knot
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Expression of which gene is necessary for the development of the molars?
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Pax-9
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What is observed in Pax-9 knock-out mice?
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arrested development of molar formation
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