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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two layers of the dermis?
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papillary and reticular layer
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Extensions of the epidermis that extend into the dermis and serve as an anchor are called ____ _____.
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rete pegs
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Where are keratinocytes found?
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in the stratum corneum
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What are the five layers of the epidermis (superficial to deep)?
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Stratum corneum
Stratum lucideum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale |
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The bottommost basale layer of the epidermis is composed of what cell type?
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simple columnar or simple cuboidal
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The stratum basale is anchored to the basement membrane by _______________.
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hemidesmosomes
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____________ anchor adjacent cells of stratum basale together.
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desmosomes
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The stratum basale and the stratum spinosum are AKA ...
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stratum germinativum
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What cell type is found within the stratum spinosum?
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cudoidal/slightly flattened cells with central nuclei and cytoplasm filled with bundles of keratin
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all cells in the epidermis are held together by ____________.
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desmosomes
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What are cytokeratins?
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microfilaments (intermediate filaments) in the stratum spinosum
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What are the two cell types in the stratum basale?
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1. melanocytes
2. keratinocytes |
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What are membrane-coated lamellar structures?
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granules found in the stratum spinosum that help prevent bacteria from entering epidermis and decrease the h20 permeability of the epidermis
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The stratum granulosum contains _______________ _________ which secrete _________________.
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keratohyaline granules; filaggrin
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Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin?
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stratum lucidium
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What is the first layer in which cells begin to loose their nuclei and organelles?
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stratum lucidium
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Keratin is a mix of the ___________ from the stratum granulosum and ___________ from the stratum spinosum.
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filaggrin; cytokeratins
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The term to describe shedding of the skin
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desquamate
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What are the main cell types found in the epidermis?
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melanocytes
keratinocytes merkel's cells langerhan's cells |
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Where are melanocytes found?
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in the stratum basale
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keratinocytes are found throughout all epidermal strata and migrate from ________ to ____________.
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basale to corneum
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what is cytocrine secretion?
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the process of transfer of melanin from melanocyte to cells of spinosum and basale layers
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are melanocytes pigmented?
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no the cells themselves are actually clear
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What are Merkel's cells and where are they found?
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found mainly in stratum spinosum; involved in sensory detection of pain
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What are Langerhan's cells and where are they found?
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found mainly in the spinosum; immune cells involved in mononuclear phagocytic system
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How is thick and thin skin distguishable?
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1. by the thickness of the EPIDERMIS
2. the presence of a statum lucidium |
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Merkel's cells and Langerhan's cells are found mainly in the ________________ _____________.
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stratum spinosum
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The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of what time of CT? The reticular layer of the dermis is composed of what type of CT?
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papillary layer = loose CT
reticular layer = dense irregular CT |
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What are dermal papillae?
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extensions of the papillary layer of the dermis up into the epidermis
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What is the location of the A-V shunt invovled in thermoregulation?
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papillary layer of the dermis
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Which layer of the dermis contains numerous capillaries?
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papillary
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The _____________ aka ______________ layer contains an abundance of superficial fascia (adipose tissue) and is not a true part of the integument.
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hypodermis aka subcutanous layer
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Free nerve endings in the ______________ are involved in _____ and possibly _____________ regulation. Which layer of the dermis may also contain free nerve endings?
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epidermis; pain; temperature
papillary layer of dermis may also contain free nerve endings |
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What are the two types of encapsulated nerve endings found in the dermis?
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meissner's corpuscle
pacinian corpuscle |
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Where is meissner's corpuscle found? Where are pacinian corpuscles found?
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meissner's - dermal papillae (papillary layer of dermis)
pacinian - in reticular layer |
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meissner's corpsucles are found in the ___________ ____________ and detect ______ _________ .
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dermal papillae; light touch
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pacinian corpsucles are found in the ___________ layer and detect _______ ________/ _________.
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reticular dermal layer; deep touch/pressure
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Which type of encapsulated nerve endings are found in the oral caivty?
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meissner's corpuslce
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Which type of encapsulated nerve endings are associated with glial cells?
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meissner's corpuscles
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What are the two types of sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
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eccrine -not associated with hair (feet, forehead, palms)
apocrine -associated with hair (axillary and pubic regions) |
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sebaceous glands secrete _______ through ____________ secretion.
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sebum; holocrine
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what lines excretory ducts?
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stratified cuboidal epithelium
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