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152 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anterior epithelium of cornea
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non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium & specialized basement membrane
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Arrector pili
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inserts into CT sheath of follicle from superficial layer of dermis, elevates hair, expresses sebaceous gland
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Arteriole
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1-5 complete layers of smooth muscle, thin adventia, no definitive external elastic membrane, 100mu meters or less in diamter
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Bile canaliculus
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between adjacent hepatocytes, form small ductules that flow into larger ducts
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Choroid
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thick, highly vascularized layer deep to the sclera, collagenous stroma, choriocapillaries at innermost layer, and tapetum lucidum
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Choroid stroma
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outermost layer of choroid, rich vascular supply, contains fibroblasts, macrophages, and pigment producing melanocytes, several layers of collagenous stroma with extracellular matrix
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Ciliary muscle
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combination of circular and radial fibers, part of ciliary body, contraction causes lens to become more rounded
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Ciliary processes
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extend from ciliary body to lens, tension of fibers keep lens flattened in shape
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Conducting artery
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large amount of elastic fiber, little adventitia, no external membrane
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Continuous capillary
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endothelium is uninterrupted with continuous basement membrane
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corpus luteum
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remnants after expulsion of ovum and contents with hypertrophic granulosa cells adjacent to collapsted antrum and theca lutein cells that have increased in number
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Cortical nephron
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found in outer cortex, short connecting loops and thin sgments, penetrate short distance into medulla
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Juxtamedullary nephron
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corpuscles in deeper cortex, long connecting loops and thin segments, penetrate deep into medulla
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Dilator papillae
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radially oriented fibers along outer peripheral border of stroma of iris, increases diameter of pupil
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Sphincter pupillae
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arranged circumferentially along free border of iris, decrease diameter of pupil
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Distal convoluted tubule
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cuboidal epithelium without brush border, paler stainging, smaller cells 6-8/profile
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Ductus deferens
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pseudostratified columnar epithelium with this muscularis (some with intter and outer layer) and highly vascularized loose areolar CT
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Anterior epithelium of cornea
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non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium & specialized basement membrane
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Arrector pili
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inserts into CT sheath of follicle from superficial layer of dermis, elevates hair, expresses sebaceous gland
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|
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Arteriole
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1-5 complete layers of smooth muscle, thin adventia, no definitive external elastic membrane, 100mu meters or less in diamter
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Bile canaliculus
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between adjacent hepatocytes, form small ductules that flow into larger ducts
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Choroid
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thick, highly vascularized layer deep to the sclera, collagenous stroma, choriocapillaries at innermost layer, and tapetum lucidum
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Choroid stroma
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outermost layer of choroid, rich vascular supply, contains fibroblasts, macrophages, and pigment producing melanocytes, several layers of collagenous stroma with extracellular matrix
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Ciliary muscle
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combination of circular and radial fibers, part of ciliary body, contraction causes lens to become more rounded
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Ciliary processes
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extend from ciliary body to lens, tension of fibers keep lens flattened in shape
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Conducting artery
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large amount of elastic fiber, little adventitia, no external membrane
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Continuous capillary
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endothelium is uninterrupted with continuous basement membrane
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corpus luteum
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remnants after expulsion of ovum and contents with hypertrophic granulosa cells adjacent to collapsted antrum and theca lutein cells that have increased in number
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Cortical nephron
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found in outer cortex, short connecting loops and thin sgments, penetrate short distance into medulla
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Juxtamedullary nephron
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corpuscles in deeper cortex, long connecting loops and thin segments, penetrate deep into medulla
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Dilator papillae
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radially oriented fibers along outer peripheral border of stroma of iris, increases diameter of pupil
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Sphincter pupillae
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arranged circumferentially along free border of iris, decrease diameter of pupil
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Distal convoluted tubule
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cuboidal epithelium without brush border, paler stainging, smaller cells 6-8/profile
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Ductus deferens
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pseudostratified columnar epithelium with this muscularis (some with intter and outer layer) and highly vascularized loose areolar CT
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Endocardium
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comprised of endothelial lining and subendothelial CT with vessels and nerves, contain purkinje fibers
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Enterocyte
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absorptive columnar cells with microvilli on apical surface, mature cells at tips of villi while less mature at crypts
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Epicardium (2)
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serosal surface epithelium and underlying CT, fat accumulates
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Epidermal Peg
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epidermal projection into dermis which is part of fingerprints
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Epididymis
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pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia with circularly arranged smooth muscled thicker at the tail, also has principal and basal cells
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Gastric Chief Cells
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pyramidal shape with basophilic cytoplasm
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Gastric Pit
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small depressions within gastric area with surface mucous cells on upper surface and and mucous neck cells at junction with gland
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Hepatic lobule
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central vein surrounded by six portal triads (one at each corner), structural unit defining blood drainage to central vein
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Inner root sheath
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epidermally derived, innermost layer consisting of inner cutilce, middle granular layer and outer pale epithelial layer
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Intestinal crypts
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opens between bases of adjacent villi, cells elaborating digestive enzymes found here, increase surface area
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Intraepidermal macrophage (2)
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found in stratum basale and stratum spinosum, clear cytoplasm with round to irregular shaped nucleus
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Juxtaglomerular cells
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nucleus is spherical and cytoplasm is granular
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Large Intestine
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mucosa has compact glands without paneth cells or villi, submucosa has lymphatic tissue and fat
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Macula densa
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cells tightly packed and tall so that nuclei look like black discs
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Melanocytes
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in basale and spinosum layers of epidermis, with clear scant cytoplasm mised with variable amount of pigment granules found on epidermal basement membrane
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Muscular Artery
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large amount of smooth muscle, elastic fibers, highly convoluted internal elastic membrane, external elastic membrane
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Muscularis mucosa
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thin inner layer of smooth muscle, move mucoal layer, not always present, landmark separating mucosa and submucosa
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Myocardium
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consists of cardiac muscle, some CT, conducting elements, btween endocardium and epicardium
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Omasum
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primary folds covered with short cornified papillae and contain a double layer of smooth muscle
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Outer root sheath (2)
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epidermally derived, innermost layer consisting of inner cutilce, middle granular layer and outer pale epithelial layer
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Parietal cells
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pyramidal or wedge shaped cells, thinner at lumenal border, acidophilc cytoplasm with large round nucleus, with intracellular canaliculi
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Perimetrium
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outermost layer of uterus with typical serosa and lymphatic drainage
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Perisinusoidal space (2)
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space between the endothelial cells and hepatoctyes, which may have cytoplasmic proccesses from Kupffer cells
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Perkinje fibers
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in subendothelial region of endocardium, special impulse conducting fibers
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Portal lobule
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triad at center with a central vein at each corner, defines drainage of bile into bile ducts (exocrine function
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Portal triad (2)
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repeating anaomical structure in liver, consists of hepatic artery, portan vein, bile duct
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Primary follicle
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has a primary oocyte surorunded by simple cuboidal cells
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Primary oocyte
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first seen in primordial follicles as immature primary oocyte surrounded by single layer of squamous follicular cells, then as a primary follice surround by simple cuboidal cells
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Primary spermatocyte
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large cell with large nuclei in prophase arrest with 4N
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proximal convoluted tubule
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bulk of cortex, simple low columnar epithelium, brightly eosinophilic, few nuclei per profile, cells have brush border and a narrow lumen obscured by brush border (foamy contents of lumen)
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Renal corpuscle
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tuft of glomerular capillaries embraced by capsular structure
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Reticulum
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honeycomb appearance, primary folds (with secondary papillae with tertiary papillae) and contain isolated masses of smooth muscle within their lamina propria at the apex
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Rumen
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conical or tongue shaped papillae project into lumen, highly vascularized CT in papillary corew wit helast fibers, no muscularis mucosae
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Sclera
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part of the fibrous layer (outermost layer) of eye, is the white part of the globe, continuous with cornea, highly vascularized with dense regular CT, rich in elastic fibers, with 3 distinct layers that maintain shape of the globe
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Sebaceous glands (2)
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empty into hair follicles, may be simple, branched, or compound alveolar glands, holocrine secretion
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Secondary follicle
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multiple layers of cuboidal granulosa cells, zona pellucida appears, capsule forms (theca interna/ & theca externa)
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Sinusoidal capillary
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expansion of capillary lumen, discontinuities in basement membrane between adjacent enodthelial cells
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Small intestine
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lymphtic tissue in lamina propria, elaborations that increase surface area (villi, plicae circulares), intestinal cryps, enterocytes, goblet cells near crypts, paneth cells, intestinal endocrine cells, globule leukocytes
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Spermatocytogenesis
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generation of spermatocytes from spermatogonia too secondary spermatocyte
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Spermatogonia
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primordial germ cless, stem cell for the process of spermatocytogenesis, round with large round nucleus (2N), engaged in mitotic activity
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Spermiogenesis
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metamorphosis of spermatids into sprematozoa, formation of acrosomal cap, development of flagellum, mitochondria move to base of flagellum, nucleus condenses and cytoplasm fragments
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Stratum basale
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most basal cell layer of epidermis that rests on dermis and consists of single layer columnar or cuboidal epithelium with frequent mitotic figures
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Stratum granulosum
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flat, squamous cells that contain keratohyalin (soft keratin)
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Stratum spinosum (2)
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polyhedra or squamous cells with intermediate (cytokeratin) filament, thick in regions without hair
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Anterior epithelium of cornea
|
non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium & specialized basement membrane
|
|
|
Arrector pili
|
inserts into CT sheath of follicle from superficial layer of dermis, elevates hair, expresses sebaceous gland
|
|
|
Arteriole
|
1-5 complete layers of smooth muscle, thin adventia, no definitive external elastic membrane, 100mu meters or less in diamter
|
|
|
Bile canaliculus
|
between adjacent hepatocytes, form small ductules that flow into larger ducts
|
|
|
Choroid
|
thick, highly vascularized layer deep to the sclera, collagenous stroma, choriocapillaries at innermost layer, and tapetum lucidum
|
|
|
Choroid stroma
|
outermost layer of choroid, rich vascular supply, contains fibroblasts, macrophages, and pigment producing melanocytes, several layers of collagenous stroma with extracellular matrix
|
|
|
Ciliary muscle
|
combination of circular and radial fibers, part of ciliary body, contraction causes lens to become more rounded
|
|
|
Ciliary processes
|
extend from ciliary body to lens, tension of fibers keep lens flattened in shape
|
|
|
Conducting artery
|
large amount of elastic fiber, little adventitia, no external membrane
|
|
|
Continuous capillary
|
endothelium is uninterrupted with continuous basement membrane
|
|
|
corpus luteum
|
remnants after expulsion of ovum and contents with hypertrophic granulosa cells adjacent to collapsted antrum and theca lutein cells that have increased in number
|
|
|
Cortical nephron
|
found in outer cortex, short connecting loops and thin sgments, penetrate short distance into medulla
|
|
|
Juxtamedullary nephron
|
corpuscles in deeper cortex, long connecting loops and thin segments, penetrate deep into medulla
|
|
|
Dilator papillae
|
radially oriented fibers along outer peripheral border of stroma of iris, increases diameter of pupil
|
|
|
Sphincter pupillae
|
arranged circumferentially along free border of iris, decrease diameter of pupil
|
|
|
Distal convoluted tubule
|
cuboidal epithelium without brush border, paler stainging, smaller cells 6-8/profile
|
|
|
Ductus deferens
|
pseudostratified columnar epithelium with this muscularis (some with intter and outer layer) and highly vascularized loose areolar CT
|
|
|
Endocardium
|
comprised of endothelial lining and subendothelial CT with vessels and nerves, contain purkinje fibers
|
|
|
Enterocyte
|
absorptive columnar cells with microvilli on apical surface, mature cells at tips of villi while less mature at crypts
|
|
|
Epicardium (2)
|
serosal surface epithelium and underlying CT, fat accumulates
|
|
|
Epidermal Peg
|
epidermal projection into dermis which is part of fingerprints
|
|
|
Epididymis
|
pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia with circularly arranged smooth muscled thicker at the tail, also has principal and basal cells
|
|
|
Gastric Chief Cells
|
pyramidal shape with basophilic cytoplasm
|
|
|
Gastric Pit
|
small depressions within gastric area with surface mucous cells on upper surface and and mucous neck cells at junction with gland
|
|
|
Hepatic lobule
|
central vein surrounded by six portal triads (one at each corner), structural unit defining blood drainage to central vein
|
|
|
Inner root sheath
|
epidermally derived, innermost layer consisting of inner cutilce, middle granular layer and outer pale epithelial layer
|
|
|
Intestinal crypts
|
opens between bases of adjacent villi, cells elaborating digestive enzymes found here, increase surface area
|
|
|
Intraepidermal macrophage (2)
|
found in stratum basale and stratum spinosum, clear cytoplasm with round to irregular shaped nucleus
|
|
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Juxtaglomerular cells
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nucleus is spherical and cytoplasm is granular
|
|
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Large Intestine
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mucosa has compact glands without paneth cells or villi, submucosa has lymphatic tissue and fat
|
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Macula densa
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cells tightly packed and tall so that nuclei look like black discs
|
|
|
Melanocytes
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in basale and spinosum layers of epidermis, with clear scant cytoplasm mised with variable amount of pigment granules found on epidermal basement membrane
|
|
|
Muscular Artery
|
large amount of smooth muscle, elastic fibers, highly convoluted internal elastic membrane, external elastic membrane
|
|
|
Muscularis mucosa
|
thin inner layer of smooth muscle, move mucoal layer, not always present, landmark separating mucosa and submucosa
|
|
|
Myocardium
|
consists of cardiac muscle, some CT, conducting elements, btween endocardium and epicardium
|
|
|
Omasum
|
primary folds covered with short cornified papillae and contain a double layer of smooth muscle
|
|
|
Outer root sheath (2)
|
epidermally derived, innermost layer consisting of inner cutilce, middle granular layer and outer pale epithelial layer
|
|
|
Parietal cells
|
pyramidal or wedge shaped cells, thinner at lumenal border, acidophilc cytoplasm with large round nucleus, with intracellular canaliculi
|
|
|
Perimetrium
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outermost layer of uterus with typical serosa and lymphatic drainage
|
|
|
Perisinusoidal space (2)
|
space between the endothelial cells and hepatoctyes, which may have cytoplasmic proccesses from Kupffer cells
|
|
|
Perkinje fibers
|
in subendothelial region of endocardium, special impulse conducting fibers
|
|
|
Portal lobule
|
triad at center with a central vein at each corner, defines drainage of bile into bile ducts (exocrine function
|
|
|
Portal triad (2)
|
repeating anaomical structure in liver, consists of hepatic artery, portan vein, bile duct
|
|
|
Primary follicle
|
has a primary oocyte surorunded by simple cuboidal cells
|
|
|
Primary oocyte
|
first seen in primordial follicles as immature primary oocyte surrounded by single layer of squamous follicular cells, then as a primary follice surround by simple cuboidal cells
|
|
|
Primary spermatocyte
|
large cell with large nuclei in prophase arrest with 4N
|
|
|
proximal convoluted tubule
|
bulk of cortex, simple low columnar epithelium, brightly eosinophilic, few nuclei per profile, cells have brush border and a narrow lumen obscured by brush border (foamy contents of lumen)
|
|
|
Renal corpuscle
|
tuft of glomerular capillaries embraced by capsular structure
|
|
|
Reticulum
|
honeycomb appearance, primary folds (with secondary papillae with tertiary papillae) and contain isolated masses of smooth muscle within their lamina propria at the apex
|
|
|
Rumen
|
conical or tongue shaped papillae project into lumen, highly vascularized CT in papillary corew wit helast fibers, no muscularis mucosae
|
|
|
Sclera
|
part of the fibrous layer (outermost layer) of eye, is the white part of the globe, continuous with cornea, highly vascularized with dense regular CT, rich in elastic fibers, with 3 distinct layers that maintain shape of the globe
|
|
|
Sebaceous glands (2)
|
empty into hair follicles, may be simple, branched, or compound alveolar glands, holocrine secretion
|
|
|
Secondary follicle
|
multiple layers of cuboidal granulosa cells, zona pellucida appears, capsule forms (theca interna/ & theca externa)
|
|
|
Sinusoidal capillary
|
expansion of capillary lumen, discontinuities in basement membrane between adjacent enodthelial cells
|
|
|
Small intestine
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lymphtic tissue in lamina propria, elaborations that increase surface area (villi, plicae circulares), intestinal cryps, enterocytes, goblet cells near crypts, paneth cells, intestinal endocrine cells, globule leukocytes
|
|
|
Spermatocytogenesis
|
generation of spermatocytes from spermatogonia too secondary spermatocyte
|
|
|
Spermatogonia
|
primordial germ cless, stem cell for the process of spermatocytogenesis, round with large round nucleus (2N), engaged in mitotic activity
|
|
|
Spermiogenesis
|
metamorphosis of spermatids into sprematozoa, formation of acrosomal cap, development of flagellum, mitochondria move to base of flagellum, nucleus condenses and cytoplasm fragments
|
|
|
Stratum basale
|
most basal cell layer of epidermis that rests on dermis and consists of single layer columnar or cuboidal epithelium with frequent mitotic figures
|
|
|
Stratum granulosum
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flat, squamous cells that contain keratohyalin (soft keratin)
|
|
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Stratum spinosum (2)
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polyhedra or squamous cells with intermediate (cytokeratin) filament, thick in regions without hair
|
|
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Sustentacular Cell
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nurse cells for developing gametes, large columnar (pyramidal) cells, borders impossible to distinguish by LM, extend from basement membrane to lumen, developing gametes embedded within cytoplasm, large oval nucleus located basally
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Tactile epitheliod cell (Merkel)
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clear cytoplasm with pyramidal to flat nucleus in stratum basale
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Theca interna
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as follicles mature, surrounding CT organizes into capsule, layer of spindle shaped cells forms just outside the proflierating granulosa cells and contains some blood vessesl
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Theca externa
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cells are more flattened, matrix filled with collagenous fibers and vessels
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Thin segment
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1)squamous epithelium & nuclei bulge into lumen
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Tunica Intima (2)
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endothelium and basement membrane and subendothelial region of CT with internal elastic 'membrane and related CT
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Tunica media
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smooth muscle arranged in curcular patter, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, related CT matrix, fibroblasts, and vasa vasorum/nerves in larger vessels
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Venule
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20 times the size of capillaries, increased CT and smooth muscle from capillaries, larger have elastic fibers and much larger have circular smooth muscle fibers separated by CT
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Villi
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finger like projections from surface of plicae that increase surface area, with blood vessels and central lacteal, bundles of smooth muscle fibers that can shorten height
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Endometrium
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inner layer of uterus, simple columnar epithelium (may be pseudostratified in some spcies, with ciliated and non ciliated cell types, invaginations and depression of surface epithelium appear gland like, produce a rich secretion, with loose areolar CT wit
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Visceral epithelium of glomerular capsule
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first filtration barrier, closely applied to outer surface of capillary endothelium with nuclei typically bulge into urinatr space
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Zona pellucid
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3-5 micrometer thick glycoprotein layer around oocyte
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Zonular Fibers
|
extend from ciliary body to lens, tension of fibers keep lens flattened in shape
|
