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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the arrangements of parenchyma in the liver?
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Plates of hepatocytes
Sinusoids Perisinusoidal space Biliary system |
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___________ is found in the simple stomach including the horse,rabbit and guinea pig
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Cecum
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________ is small in carnivores.
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Cecum
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______ has same structures as small intestine but no villi
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cecum
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________ may have prominent lymphatic nodules
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cecum
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________ is a band of smooth muscle in outer layer of t. muscularis in the cecum.
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taeniae ceci
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________ has no villi, an increased # of goblet cells.
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colon
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_______ is a band of smooth muscle in the outer layer of t.muscularis in the colon of pigs,horses & man.
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taeniae coli
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________ has a thick mucosa & a venous plexus in the lamina propia near the anus.
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Rectum
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Serosa in this part of the large intestine changes to adventitia as it goes retroperitoneal.
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rectum
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________ moves from transitional epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium.
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anal canal
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_______ ________ has smooth muscle internally and skeletal muscle externally.
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anal canal
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________ are modified tubuloalveolar sweat glands in the submucosa of the anal region
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anal glands
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_______ contains lipid (dog,cat) or mucous (pig)
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anal glands
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________ opens into the anus.
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anal glands
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What is a paired diverticula of the anus and is lined w/ stratified squamous epithelium?
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Anal sacs and glands of the anal sac
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_______ opens at the ano-cutaneous jct.
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Anal sacs and glands of the anal sac
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What is the function of the glands of the anal sac?
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glands in the wall of the anal sac empty into the duct region & secretions accumulate in the sac.
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Anal sacs and glands of the anal sac are of what type in the dog & cat?
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apocrine in dog
apocrine and sebaceous in cat |
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What are circumanal glands?
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They are found in the anal canal.
polygonal(hepatoid) cells associated w/ sebaceous glands |
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What type of tumors can be found in circumanal glands?
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neoplastic (perianal adenoma)
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List 7 functions of the liver?
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synthesis of everything
secretion of bile salts & acids excretion storage detox metabolism hemopoiesis |
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What is the CT capsule of the liver made of?
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dense irregular CT & overlying serous membrane
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What are the 3 cell types in the liver?
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hepatocytes-polyhedral cells
sinusoidal endothelial cells-toxic/fenestrated stellate macrophages(kupffer cells) |
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Where do you find Kupffer cells?
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stellate macrophage cells of the liver- extends across the sinusoid
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How are parenchyma arranged in the liver?
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plates of hepatocytes
sinusoids perisinusoid space(space of Disse) Biliary system |
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Where are sinusoids located and what do you find associated w/ them?
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Bt. hepatocytes in the parenchyma of the liver
fenestrated cells, intercellular gaps, incomplete basal lamina |
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What is the space of Disse?
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perisinusoidal space found bt.surface of hepatocytes & endothelial cells
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How does bile flow through the liver?
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hepatocyte-bile canaliculus-bile ductule-interlobular ducts-intrahepatic & extrahepatic
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What 2 adjacent hepatocytes produced into during the flow of bile?
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bile canaliculus
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What is the bile ductule line by?
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simple cuiboidal
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What type of epithelium is the interlobular ducts line by and what does it change into in the later ducts?
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simple cuiboidal to simple columnar.
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What does the portal triad consist of?
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interlobular ducts-bile
hepatic artery-blood portal vein-blood |
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What is the intrahepatic duct lined by?
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simple columnar
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What are 3 types of extrahepatic ducts?
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hepatic duct
cystic duct common bile duct |
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What are the 3 vessels that supply blood to the liver?
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Hepatic artery-nutrients
Portal vein-metabolic/clean central vein-blood exits |
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What are the 3 hepatic units of the liver?
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hepatic lobule-structure
portal lobule-exocrine liver acinus-blood supply |
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What is in the center of the portal lobule?
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interlobular bile duct
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What is the gallbladder lined by?
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simple columnar epithelium
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What is the function of the gallbladder?
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storage & concentration of bile
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What is the lamina epithelialis of the gallbladder lined by?
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simple columnar epithelium
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What is the schincter of Oddi and where do you find it?
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smooth M. modification of the common bile duct & passes into the duodenum.
prevent bile from entering duodenum |
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What influences the sphincter of Oddi to release bile?
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cholecystokinin from intestinal cells
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What type of cells are influenced by cholecystokinin in the pancreas to stimulate the release of enzymes?
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parenchymal glandular cells
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What can you find under light microscopy in the parenchymal glandular cells of the pancreas?
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zymogen granules in apical region, acidophilic
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What can you find under electron microscopy in the parenchymal glandular cells of the pancreas?
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basally located nucleus & RER in basal region & lots of mitochondria
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What are the 3 types of ducts found in the pancreas?
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intercalated ducts
interlobular duct intralobular duct |
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What is a centroacinar cell and where can you find it?
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Intercalated duct of the pancreas
epithelial duct "center of acinus" influenced by "secretin" causes cell to produce bicarbonate & water |
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What is the intercalated duct of the pancreas lined by?
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flattened simple cuboidal
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What are the intralobular ducts of the pancreas lined by?
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simple cuboidal epithelium
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What are the interlobular ducts of the pancreas lined by?
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simple columnar epithelium
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What are found in the duct system of the pancreas that are pressure receptors?
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lamellar corpuscles (pacinian)
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