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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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testis - what does it have with it that's a remnant of its descent from the abdomen?
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a little bit of peritoneum - it's the tunica vaginalis.
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what's the blood-testis barrier and what cells form it?
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made by sertoli cells
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we know there needs to be a high amount of androgens in the seminiferous tubules to make sperm. how is that androgen made and kept there?
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made by the interstitial cells, on the other side of the blood/testis barrier.
sertoli cells make Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) in response to FSH - this steals the androgens away from the interstitial cells and keeps it around the sperm in the tubules. |
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how do the sertoli cells participitate in feedback?
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make INHIBIN - feeds back on FSH secretion from the pituitary.
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what do sertoli cells look like?
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see a nucleus with a stand-out nuclelous.
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spermatogenesis - what are some divisions within the process and what cell types should we know? when is the blood/testis barrier crossed?
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spermatocytogenesis - this is the transformation of our stem cells (spermatogonia) into PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTES. As they do this, they cross the blood/testis barrier.
primary spermatocytes are still 46 xy. they have condensed chromosomes and we're repsonsible for identifying them. after this, they go through meoisis, then through spermiogenesis. so: within spermatogenesis, first have: spermatocytogenesis (make primary spermatocyte) meoisis spermiogenesis |
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describe what a sperm looks like:
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the head has an ACROSOME cap at the top, full of lysosomes to get through the tough egg.
also, the head has a nucleus. the middle piece (neck?) has all the mitochondria. then there's a principle piece (looks like tail) and an end piece. |
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interstitial cells - what signals do they respond to and what do they make? where are they found? what do they look like?
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respond to LH and make androgens.
found on the body side of the body/testis barrier. they have lots of mitochondria, ER, lipid droplets - look like they make androgens. |
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negative feedback - what can testosterone do? what about inhibin?
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testosterone can shut down everything - stop CNS signaling to the hypothalmus, stop hypothalmus release of GnRH, stop anterior pituitary from releasing LH/FSH. Note that it can also stop PROLACTIN.
inhibin again comes from the sertoli cells, and it feeds back only on the pituitary to stop release of FSH/LH |
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is testosterone autocrine, paracrine, or nerocrine?
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can act as all three.
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