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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Histology is what? How is it studied? |
Histology is the science that deals with tissues. Studied through light microscopes using stains, and electron microscopes. |
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General Classifications of Tissue |
Hard(bone) Semisolid (fat) Liquid (blood) |
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4 Types of Tissue Types and Where |
Epithelial - covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and body cavities, ducts nd forms glands Connective - protects, supports, and binds organs, stores energy as fat, provides immunity Muscular - three types, smooth -, skeletal - motility, cardiac - heart Nervous - regulates the function of other tissues and our perception - detects changes in our body through nerve impulses |
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What is derived from the Mesoderm? |
ALL connective tissues and most muscle tissue is derived from the mesoderm |
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What important tissue comes from the Ectoderm? |
Nervous tissue |
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This tissue type is derived from all 3 germ layers |
Epithelial |
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5 Different Types of Cell Junctions - Add distinguishing feature |
Tight (stomach, intestines, bladder) Adherens (plaque) Demosomes (cadherins, keratin) Hemidesmosomes (integrin) Gap (connexins) |
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Epithelial Tissues has 3 Major Functions |
Selective Barrier Secretion Protection |
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2 types of Epithelial Tissues |
Squamous for covering and lining - protection, covers body surfaces, lining of cavities Glandular for thyroid, adrenal, and sweat glands - secretion - excretion - absorption |
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3 Surfaces of Epithelial cells |
Apical Surface - top layer Lateral Surfaces - middle layers Basal surfaces - adheres to basal lamina |
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Basement Membrane |
Thin double extracellular layer that serves as a site of attachment and support for epithelial tissue Basal Lamina - contains proteins Reticular Lamina - containes collagen |
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Arrangement of Epithelial Cells |
Simple - diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion Pseudo stratified - stacks of cell nuclei, not all cells reach apical surface Stratified - two more layers, protects bottom layers |
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Shape of Epithelial Cells |
Squamous - thin cells like floor tiles, rapid passage Cuboidal - may or may not have microvilli, function in secretion or absorption Columnar - tall rectangles, may have cilia or microvilli Transitional - cells change shape, transition from flat to cuboidal, seen in urinary system |
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Simple Squamous Epithelium |
Single layer, found at sits for filtration or diffusion, Mesothelium: lines body cavities Endothelium lines heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels Both mesothelium and endothelium are derived from mesoderm KIDNEYS - Bowman's Capsule |
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
-found in thyroid glands and kidneys, for secretion and absorption Kidneys - Collecting Tubules |
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Simple Columnar Epithelium |
Lines gastrointestinal tract Can be ciliated or non-ciliated Ex) Fallopian Tubes, and Small Intestines |
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Pseudostrafied Epithelium |
Appears to have several layers due to nuclei being at various depths All cells are attached to basement membrane but some dont reach the top. Male Urethra - Trachea |
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Stratified Epithelium |
Surface Layer determines kind of epithelium Squamous - nuclei gets smaller and cytoplasm gets larger - Vagin, Cornea Keratinized - found in superficial layers of the skin Nonkertatinized - found in mouth and esophagus Cuboidal - rare but may be in throat or trachea Columnar - most common in glandular epithelium Transitional - serves as a seal, found only in urinary system |
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Glandular Epithelium |
can be exocrine or endocrine Most common glandular epithelium is Columnar |
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Glandular |
Endocrine - secretions for hormones, help to maintain homeostasis Exocrine - secrete products into ducts that empty onto the surfaces of epithelium skin surface or lumen of a hollow organ - like gastric juices or sweat |
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3 Types of Exocrine Glands |
Merocine - regular secretions Apocrine - pinched off cell Holocrine - mature cell dies and becomes secretory product |
