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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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describe respir epithelium
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pseudostratified columnar:
-ciliated columnar -goblet -brush -basal -mucosecretory -Kulchinsky |
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difft trachea, bronchi
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trachea have C cartilage, sm m, mucus glands, and respir epithel
bronchi is when >1mm w cartilage plates |
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epithel of mem/terminal bronchioles
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AKA ACINUS
simple columnar: -ciliated columnar -secretory Clara no glands no cartilage no goblet |
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respir bronchioles
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cuboidal epithel one side, alveoli on other
give rise to alveolar ducts |
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name order of respir tree
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trachea
bronchus mem/term bronchioles/acinus respir bronchioles alveolar ducts |
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what basal cell in respir
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stem cell
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TRH modulates what other hormone
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inhibits prolactin (much less strong compared to DA)
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key diff of LI as compared to SI
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mucosa is flat
lots goblet Paneth cells proximally taenia coli-discontinous muscularis propria distally |
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name the degrees of folding in the SI
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-plicae (Keckring's, evag of mucosa and submucosa
-villi (evag mucosa) -crypts (glands of Lieberkuln, invag mucosa) -microvilli (apical evag) |
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describe structure microtubules
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13 protofilaments, alpha/beta heterodimer
add on beta end "rescue" subtract on alpha end "catastrophe" |
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describe centrosome
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2 perpendicular centrioles. 9 bundles of 3, sphere protein=pericentriolar protein, MTOC of tau and gamma tubulin
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microvilli
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have actin bundled core, used to increase SA, no basal body
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molecular motors (2)
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kinesin move to + (exocytosis=anterograde)
dynein move to - (bring vesicles back, endosome=retrograde) |
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structure cilia
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axoneme with 9 peripheral dblts of microtubules (continuing from basal body), 2 singlets
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important components cilia
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dynein, an ATPase for movement,
nexin=elastic band C1 proteins bridging proteins |
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describe mvmt cilia
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power bend 1,9 direction, recovery 4,5,6
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name golgi tasks
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-distrib to PM, lyso, sxn vesicles
-modifies N oligo on Asp -adds O-oligo to Ser and Thr -assembly proteoglycan -sulfation of sugars in proteogly -add mannose 6P->lysosome |
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I cell dz
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failure addition mannose6P so they are secreted outside of cell instead of to lysosome
-coarse features, restricted joint movement |
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ciliated cells extend how far in respir? goblet?
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ciliated to respir bronchioles
goblet to terminal bronchioles |
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ex cells rich in RER
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mucus secreting goblet cells of SI, Ab secreting plasma cells
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ex cells rich in SER
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liver hepatocytes, steroid hormone producing cells of adrenal cortex
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layers of adrenal and their products
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Glomerulosa=Aldosterone
Fasciculata=cortical, sex Reticularis=sex (androgens) |
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describe Peyers patch
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SI LP, submucosa. covered by single layer cuboidal enterocytes (no goblet) with M cells that take up Ag. Activated B cells->IgA secreting plasma
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name 3 parts LN
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follicle, medulla, paracortex
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describe follicle of LN
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site B cell prolifer, outer cortex have primary follicles that are dense and dormant, 2 follicles have pale central germinal centers and are active
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function LN
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nonspecific filtration by macrophages, storage/prolifer B/T, Ab production
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describe medulla LN
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medullary cords (lymphocytes/plasma cells) and medullary sinuses communicate w efferent lymphatics and contain reticular cells and macrophages
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paracortex LN
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Houses T cells. bw follicles and medulla, w endothelial venules through which T and B cells enter from blood. enlarges in viral infxn. not well developed in diGeorge
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describe overal structure and blood supply LN
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encapsulated with trabeculae, contains follicles and medulla with paracortex inbw
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what's PALS
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periarterial lymphatic sheath (T cells) seen in the spleen
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where B cells in spleen
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in follicles in white pulp
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describe sinusoids of spleen
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long vascular channels in red pul w fenestrated "barrel hoop" BM, macrophages nearby
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describe sinusoids of liver
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irregular capillaries with pores 100-200nm. No BM. access to liver thru space of Disse
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layers of skin
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corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basalis (some Ca like sweet bananas)
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diff bw Meissner and Pacinian corpuscle
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Meissner=small encapsulated in dermis palm, soles--light discriminitive touch in hairless skin
Pacinian=large encapsulated sensory in deeper layers of skin at ligaments, joint capsules, serous membranes, mesenteries. for coarse touch, vibration, tension |
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merkels
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tactile disk that mediates light, crude touch
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contents of bony labyrinth
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cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals
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