Histo:enamel Structure

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MOST HIGHLY MINERALIZED TISSUE IN THE BODY

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ENAMEL

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COMPONENT(S) OF ENAMEL

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1. 96% INORGANIC MINERAL
2. 4% ORGANIC MATERIAL AND WATER

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CONTENT OF THE INORGANIC PHASE OF ENAMEL

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1. CRYSTALLINE CALCIUM PHOSPHATE SALT
2. POORLY CRYSTALLINE HYDROXAPATITE

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HYDROXYAPATITE IS THE MINERAL PHASE IN THESE MINERALIZED TISSUES

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1. BONE
2. DENTIN
3. CEMENTUM
4. CALCIFIED CARTILAGE
5. ENAMEL

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WHAT DISTINGUISH ENAMEL HYDROXYAPATITE FROM OTHER MINERALIZED TISSUES

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ENAMEL HYDROXYAPATITE ARE MUCH LARGER

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THE CHEMICAL BASIS FOR DENTAL CARIES

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SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ENAMEL CRYSTAL TO ACID

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1. MATURE ENAMEL IS FOUND IN THIS PHASE AND IT DIFFERENT FROM OTHER MINERALIZED TISSUES 2. WHY?

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1. ORGANIC PHASE
2. IT IS NOT ONE OF THE COLLAGEN

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REASON BONE CAN BE OBSERVED IN BOTH GROUND SECTION AND DECALCIFED SECTION WHILE MAINTAINING ITS STRUCTURAL FEATURES

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RELATIVELY HIGH ORGANIC CONTENT

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REASON ENAMEL (MATURE) CAN NOT BE OBSERVED IN A DECALCIFIED METHOD

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EXTREMELY LOW ORGANIC CONTENT

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ONLY IN THIS SECTION THE DESCRIPTIONS OF ENAMEL STRUCTURE CAN BE OBSERVED

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GROUND SECTION

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TRUE OR FALSE: A GROUND SECTIONS (75-150 UM) ARE MUCH THICKER THAN SECTION CUT W/ A MICROTOME (6-12 UM)

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TRUE

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WHAT HAPPENS IF THE DIMENSIONS OF A BASIC STRUCTURAL UNIT OF A TISSUES ARE LESS THAN THE THICKNES OF THE TISSUE SECTION WHICH ARE OBSERVED

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MISINTERPRETATION OF THE TRUE NATURE OF THE STRUCTURAL UNIT

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DESCRIPTION OF THE BASIC STRUCTURAL UNIT OF ENAMEL BY CLASSICAL HISTOLOGISTS

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ROUND OR OVAL CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURE (~4 UM)

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A TERM USE TO DESCRIBE THE TIGHTLY PACK CYLINDRICAL UNIT OF ENAMEL

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RODS OR PRISM

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A MATERIAL THAT FILLED THE POTENTIAL SPACE B/W THE RODS

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INTERROD SUBSTANCE OR SHEET

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A TERM USE TO DESCRIBE THE PERIPHERY OF THE ROD FROM THE BULK OR CORE OF THE ROD

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ROD SHEATH

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3 REGIONS CLASSICAL HISTOLOGISTS THOUGHT WERE BOTH QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITIVE DIFFERENT

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1.ROD OR PRISM
2. INTERROD SUBSTANCE
3. ROD SHEATH

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4 ASSUMPTIONS MADE ABOUT ENAMEL RODS

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1. ALL ROD RUN FROM DEJ TO SURFACE OF ENAMEL
2. RODS ARE LONGER THAN SHORTER DISTANCE FROM DEJ TO SURFACE OF ENAMEL WHERE THEY FOLLOW A WAVY
COURSE
3. DIAMETER OF A ROD INCREASE FROM DEJ TO SURFACE OF ENAMEL
4. IN LONGITUDINAL SECTION, ENAMEL SHOW CROSS STRIATION REGISTRATION AND ~4 UM

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A GENERAL DIRECTION OR ORIENTATION OF A ROD

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1. PERPENDICULAR TO THE DEJ
2. OR PERPENDICULAR TO A TANGENT DRAWN TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL

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OTHER ARRANGEMENT(S) OF ENAMEL THAT ARE AN EXCEPTION TO GENERAL DIRECTION OF A ROD

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1. GNARLED ENAMEL
2. HUNTER-SCHREGER BAND

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AN ARRANGEMENT THAT OCCUR IN THE INNER ONE THRID OF THE CUSPAL ENAMEL, WHERE THE RODS APPEAR TO BE TWISTED AROUND ONE ANOTHER

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GNARLED ENAMEL

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FORCES GNARLED ENAMEL ARRANGEMENT RESISTS

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SHEARING FORCES

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AN ARRANGEMENT THAT OCCUR IN THE INNER THIRD OF THE ENAMEL, IN THE CERVICAL TWO THIRDS OF THE CROWN

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HUNTER-SCHREGER BANDS ARRANGEMENT

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A PLANE IN WHICH ALTERNATE HUNTER-SCHREGER BANDS' RODS CHANGES DIRECTION

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HORIZONTAL PLANE

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BANDS SEEM WHEN THE INNER ONE THIRD OF THE ENAMEL IS LONGITUDINALLY SECTION AND VEIW W/ INCIDENT LIGHT

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SERIES OF LIGHT AND DARK BANDS

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TRUE OR FALSE: A GROUND SECTIONS (75-150 UM) ARE MUCH THICKER THAN SECTION CUT W/ A MICROTOME (6-12 UM)

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TRUE

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WHAT HAPPENS IF THE DIMENSIONS OF A BASIC STRUCTURAL UNIT OF A TISSUES ARE LESS THAN THE THICKNES OF THE TISSUE SECTION WHICH ARE OBSERVED

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MISINTERPRETATION OF THE TRUE NATURE OF THE STRUCTURAL UNIT

Front 28

DESCRIPTION OF THE BASIC STRUCTURAL UNIT OF ENAMEL BY CLASSICAL HISTOLOGISTS

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ROUND OR OVAL CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURE (~4 UM)

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A TERM USE TO DESCRIBE THE TIGHTLY PACK CYLINDRICAL UNIT OF ENAMEL

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RODS OR PRISM

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A MATERIAL THAT FILLED THE POTENTIAL SPACE B/W THE RODS

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INTERROD SUBSTANCE OR SHEET

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FORCES RESISTED BY THE ALTERNATE CHANGE OF DIRECTION OF A GROUPS OF PRISM IN HUNTER SCHREGER BANDS

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SHEARING FORCES

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LOCATION OF THE ENAMEL WHERE DIRECTIONAL CHANGES ARE CONFINED

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INNER ONE THIRD OF THE ENAMEL

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LOCATION WHERE THE RODS ARE ALL PERPENDICULAR TO A TANGENT DRAWN TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL

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OUTER TWO THIRDS

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A LINE THAT REFLECT THE APPOSTIONAL GROWTH OF ENAMEL DURING THE FORMATION OF THE CROWN

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RETZUIS LINE

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SECTION WHERE THE RETZUIS LINE SURROUND THE TIP OF THE CUSP: RUN FROM THE DEJ ON ONE SIDE OF THE CUSP TO THE DEJ ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE CUSP

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LONGITUDINAL SECTION

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PART OF THE CROWN WHERE THE RETZIUS LINE RUN OBLIQUELY: FROM THE DEJ TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL

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CERVICAL PART OF THE CROWN

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A GROOVE ON A NEWLY ERUPTED TEETH SURFACE WHERE CERVICAL RETZUIS LINES END

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PERIKYMATA

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TRUE OR FALSE: PERIKYMATA CAN BE OBSERVED CLINICALLY

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TRUE

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A SECTION WHERE THE INCREMENTAL LINES OF RETZIUS APPEAR AS A CONCENTRIC CIRCLES

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TRANSVERSE SECTION

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TRUE OR FALSE: RETZIUS LINES ARE ALWAYS PRESENT IN PERMANENT TEETH BUT RARELY PRESENT IN PRIMARY TEETH

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TRUE

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A SINGLE LINE PRESENT IN PRIMARY TEETH IN WHICH THE ENAMEL WAS FORMING AT THE TIME OF BIRTH

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NEONATAL LINE

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A SINGLE LINE THAT LIES AT THE INTERFACE B/W PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL ENAMEL

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NEONATAL LINE

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A ENAMEL STRUCTURE THAT EXTENT VARY DEPTHS FROM THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL

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ENAMEL LAMELLAE

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A DIRECTION(S) IN WHICH DEFECTS FILLED W/ ENAMEL PROTEIN OR ORGAN DEBRIS FROM THE ORAL CAVITY ORIENT

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1. LINEAR
2. LONGITUDINAL

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TRUE OR FALSE: THE LINEAR AND LONGITUDINAL ORIENTATION OF ENAMEL LAMELLAE ALWAYS REACH THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL BUT DO NOT ALWAYS EXTEND TO THE DEJ

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TRUE

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A DIRECTION IN WHICH ENAMEL LAMELLAE EXTENTION OCCUR FROM THE TIP OF THE CROWN TO THE CERVICAL REGION

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LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION OF THE TOOTH

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A SECTION ENAMEL LAMELLAE ARE BEST OBSERVED

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HORIZONTAL SECTION

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A ENAMEL STRUCTURE ARISE AT THE DEJ AND EXTENT INTO THE ENAMEL TO ABOUT ONE QUARTER OF ITS THICKNESS

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ENAMAL TUFT

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ENAMEL TUFT RESEMBLE A TUFT OF GRASS AND REPRSENT HYPOMINERALIZED REGION WHICH CONTAIN THIS PROTEIN

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TUFTELIN

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A ENAMEL STRUCTURE THAT OCCUR IN HUNTER SCHREGER BAND REGIONS WHERE ABRUPT CHANGE OF DIRECTION OF ROD OCCURED

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ENAMEL TUFT

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AN ENAMEL STRUCTURE MOST PROMINENT IN THICK SECTION BECAUSE THE ABRUPT CHANGES IN HORIZONTAL ROD DIRECTION ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON ONE ANOTHER

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ENAMEL TUFT

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SECTION ENAMEL TUFT ARE BEST OBSERVED

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HORIZONTAL SECTION OF THE CROWN

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AN ENAMEL STRUCTURE THAT FORM WHEN SOME ODONTOBLAST PROCESSES PASSING B/W THE CELL OF THE INNER DENTAL EPITHELIUM JUST PRIOR TO ENAMEL APPOSITION GETS ENTRAP IN THE ENAMEL

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ENAMEL SPINDLES

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AN ENAMEL STRUCTURE WHICH ARE SLENDER CYLINDRICAL SHAPED EXTENT INTO THE ENAMEL FROM THE DEJ

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ENAMEL SPINDLES

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1. A SECTION ENAMEL SPINDLES BEST OBSERVED? 2. LOCATION MORE NUMBEROUS

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1. ANY PLANE OF SECTION
2. CUSP TIP

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INITIAL INTERPRETATION OF ENAMEL RODS SHAPE FROM ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION

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1. KEYHOLE
2. PING PONG PADDLE

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DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE ENAMEL ROD SHAPE

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1 . HEAD REGION- PADDLE PORTION OF THE PING PONG PADDLE
2. TAIL REGION - HANDLE OF THE PING PONG PADDLE

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1. DIAMETER OF ENAMEL ROD HEAD? 2. DIAMETER OF DISTANCE FROM THE HEAD TO THE END OF THE TAIL

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1. ~5 UM
2. ~ 9 UM

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TRUE OR FALSE: THE HEAD-TAIL CONFIGURATION HAVE SPECIFIC ORIENTATION W/I THE ENAMEL

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TRUE

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1. DIRECTION OR ENAMEL ROD HEAD? 2. AND TAIL

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1. OCCLUSALLY
2. CERVICALLY

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TRUE OR FALSE: THERE IS NO QUALITATIVE OR QUANTITATIVE DIFFERENCES B/W THE HEAD AND TAIL REGION OF ENAMEL ROD

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TRUE

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ONLY DIFFERENCE B/W HEAD AND TAIL REGION OF THE ENAMEL ROD

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ORIENTATION OF TIGHTLY PACKED HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL

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ORIENTATION OF THE HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL IN ENAMAL ROD HEAD

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PARALLE TO THE LONG AXIS OF THE ROD

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ORIENTATION OF THE HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL IN THE ENAMEL ROD TAIL

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GRADUALLY INCLINE UNTIL ALMOST PERPENDICULAR TO THE LONG AXIS OF THE ROD IN THE BASE OF THE TAIL

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A LOCATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL FREE ZONE IN THE ENAMEL ROD

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NARROW ZONE ALONG INTERFACE B/W THE HEAD AND TAIL REGIONS OF ADJACENT RODS

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NARROW HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL FREE ZONE OF ADJACENT ROD CALLED

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ROD SHEATH

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OTHER CONSIDERATION OF THE BASIC UNITS OF ENAMEL

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1. HEAD REGION- CYLINDRICAL ROD
2. TAIL REGION- INTERROD REGION

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A PATTERNED CHANGE IN CRYSTAL ORIENTATION PRODUCES THE ROD SEEM IN ENAMEL, WHEN THIS OCCUR IN THE OUTER LAYER OF ENAMEL IT PRODUCES

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OUTER PRISMLESS LAYER

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ORIENTATION OF THE HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTAL IN THE OUTER PRISMLESS LAYER

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PERPENDICULAR TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL

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TRUE OR FALSE: IF ALL THE HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS HAD THE SAME ORIENTATION THERE WOULD BE NO ENAMEL ROD

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TRUE

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AN ENAMEL LAYER PRESENT OVER THE ENTIRE CROWNS OF PRIMARY TEETH

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OUTER PRISMLESS LAYER

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AN ENAMEL LAYER FOUND UNPREDICTABLY IN SMALL AREAS OF ENAMEL IN PERMANENT TEETH

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OUTER PRISMLESS LAYER

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WHEN CAN THE PRESENCE OF AN OUTER PRISMLESS LAYER PRESENT SOME PROBLEM

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ACID-ETCH TECHNIQUE TO BOND RESINS TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENAMEL