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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the function of the periodontal ligament, and more specifically, the principal fiber bundles?
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To anchor the tooth within the bony socket and allow for limited movement in response to occlusal pressure.
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Of what is the PDL composed?
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Cell (fibroblasts and other CT cells), fibers (Type I collagen predominates), and ground substance (proteoglycans and glycoproteins).
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The collagen fiber bundles of the PDL can be classified into two main groups. Name them and state the feature their names are indicative of.
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Gingival fiber group – those fibers that do not insert into bone; and dentoalveolar fiber groups – those fibers that insert into alveolar bone.
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List three groups of gingival fibers of the PDL.
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Gingival, circumferential and transseptal.
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Between which structures do these gingival fibers extend?
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Gingival – from cementum into the gingiva; , circumferential – from cementum into the lamina propria after extending around the root horizontally; and transseptal – extend from cementum of one tooth across the interdental septum to insert into the cementum of the adjacent tooth.
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What is the function of the gingival fibers of the PDL?
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Gingival (free and attached) fibers of the PDL resist gingival displacement during occlusal movement.
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List five groups of dentoalveolar fibers in the PDL.
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Alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, (peri)apical and interradicular fibers.
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Between which structures do these dentoalveolar fibers extend?
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Alveolar crest – cementum into the alveolar crest (angled upward); horizontal – cementum of cervical 1/3 of tooth into alveolar bone of socket (angled horizontally); oblique – cementum of apical 2/3’s of the tooth into alveolar bone (angled inferiorly); (peri)apical – radiate from surrounding the apical foramen down to alveolar bone; and interradicular fibers – from cementum of root bifurcation into the apical region of the interradicular septum.
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What is the function of the dentoalveolar fibers of the PDL?
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They primarily resist vertical movement during occlusion.
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What structural/functional unit is formed by the transseptal fibers?
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The dental arch.
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Do the blood vessels supplying the PDL anastomose?
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Yes
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If so, with vessels from what structure?
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They arise as branches from the arteries entering the apical foramen and anastomose with branches from the alveolar bone via its cribriform nature.
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What types of nerves are found within the PDL and what is their function?
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Autonomic – controlling blood vessel diameter; afferent – sensory via free (unmyelinated) nerve endings (pain sensation) as well as encapsulated nerve endings (pressure).
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