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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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are free and er-bound ribosomes the same
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yes, from common pool
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what is the metaphase plate composed of
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microtubules
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where does translation of acid hydrolases (lysosomal enzymes occur)
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on rER
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which diffuses through membrane better- lipid or water soluble
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lipid soluble
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what is responsible for the position of the golgi
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dynein
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chronic barbiturate use increases what
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sER in liver cells
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does translation of mRNA occur in sER
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no
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characteristics of collagen
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most ubundant fiber, unbranched flexible, tensile strength, a glycoprotein, has cross-links, banding pattern made of 3 alpha chains to make tropocollagen
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______ make antibody and ___incorporates it into receptor
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plama cell, mast cell
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what is an antigen
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ellicits immune response
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action of leptin
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inhibits food intake, stimulate metabolism-secreted by adipose
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adiponectin action
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counteracts resistin-secretes by adipost
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IL-6 and TNF-alpha action
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countributes to low-grade inflammation underlying heart disease and type 2 diabetes-secreted by adipose
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which results in severe obesity- hypercellular or hypertrophic
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hypercelleular-occurs in early postnatal life
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dense reg connective tissue is what type of collage
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type I- tendon and ligaments
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type of collagen of reticular fibers
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type III
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where is reticular fibers found
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spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, between SMCs around acini of glands, beneath epithelium of BV, intestine bladder and uterus, attachment of epithelial cells
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what does CT ground substance contain
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water, multiadhesive glycoproteins, proteoglycans
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characteristice of CT ground substance
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diffusion of H2O, regulates growth factors and secreted proteins by binding to them, regulates molecular trafficking, helps w/ compressive forces
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most abundant component of CT ground substant
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GAG (highly neg charge)
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what causes Marfan's syndrom
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mutation in fibrillin gene (main component of elastic fibers)
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the 2 main components of elastic fibers
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elastin and microfibrils (e.g. fibrillin)
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will CO2 diffuse across lipid bilyar
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yes
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are elastic fibers composed of collagen
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no
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what are collagen and elastic fibers both synthesized by
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fibroblasts
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why do carbs assoc w/ inner leaflet on lysosomes
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to protect membrane from digestion of enzymes
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what are astral fibers composed of
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tubulin
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what type is astral fibers
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microtubules
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are astral fibers an intermediate filament
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no
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_______ plays a major role in cytokinesis
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actin
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What type of disease is I-cell disease
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lysosome storage disease
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is outer nuclear membrane continuous w/ rER
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yes
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is outer nuclear membrane continuous w/ sER
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no
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what happens to cell treated w/ taxol
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mitosis arrest, stabile microtubules, inhibition of movement of secretory vesicles, death. taxol is an anticancer drug
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are histone in eu and heterochromatin
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yes both
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what organelles oxidize fatty acids
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mitochondria and peroxisomes
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what is responsible of movement of chromosomes during mitosis
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kinetochore microtubules
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what do plasma cells produce antibodies
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spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, nodules
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where are proteins in the nucleus synthesized
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on free ribosomes in cytoplasm
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nucleolar organizing regions contain________, involve ____ synthesis, organize the _______ and assist in _____the nucleolus after cell division
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contain DNA, rRNA synthesis,organize nucleoulus , reform nucleolus
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what layer are diffuse lymphatic found
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lamina propria
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are reticular fibers in stroma of thymus
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no
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is brown fat vascular
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yes
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what are the major cells in injury repair
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fibroblasts
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what cells can activate T-cells
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macrophages and APCs
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what is the most abundant protein in the body
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collagen
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what type of protein is collagen
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glycoprotein
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are the protein components of ribosomes processed in golgi network
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no
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where are nuclear pore protiens synthesized
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free ribosomes in cytoplasms
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how to determine where cancer in lymph nodes came from
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class of intermediate filaments
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where is ATP synthase (found in mitochondria) synthesized
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on free ribosomes in cytoplasm- NOT processed in golgi
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can dense reg connective tissue recoil
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yes and produces free energy
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can ground substance of CT be used w/ light microscope
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no, nor stained w/ resorcin-fuchsin
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what is the simplest form of chromatin packing in nucleus
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nucleosomes
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are peroxisomes self-replicating
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yes
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what does nissl substance indicate
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high ribosome content of nerve cell cytoplasm
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all membranes have lipids, protein and carbs except the _______membrane
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lysosome
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carbs are always located where in PM
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outer leaflet
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do all cells have glycocalyx
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yes
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primary fxn of necleolus
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rRNA transcription
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what are ribosomes mainly composed of
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proteins and rRNA
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ribosomes are the site of ___ sytnehsis
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protein
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are ribosomes derived from TGN
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no
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what plays important role in synthesis of acid hydrolases in lysosomes
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rER
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what is synthesized on free polyribosomes in cytoplasm
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nuclear pore proteins, urate oxidase and catalase (in peroxisomes), proteins in citric acid cycle, porins and cardiolipin (mitochondrial membrane synthesis)
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are mitochondria self-replicating
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yes
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nissl substance indicated
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high ribosome conent it is ergastoplam is not in neuron
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fxns of sER
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synthesis of membrane lipids, detox of lipid soluble drgs, ca++ storage, synthesis of steroids
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what part of golgi is responsible fo protein packaging and sorting
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TGN
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fxn of protein coat in vesicle
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capturing specific proteins
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what is the most stable of (int filaments, microtubules and microfilaments
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int filaments
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what is the most diverse in protein composition between int filaments, microtubules and microfilaments
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int filaments
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which of microtubules, microfilaments and int fil are polarized
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microtubules an dmicrofilaments
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what are nuclear laminin
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int filaments that link chromatin to inner nuclear member
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what do int filaments (tonofilaments) assoc w/
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desmosomes
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when does centriole replication occur
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S phase of interphase
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do collagen fibers branch
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no
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are elastic fibers visible w/ H&E
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no
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what are capillaries surrounded by
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loose CT
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what is found in the reticular lamina
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reticular fibers, type I collagen, and produced by CT
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does macula adherens link myosin containing intermediate filaments
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no- myosin filaments are not a type of intermediate filament
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what does the macula adherens (desmosome) link
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tonofibrils( made of cytokeratins) of adjecent cells causing adhesion
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do epithelia provide much mechanical support
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no
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what is an axoneme
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9+2 arrangement of microtubules in cilia
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what does axoneme depends on
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ATPase activity of dyneins
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why does each cilium bend
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anchored to basal body by microtubules
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where do basal bodies come from
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procentriolar template
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why does germ layer not classify glands
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glands are derived from all 3
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can basement membrane determine structure of epithelium
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yes-through induction
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what is dytrophin
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cytoskeletal protein that binds actin to sarcolemma and to laminin un extracellular matrix. It supports sarcolemma to prevent damage during contractions
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do capillaries from CT cross basal lamina
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no
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what is central doublet composed of
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microtubules
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does actin participate in ciliary action
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no
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what causes mechanical adhesion in stratified squamous epithelium
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macula adherens (desmosomes)
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what is basement membrane made of
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basal lamina and reticular lamina
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what is mesothelium
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epithelium that lines the body cavities
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occludins in major linking protein in:
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tight junction
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cadherins (desmogleins and desmocollins) major linking protein in:
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macula adherens
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connexing is major linking protein in:
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gap junctions
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e-cadhering-catenin complex is major linkin protein in:
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zonula adherens
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fxn of stratified columnar epithelium
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protection
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absorption and secretion is fxn of how many layers
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1 (simple) epithelium
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what type of collagen is in basal lamin
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type 4
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are type 3 and type 1 collagen produced by epithelium
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no
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what makes gap jxns open and close
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pH and calcium ion conc.
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what causes movement of cilia
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sliding of adjacent microtubule pairs past on another due to force generate by dynein
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what regulates the length of actin filamens
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nebulin
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are tonofibrils (composed of cytokeratin) in basal lamina
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no they are intracellular
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fxn of zonula adherens
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links actin filaments in adjacent cells through ca++ sensitive adherin-catenin complex
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can cilia absorb
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no
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does bone of BV
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yes
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does cartilage have bv
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no
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osteocytes are dervied from
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osteoblasts (not chondrocytes)
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what does bone remodeling unit consist of
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osteoblast and osteoclast
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what are osteoclasts derived from
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monocyte precursor cells
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what is responsible for bone thickening (process)
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intramembranous bone formation
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