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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what important structures are derived from the endoderm?
epithelium of respiratory, lower intestinal, and most inner membranes
what important structures are derived from mesoderm?
CT, skin dermis, skeletal muscle, urogenital, cardiovascular and lymph system
what important structures are derived from ectoderm?
epidermis, neural system,
what are the 3 components of connective tissue?
cells, fibers, and ground substance
what are the functions of connective tissue?
support, defense, CO2 and O2 exchange, and wound repair
what is an aponeurosis?
a flat tendon
where were most mobile CT just before they moved into CT?
blood
what are the two types of embryonic/pluripotent CT?
mesenchyme and mucous
what are the classifications for adult CT?
loose, dense (reg/irreg), reticular, adipose, specialized
what are the characteristics of mucous CT?
large amount of GS, stem cells found in matrix, cells appear similar to fibroblasts/mesenchymal cell
what are the characteristics of mesenchyme CT?
spindle shaped, few fibers, pluripotent for other CT cells
what is the difference b/t stroma and parenchyme?
stroma is CT of a gland, parenchyme is CT in a duct
what are the characteristics of fibroblasts?
spindle shaped, ovoid, large pale stained nucleus, basophilic cyto due to excess rER
what are the characteristics of fibrocytes?
smaller and thinner spindle shaped, smaller and darker nucleus
what is the function of myofibroblasts and how do they differ from fibroblasts?
they are used in wound contraction, and have added MF compared w/ fibroblasts
what gives rise to macrophages?
bone marrow stem cells--> monocytes-->macrophage
what are the characteristics of macrophages (histiocytes)?
large, debris from secondary lysosomes, heterogeneus cyto
what is the function of histiocytes (macrophages)?
ingestion & digestion of foreign bodies, cell-mediated resistance to bacteria, viruses, fungi, tumors
what are the characteristics of plasma cells?
ovoid or spherical shape, cartwheel nucleus, large golgi on one side w/ large amounts of basophilic cyto that side as well
what are the characteristics of mast cells?
granules, large oval, homogeneous cyto, central nucleus
what is the function of mast cells?
storage and release of chemical mediators of inflammation and hypersensitivity (allergic rxs, causes vasodilation and bronchoconstriction)
what is in the wall (to the inside of the endothelium) of a blood vessel?
CT and smooth muscle
what is the allergic rxn pathway?
AG (primary response)-->IgE produced-->IgE binds to mast cell-->AG (secondary response)-->antigen binds to IgE causing degranulation
what does histamine do?
contracts visceral arterial and bronchial smooth muscle and relaxes peripheral arterial smooth muscle
what are the characteristics of adipose cells?
contain a central droplet of fat in cyto, flattened nucleus in against membrane