Hist010 Midterm 1

Front 1

Agricultural Surplus

Back 1

5000 BCE, Sumer, No more migration, valuable resource that caused wars

Front 2

Catal Huyuk

Back 2

7200 BCE, Anatolia, largest and best preserved Neolithic site, focus on agriculture, one of the first large towns

Front 3

Sumer

Back 3

6000 BCE, year round agriculture (irrigation), permanent homes, writing, earliest Mesopotamians

Front 4

Sargon of Akkad

Back 4

2200 BCE, first central empire, conquered Mesopotamia, empire collapsed after death

Front 5

Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops)

Back 5

2500 BCE, tomb of Khufu, greatest ancient structure, mystery due to construction

Front 6

Teotihuacan

Back 6

500 BCE, village to a city into a bustling metropolis of temples and great towers, great influence in central America, no evidence of military so it was invaded and burned

Front 7

Ritual Calendar

Back 7

300 BCE, 260 days, Mayans, separate 365 day calendar

Front 8

Shang Dynasty

Back 8

1700 BCE, bronze metallurgy, horses, written records

Front 9

Mandate of Heaven

Back 9

1100 BCE, Chinese, emperor rules with the approval of Heaven and must maintain balance and order and if he fails the realm falls to chaos and the mandate would go to another candidate

Front 10

Laozi

Back 10

300 BCE, China, founder of Daosim, composed Daodejing

Front 11

Qin Shi Huangdi

Back 11

200 BCE, China, first emperor, established centralized rule

Front 12

Han Dynasty

Back 12

200 BCE, China, silk road, re-established empire rule, China flourished and is recognized as one of the greatest periods in Chinese history

Front 13

Kouros Statues

Back 13

500 BCE, Greece, statues of young men, influenced by Egyptians, connection of societies on the Mediterranean

Front 14

Alexander of Macedonia

Back 14

300 BCE, Rome, established empire across the Mediterranean, died young

Front 15

Tribunes

Back 15

500 BCE, Rome, elected officials for the plebians to ease class tensions

Front 16

Tiberius Gracchus

Back 16

100 BCE, attempted to establish Agrarian reform, murdered

Front 17

Augustus (Octavian)

Back 17

100 CE, Pax Romana, false republic established, recognized as a God upon death

Front 18

Pax Romana

Back 18

100 CE, "Roman Peace", economic/political integration of the empire

Front 19

Paul of Tarsus

Back 19

100 CE, Jew who spread Christianity, executed for being considered a threat to the peace in the empire

Front 20

Moksha

Back 20

800 BCE, Hindu concept of the salvation of the soul, release

Front 21

Ashoka Maurya

Back 21

200 BCE, conquered India and united it, trade and agrarian development

Front 22

Zhang Qian

Back 22

100 BCE, Ambassador for the emperor, captured for 10 years, helped establish the silk road

Front 23

Cuneiform Writing

Back 23

2900 BCE, Sumer, first writing in the world, used wedge shapes inscribed on clay

Front 24

Arthashastra

Back 24

300 BCE, India, written by Kautalya, Indian political treatise, "War is inevitable"

Front 25

Bhakti

Back 25

1500 CE, Indian movement that attempted to transcend differences between Hinduism and Islam, based upon love and devotion, all known deities are manifestations of the same god

Front 26

Latifundia

Back 26

199 BCE, slave-run plantations of elites in Rome

Front 27

Four Noble Truths

Back 27

500 BCE, life is pain, pain is caused by desire, eliminate desire to eliminate pain, eightfold path eliminates desire

Front 28

Jati

Back 28

600 BCE, Hindu subcaste determined by occupation

Front 29

Patricians/Plebeians

Back 29

500 BCE, rich/poor of society, frequent class tension between the two

Front 30

Warring States

Back 30

600 BCE, China, competition for dominance, promoted growth

Front 31

Imperial Academy

Back 31

200 BCE, China, teachings of Confucius for the Civil Service Examinations

Front 32

Civil Service Examinations

Back 32

200 BCE, China, exams on Confucius, enlisting the gentry to lead and work for the government, don't work in own province

Front 33

"Improving Yourself"

Back 33

500 BCE, Confucian principle, cultivate human virtue through rituals and respect, attain harmony with the way

Front 34

Agon

Back 34

700 BCE, Greece, conflict/competition

Front 35

Gravitas, Pietas, Constantia

Back 35

200 BCE, Speaking, Devotion, Steadfastness, Roman values from Cato

Front 36

Metics

Back 36

600 BCE, resident aliens from other Greek poleis, can't vote or own property, served in the military

Front 37

Mystery Religions

Back 37

100 CE, Judaism, Christianity, Old Roman Gods, Egyptian Gods

Front 38

Year of the Four Emperors

Back 38

68-69 CE, Chaos in Rome but little outside effect

Front 39

Nubia

Back 39

2000 BCE, South of Egypt, conquered Egypt 750 BCE

Front 40

The Five Relations

Back 40

500 BCE, father - child (paternal), husband - wife (patriarchal), king-subject (monarchical), older brother - younger brother (age), friend - friend (equality)

Front 41

Huns/Xiongnu

Back 41

500 CE, Nomadic warriors of the Chinese steppes, attacked eastern Europe under Atilla, disintegrated after his death