Hist Test#2

Front 1

Opposition to the Tariff and Nullification Crisis was centered in

Back 1

South Carolina

Front 2

John Calhoun & Doctrine of Nullification:
What did the Doctrine of Nullification say?

Back 2

every state has the right to nullify a federal law

Front 3

True or False: Andrew Jackson was a slave owner

Back 3

True

Front 4

Who was Daniel Webster?

Back 4

Daniel Webster is a U.S. Senator who opposed nullification. He said that the Constitution is an agreement among the citizens not the states, and that if a state opposes a federal law then it is up to the Supreme Court to handle it.

Front 5

Bank War

Back 5

Disagreement regarding Bank of U.S.

Front 6

True or False: Business people up north hated the Bank of the U.S.

Back 6

False.
Business people up north <i>loved</i> the Bank of the U.S.

Front 7

Why did farmers out west hate the Bank of the U.S.?

Back 7

they felt it caused the Panic of 1819

Front 8

Samuel Slater

Back 8

"Father of the American Industrial Revolution"
"Father of the American Factory System"

He brought British textile technology (a.k.a. factory technology) to America

Front 9

True or False:
Most factory workers were women because factory owners could pay them less (a.k.a. cost control)

Back 9

True.
Most factory workers were women because factory owners could pay them less (a.k.a. cost control)

Front 10

Railroads were the main form of transportation in the ______.

Back 10

1840's

Front 11

Construction of the Erie Canal took place during the years _____ through ______.

Back 11

1817 through 1825

Front 12

The Erie Canal went all the way to the _____.

Back 12

Hudson River in New York

Front 13

Samuel Morse

Back 13

Invented the telegraph

Front 14

The first telegraph went from ________ to _________.

Back 14

Baltimore to Washington D.C.

Front 15

Congress funded the telegraph in the year _____.

Back 15

1844

Front 16

In what part of the country were most railroads located in?

Back 16

Railroads were mostly in the north (very few in the south)

Front 17

The European War made it possible for American workers to do what? Why?

Back 17

The European War made it possible for American workers to do transatlantic trading because Britain was using all its ships for war

Front 18

Embargo Act

Back 18

The Embargo Act was a law passed by Congress (and signed by president Thomas Jefferson) in 1807 that prohibited United States vessels from trading with European nations during the Napoleonic Wars

Front 19

True/False
Northern merchants were able to profit from southern cotton

Back 19

true

Front 20

True/False
Cotton production in the south helped to finance the industrialization of the NorthEast

Back 20

true

Front 21

main textiles were _____ & ____

Back 21

shoes and clothes

Front 22

main crops were ____ & ____

Back 22

cotton and wheat

Front 23

What was the main cause of the Panic of 1819?

Back 23

The war in Europe was over and European farmers were now able to grow wheat again, so the price of U.S. wheat and cotton goes down. Farmers in the U.S. are no longer able to pay back loans to the bank so the bank repossesses their land. Banks go down hill which causes the whole economy to go down hill.

Front 24

Sugar Creek, Illinois

Back 24

the population of Sugar Creek decreased by 50% every 10 years because everybody was moving west

Front 25

Growing influence of markets in people's lives creates...

Back 25

an opportunity to make more money

Front 26

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Back 26

Supreme Court case that decides wether the Bank of the U.S. is constitutional

Front 27

McCulloch v. Maryland:
Does a state have a right to enact a tax on a federal entity?

Back 27

The Supreme Court says no; however, they also say that a national bank is perfectly legal and constitutional

Front 28

What is the Supreme Court ruling in the case of McCulloch v. Maryland?

Back 28

The Supreme Court says that a national bank is perfectly legal and constitutional

Front 29

Gibbons v. Ogden(1824)
when it comes to business, does a person go by state law or federal law?

Back 29

Court over-rules the state law.
Whenever there is a conflict between a state and federal law, federal law always wins.

Front 30

The state of Georgia sold land for far less than it was worth because the legislators were bribed. What was the Supreme Court's reaction?

Back 30

Supreme Court ruled that the Georgia contract is still valid, even though it was corrupted. You can't go back and just get rid of a contract even if corruption is involved.

Front 31

Why did citizens oppose the Bank of the U.S.?

Back 31

people blamed the bank for making the Panic of 1819 even worse

Front 32

True/False
Founders (such as James Madison) opposed factions

Back 32

true

Front 33

Interstate Commerce Clause

Back 33

The Commerce Clause is an enumerated power listed in the United States Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3). The clause states that the United States Congress shall have power "To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes." Courts and commentators[who?] have tended to discuss each of these three areas of commerce as a separate power granted to Congress. Dispute exists within the courts as to the range of powers granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause

Front 34

What was the goal of Alexander Hamilton's economic program?

Back 34

Goal: strong federal government (tariff on imported goods)

Front 35

The Whiskey Rebellion took place in what year?

Back 35

1794

Front 36

Whiskey Rebellion

Back 36

In the early 1790s, angry farmers in western Pennsylvania launched a series of attacks on federal excise agents in response to tax on whiskey imposed by the federal government

Front 37

________ ________ lead army against the WHiskey Rebellion

Back 37

Alexander Hamilton

Front 38

Describe Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. (hint: 4 key components)

Back 38

1. Federal government pays states' debts
2. Bank of U.S. (modeled on the Bank of England)
3. Goal: strong federal government (tariff on imported goods)
4. Jefferson: Hamilton enriches elites and threatens farmers

Front 39

Describe the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794. (hint: 3 key components)

Back 39

1. Farmers refuse to pay tax
2. Hamilton leads army against rebellion
3. Jefferson: Hamilton imposes taxes and tyranny

Front 40

French Revolution:
1. Jefferson favors ____ over ___
2. Hamilton favors ____ over ___

Back 40

1. France, Britain
2. Britain, France

Front 41

WHat was one way in which factory owners controlled cost?

Back 41

they employed women workers because they would work for less

Front 42

John Calhoun

Back 42

Doctrine of Nullification

Front 43

Sedition Act (1798)

Back 43

The Sedition Act was a bill passed in the aftermath of the French Revolution. The Sedition Act made it a crime to publish "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the government or certain officials. It was enacted on July 14, 1798 with an expiration date of March 3, 1801.

Front 44

The Federalists were all about two things. What were they?

Back 44

1. Strong federal government
2. Implied Constitutional powers

Front 45

The Democratic Republicans were all about two things. What were they?

Back 45

1. Limited federal government
2. Strict reading of Constitution

Front 46

Thomas Jefferson was elected president in the year ____

Back 46

1801

Front 47

What were the 4 main causes of the War of 1812?

Back 47

1. British Interference w/ U.S. merchant shipping
2. British support for Native Americans
3. British acceptance of American Independence
4. Access to western land

Front 48

War of 1812

Back 48

The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions due to Britain's ongoing war with France, the impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, British support of American Indian tribes against American expansion, outrage over insults to national honour after humiliations on the high seas and possible American desire to annex Canada.

Front 49

What were the 3 main results of the War of 1812?

Back 49

1. Tecumseh's confederacy destroyed
2. Outpouring of national pride
3. Federalist Party destroyed

Front 50

Treaty of Ghent

Back 50

Treaty that ended that War of 1812

Front 51

_______ spearheaded the negotiations with Britain during the War of 1812

Back 51

John Quincy Adams

Front 52

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Back 52

-1823
-James Monroe
-European countries should not interfere with former Spanish colonies

Front 53

Eli Whitney

Back 53

Cotton Gin

Front 54

Cyrus McCormick

Back 54

Grain Reaper

Front 55

Who invented the cotton gin?

Back 55

Eli Whitney

Front 56

Who invented the grain reaper?

Back 56

Cyrus McCormick

Front 57

The Economic Revolution was concentrated in...

Back 57

the Northeast and the Upper Midwest