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17 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
Thucydides
History of the Peloponnesian War
Gives insight into Greek society during the period. Focuses on concept of arete and hubris. gives a cyclical view of history & historical analysis
Plato
"Apology"
Apology highlights Plato's thoughts on truth. Plato articulates his definition of truth as an intangible abstract concept that individuals can obtain, but only after rigorous analysis and critiquing.
Epicurus
Letter to Menoeceus
He believes the path to happiness is to maximize pleasure & minimize pain. Those who focus on meaningless things they can’t control will increase anxiety. Death is pointless to worry about.
Cullen Murphey
Are we Rome?
St. Augustine
City of God
he argues there is an impure world of sin (city of man) & a perfect world of righteousness called city of god. Also articulates idea of the original sin. God reveals every truth. The individual has free will to make choice between right & wrong but that choice is determined by god. This is a major departure from Socratic ideal of the autonomous subject. establishes church's legitimacy & importance
Unknown
Song of Roland
Highlighted the feudal relationship. This kind of brotherly love also helped cement feudal relationships as much as property or even fealty or homage.
Peter Abelard
Sic et Non and Historia Calamitatum
it is possible to reconcile faith and reason. Abelard does not wholly accept reason over faith or vise versa. Rather, he accepts that a fusion of the two provide the best answers for life because neither is strong enough on its own. Questioning strengthens faith.
Bernard of Clairvaux
For the Love of God
view knowledge or reason as negative because it implies that faith is not already the ultimate answer and truth. To question faith would be an insult to all the martyrs who died for their unwavering belief in that faith.
Innocent III
On the Misery of Man
men were fundamentally flawed beings and the best they could hope for was getting into the city of god with the church’s help. Their life on earth was meant to be miserable. Renaissance.
Pico della Mirandola
Oration on the Dignity of Man
you can become a brute like Innocent thinks everyone is but you have power to be reborn into the higher forms. Man can be something great. For Pico, it is man’s freewill & capacity to use it that is ultimately the source of human dignity.
Machiavelli
The Prince
The end justifies the means. Truth is found in history which serves as a guide to the present.
Martin Luther
“On the Freedom of a Christian” and “The Jews and Their Lies”
shows rhetoric of history does not always paint the full picture.
Pope Leo X
Exurge Domine
condemns Luther
Bartholomew de Las Casas
Brief Account of the Devastation of the Indies
triumph of human rights for non-westerners
Juan Ginés de Sepúleveda
On the Reasons for the Just War Against the Indians
follow us or die. Shows destructive & superior attitude westerners held
Rene Descartes
Discourse on Method
Descartes holds a similar theory in regards to being skeptical and testing what is considered “true”. However, he believes truth is a concrete fact that can be reached through scientific methods.
John Locke
Second Treatise on Government
Locke’s political theory rests on his faith in human being’s capacity for goodness & rational thought. People can overthrow ruler if social contract violated