Hist 226 Test 1 - Ch. 2

Front 1

Columbus 1492

Back 1

Spain wins war with Moores
Creates one large Catholic empire (Castille & Aragon)
Funds journey trying to find Orient and expand trade

Front 2

West Indies

Back 2

Where name Indian came from. Thought they were from India

Front 3

Bahamas

Back 3

1515: Land grab race.
Natives and others were dying

Front 4

Hernan Cortez

Back 4

Conquistador that defeated Aztecs.
Occupied their city and exploited their riches

Front 5

Mexica (Aztec)

Back 5

Last and largest original indigenous population.
1519 Relations with Cortez turn sour

Front 6

Tenochitlan

Back 6

Capital City of Aztec Empire

Front 7

Moctezuma

Back 7

Aztec leader.
Was eventually kidnapped and killed by Cortez

Front 8

Mexico City

Back 8

New name of Aztec Capital.
Spanish made it center of new empire.

Front 9

Haciendas

Back 9

Large estates/large plantations

Front 10

Haciendados

Back 10

Owner of haciendas. Very wealthy

Front 11

Ranchos

Back 11

Smaller farms/Smaller estates

Front 12

Rancheros

Back 12

Owner of the rancho

Front 13

Labor

Back 13

Used Mestizos, Indians, Mulattos (Blacks) for slave labor.

Front 14

Mining

Back 14

Mining industries only owned by elite.
Used indigenous people for labor.
Thriving economy

Front 15

Religion in Spanish Texas

Back 15

Roman Catholicism

Front 16

Friars

Back 16

Priests: Job is to convert Indians

Front 17

Franciscans

Back 17

Became most powerful religious order in the New World

Front 18

Missions

Back 18

Large walled compounds run by Friars.
Had crops, wells, factories, and housing for military, friars, Indians
Very profitable

Front 19

Miscegination

Back 19

Technical term for race mixing.
Mostly Spanish men with indigenous women.
Usually rape and against the law.
Taboo

Front 20

Mestizos

Back 20

Spanish/Indian
Offspring of a Spanish Male and Indian women.

Front 21

Mullato

Back 21

Spanish/African
Offspring of Spansih Male and African Female. Status of mother determined child's slave status.

Front 22

Race Mixing

Back 22

Considered as 2nd class citizens. Illegitimate.

Front 23

Zambo

Back 23

Indian/African
Offspring of Indian Male and African women

Front 24

Penisular

Back 24

Full blooded Spanish born in Spain

Front 25

Criollo

Back 25

Full blooded Spanish born in New World.