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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Karl Marx
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Wrote the Communist Manifesto. He was the father of modern communism.
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Industrialization
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Transformation of work from hand tools to machines. This transformation led to many other transformations, such as mass migration from rural to urban areas. Led also to urban poverty.
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Nationalism
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the belief that each nation has both the right and the duty to constitute itself as a state.
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Colonialism
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Differs from imperialism in that it is primarily mercantile empires, with No territorial or political ambitions
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Imperialism
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a process in which states, companies, and people, first from Europe, exerted their dominance over the rest of the world. This was done by domination (not exchange), investing money in the local infrastructure, and exploiting people. It was possible due to overwhelming European power over other nations.
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Social Darwinism
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Theory that "superior" races are meant to dominate and exploit the weaker races. Used as a justification for imperialism.
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Triple Entente
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France, Russia, and GB. Set up as a direct reaction to the creation of the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria and Italy. The TE didn't agree to automatically go to war, but it still could lead to war just as quickly.
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Benito Mussolini
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Wrote the Doctrine of Fascism. Not a fan of individual sovereignty, only with the needs of the state. He also urged for immediate action against the perceived threat, not discussion.
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Trench warfare
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A big reason why WWI was so deadly. Soldiers caught things like "trench foot", and often died very quickly when they ran out of the trenches as it put them in direct line of fire.
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February Revolution
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Russian revolution in 1917. There were strikes and mutiny which eventually led to abdication of the throne by Czar Nicholas and the end of the Russian Empire.
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July Days
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2nd revolution that occurred in Russia in 1917. Protests that the Bolsheviks tried to lead, the anti-war movement in Russia was crushed at this time.
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Modernity
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a state of existence characterized by the following:
1) industrial economy that facilitates social mobility 2) urbanization and an urban mass culture with high literacy rates 3) secular, centralized, bureaucratic state |
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Sigmund Freud
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Many works on psychoanalysis, one of which was 'the ego and the id'
Id: subconscious Ego: conscious self Superego: conscience (internalized regulations of civilization) |
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Superego
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conscience (internalized regulations of civilization). This is a part of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis theory
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Sigmund Freud 2
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Was a source of European uncertainty after WWI
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Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
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Was a source of European uncertainty after WWI.implies that it is impossible simultaneously to measure the present position while also determining the future motion of a particle
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Dada
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Something to do with modernism in visual arts after WWI. Born out of a negative reaction to the horrors of WWI.rejected reason and logic, prizing nonsense, anarchy, irrationality and intuition.
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Trading on the margin
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One of the reasons for the stock market crash that caused the Great Depression, as it created a chain of debt. Borrowing money from a broker to pay for stock.
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Documentary Photography
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One of the cultural ramifications of the great depression. Used to chronicle significant or historical events.
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Welfare state
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the state assumes some responsibility for the social welfare of its citizens, intervening and/or participating in the economy to do so if necessary.
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Five-Year Plan
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Rapid Industrialization
1) emphasis on metal production (steel, pig iron) 2) state control of urban economy 3) beginnings of planned economy 4) massive construction projects 5) economic chaos and rapid growth |
