Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The Black Death (1300s; Climate & Plague) |
-During 1300s -Caused massive population loss in China and both Europe. Europe recovered in the 1400s |
|
|
Little Ice Age (1300s; Climate & Plague) |
-1300s to 1800s -Heavy rain drenched Europe -Cold winters & famines in China -Glaciers grew in N. America, but drought came to southwest -In Eurasia, cooling reduced food supply, which weakened Mongols |
|
|
Mongol Empire (1300s; Climate & Plague) |
-Lasted from 1206 to 1368 -It's the longest continuous empire in human history -Beseiged Baghdad in 1258 -Invaded China in 1211 -Conquered China in 1270; learned to sail ships to Japan -China was extremely powerful in 1200s, so Mongol victory was a big deal |
|
|
Nomads VS Settled People (1300s; Climate & Plague) |
-Nomadic people were known for invading settled peoples |
|
|
The Steppe (1300s; Climate & Plague) |
-A steppe is grasslands -Eurasian Steppe is relatively flat grassland; it stretched from western Europe to Western Asia -Since it was flat, it allowed humans to traverse through it quickly |
|
|
Aztec Empire (Expanding Worlds; 13-1400s) |
-Reigned from 1428 to 1521 -Ruled Mesoamerica -Defeated by Spanish conquistadores under Hernan Cortes in 1521 allied with native collaborators -Based their power through military might |
|
|
Eurocentricism (Expanding Worlds; 13-1400s) |
-The focus on European history; or looking at history through Europe's eyes |
|
|
Inca Empire (Expanding Worlds; 13-1400s) |
-Reigned from 1438 to 1533 -Ruled western South America (Peru) -Defeated by Francisco Pizzaro in 1533 -They were the fastest growing empire -Ecologically diverse -Absolute monarchs -Extensive Roads |
|
|
Ming China (Expanding Worlds; 13-1400s) |
-Reigned from 1368 to 1644 |
|
|
Empire (New Empires; 15-1700s) |
A group of countries under one supreme authority |
|
|
Land & Maritime Empires (New Empires; 15-1700s) |
-Land empires were focused on controlling land and people, and required large armies -Maritime empires were focused on ruling trading in the oceans |
|
|
Imperialism (New Empires; 15-1700s) |
The process by which a country expands its power over another |
|
|
Mestizos (New Empires; 15-1700s) |
People of mixed Spanish & native heritage |
|
|
Native Collaborators (New Empires; 15-1700s) |
Natives who helped Spanish conquistadors |
|
|
Capital (Ecological Revolution) |
Investment; doesn't necessarily mean cash |
|
|
The Columbian Exchange (Ecological Revolution) |
-Movement of people, plants, animals & pathogens between Afro-Eurasia & Americas in the 1500s and 1600s -Most important biological exchange in human history -European pathogens reduced native populations by 95% in some places -Up to 20 mil. natives died -Eurasians carried more diseases than natives because Eurasians had more access to domestic animals |
|
|
Pathogen |
A microorganism that causes disease |
|
|
When did Globalization begin? |
1400s. Ocured when Christopher Columbus traveled to the new world |
|
|
Spain's Conquest of the Americas |
-Native Americans gave crucial help to the Spanish against the Aztecs & Incas -Eurasian diseases weakened Aztec & Inca Empires -Spanish cities began to overcome Aztec & Inca ones |
|
|
Sugar Plantations |
-Required land from Native Americans, labor from Africa, and entrepreneurs from Europe
|
|
|
Christianity (Religion, Science, States & Societies; 15-1700s) |
-In 1500, Europe had divided Christianity into Catholics and Protestants -Spread of Christianity in 1500 and 1600s occurred amid intense competition among Christians in Europe |
|
|
Why did Christianity become so popular in Americans instead of Islam? |
Because Christianity expanded into Americas and Islam did not. |
|
|
The State (Religion, States & Societies; 15-1700s) |
A government controlling land and people |
|
|
Science (Religion, States & Societies 15-1700s) |
Systematic study of the world through observation and experimentation |
|
|
Why did the Scientific Revolution occur in Europe and not somewhere else? |
Because Europe had access to more tools like the printing press, navigation, and universities |
|
|
High-Level Equilibrium Trap (Global Economy of 1700s) |
- A situation in which a country is doing fine with their current trading situation, which discourages innovation (which is a trap because less innovation will lead to their downfall) |
|
|
Industrialization (Global Economy of 1700s) |
The process by which industry develops on a wide scale |
|
|
Industrial Revolution (Global Economy of 1700s) |
-Began in the 1760s -Began in Britain -Unleashed human productive potential -Societies where people just got by became societies of abundance
|
|
|
Why did the industrial revolution start in Brtain and not elsewhere? |
-Britain had access to coal -They were given political & intellectual freedom -They were committed to potential of new discoveries -They had an empire -Had the conviction that the future would be different -Also, labor was scarce and expensive, so there was incentive to innovate |
|
|
Urbanization (Global Economy of 1700s) |
The process by which urban areas develop and expand |
|
|
Atlantic Slavery (Empires in the 1700s) |
Large scale, transoceanic, and focused on production of cash crops, and was brutal |
|
|
Racism (Empires in the 1700s) |
Argues that humans fall into biological groups and that the groups are hierarchical |
|
|
Why were Africans used as slaves and not Europeans? |
-America had a labor problem (lack of labor) -Africa had an already developed slave network -Native American & European labor proved to be inadequate |
